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1.
Aging Clin Exp Res ; 33(11): 3065-3071, 2021 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34216378

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Changes in older people's symptoms across recent decades have not been investigated. AIMS: We analyzed temporal trends in symptom burden by comparing data from independent, cross-sectional cohorts retrieved in 1989, 1999, 2009, and 2019. Furthermore, we compared the association between symptom burden and psychological wellbeing (PWB) in older men and women. METHODS: The Helsinki Aging Study recruited a random sample of people aged 75, 80, and 85 in 1989, and random samples aged 75, 80, 85, 90, and 95 in 1999, 2009, and 2019 (four study waves). Altogether, 6263 community-dwelling people answered the questions concerning symptoms in the questionnaire surveys. The symptoms inquired in all study waves were dizziness, back pain, joint pain, chest pain, shortness of breath, and loss of appetite. Symptom burden was calculated according to the number of symptoms and their frequency (score range: 0-6). PWB and the Charlson comorbidity index were calculated. RESULTS: Symptom burden decreased in both men and women aged 75 and 80 from 1989 to 2019. Changes in cohorts aged 85 + were nonsignificant. There was a significant difference in symptom burden between men and women in all ages with men having fewer symptoms. PWB decreased with increasing symptom burden. Men had greater PWB than women up to severe levels of symptom burden. CONCLUSIONS: Symptom burden decreased from 1989 to 2019 in cohorts aged 75-80, whereas changes remained nonsignificant in cohorts aged 85 +. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine temporal trends in symptom burden.


Asunto(s)
Envejecimiento , Vida Independiente , Anciano , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
3.
J Intern Med ; 289(2): 264-266, 2021 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33340173
4.
Aging Clin Exp Res ; 28(4): 797-803, 2016 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27299902

RESUMEN

Prevention of fragility fractures in older people has become a public health priority, although the most appropriate and cost-effective strategy remains unclear. In the present statement, the Interest Group on Falls and Fracture Prevention of the European Union Geriatric Medicine Society, in collaboration with the International Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics for the European Region, the European Union of Medical Specialists, and the International Osteoporosis Foundation-European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis, outlines its views on the main points in the current debate in relation to the primary and secondary prevention of falls, the diagnosis and treatment of bone fragility, and the place of combined falls and fracture liaison services for fracture prevention in older people.


Asunto(s)
Fracturas Óseas/prevención & control , Accidentes por Caídas/prevención & control , Anciano , Densidad Ósea , Unión Europea , Humanos , Prevención Primaria , Prevención Secundaria
5.
J Nutr Health Aging ; 27(8): 619-625, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37702334

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the change in feelings of loneliness among Finnish community-dwelling older people from before the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019 to during the pandemic in 2021. Moreover, we explore the changes in other dimensions of psychological well-being (PWB) during the study period. DESIGN: Questionnaires were mailed in the 2019 Helsinki Aging Study, a repeated cohort study. A follow-up interview was carried on over the telephone during the year 2021. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A random sample of 2,917 home-dwelling older people aged 75-104 years residing in Helsinki, Finland were mailed the questionnaire. Altogether 898 participated in the follow-up. MEASUREMENTS: Loneliness was measured using a single item question "Do you suffer from loneliness?". Other items of psychological well-being were measured: "Are you satisfied with your life?" (yes/no), "Do you feel useful?" (yes/no), "Do you have a zest for life?" (yes/no),"Do you have plans for the future?" (yes/no), and "Do you feel depressed?"("rarely or never"/ "sometimes"/ "often or always"). RESULTS: Altogether 898 people participated both in 2019 and 2021. The subjects' mean age was 83 years and 66% were women. Between 2019 and 2021, the prevalence of experienced loneliness increased among older home-dwellers from 26% to 30%. During two years of the pandemic feelings of loneliness (RR 1.79, 95% CI: 1.30 to 2.46) and depression (RR 1.37, 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.67) increased even adjusted with various confounders. CONCLUSION: Considering the impact loneliness has on health and well-being, the finding of increased feelings of loneliness among older people is alarming. Actions to combat loneliness need to be taken.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Soledad , Femenino , Humanos , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Masculino , Estudios Longitudinales , Finlandia/epidemiología , Estudios de Cohortes , Pandemias , COVID-19/epidemiología
6.
Int J Obes (Lond) ; 36(9): 1153-7, 2012 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22614054

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE AND HYPOTHESIS: To investigate whether old age frailty is predicted by midlife overweight/obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. DESIGN: Longitudinal observational study (the Helsinki Businessmen Study). SUBJECTS: In their midlife in 1974, 1815 initially healthy men (mean age 47 years) were clinically investigated, whereupon their weight status (normal weight < 25 kg m(-2), overweight 25 ≤ body mass index <30 kg m(-2) and obese ≥ 30 kg m(-2)), CVD risk factors and a composite risk score (%) of coronary artery disease (CAD) were assessed. After a 26-year follow-up in 2000, when 425 men had died, the frailty status of survivors (80.9%, n=1125, mean age 73 years) was assessed using a postal questionnaire including the RAND-36/SF-36 instrument. Phenotypic criteria were used to define frailty, and according to these criteria, 40.0% (n=450), 50.4% (n=567) and 9.6% (n=108) were classified as not frail, prefrail and frail, respectively. Risks are presented as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: Compared with normal weight, the development of frailty was significantly higher among those men who were overweight or obese in midlife, with fully adjusted ORs (95% CI) of 2.06 (1.21-3.52) and 5.41 (1.94-15.1), respectively. Even the development of prefrailty was significantly increased with midlife overweight (OR 1.39; 95% CI, 1.03-1.87) and obesity (OR 2.96; 95% CI, 1.49-5.88). Age-adjusted composite CAD score in midlife predicted similarly 26-year total mortality (OR per 1% increase:1.16; 95% CI, 1.08-1.24) and development of frailty (OR 1.16; 95% CI, 1.02-1.33). CONCLUSION: Overweight/obesity and higher CAD risk in midlife were associated with frailty 26 years later. Preventing old age frailty should be recognized as an important goal of obesity and CVD risk control.


Asunto(s)
Envejecimiento , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/epidemiología , Anciano Frágil/estadística & datos numéricos , Conductas Relacionadas con la Salud , Obesidad/epidemiología , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Índice de Masa Corporal , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/etiología , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/mortalidad , Evaluación de la Discapacidad , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Finlandia/epidemiología , Estudios de Seguimiento , Evaluación Geriátrica , Humanos , Estudios Longitudinales , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/complicaciones , Obesidad/mortalidad , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
9.
Phys Rev Lett ; 106(1): 017202, 2011 Jan 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21231770

RESUMEN

We determine the effective total spin J of local moments formed from acceptor states bound to Mn ions in GaAs by evaluating their magnetic Chern numbers. When individual Mn atoms are close to the sample surface, the total spin changes from J=1 to J=2, due to quenching of the acceptor orbital moment. For Mn pairs in bulk, the total J depends on pair orientation in the GaAs lattice and on the separation between the Mn atoms. We point out that Berry curvature variation as a function of local moment orientation can profoundly influence the quantum-spin dynamics of these magnetic entities.

10.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr ; 93: 104318, 2021.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33310658

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Previous studies of perceived ageism among older people have focused on younger age groups with the respondents' mean age far below 80. OBJECTIVE: To explore the perceptions of poor societal treatment of older people among home-dwelling people aged 75-100+ and how their perceptions are associated with demographic characteristics, health, functioning, and wellbeing. METHODS: In the Helsinki Aging Study, a random sample of 2,917 home-dwelling people aged 75-104 received a postal questionnaire inquiring about their health, wellbeing and experiences. The response rate was 74%. We asked: 'How in your opinion are older people treated in Finland?' (well/moderately/poorly) and categorized the respondents according to their responses. A multivariable forward stepwise ordered logistic regression model was used to determine the independent associations of the variables on the ordinal level of perceptions of treatment. RESULTS: Of the participants, 1,653 responded to the index item. Of these, only 13% thought that older people are treated well in society, and 66% and 21% were of the opinion that older people are treated moderately or poorly in society, respectively. Perceived poor societal treatment was more common among women, the younger respondents, and those with lower incomes, as well as family caregivers and those with lower self-rated health and lower psychological wellbeing. Those who were able to walk outside unassisted and those with a regular hobby perceived poor societal treatment more often. CONCLUSIONS: Several demographic factors, self-rated health, psychological wellbeing and better functioning were associated with perceptions of poor treatment among the oldest-old.


Asunto(s)
Ageísmo , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Envejecimiento , Cuidadores , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Finlandia , Humanos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
11.
J Nutr Health Aging ; 25(5): 611-617, 2021.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33949627

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: To study the prevalence of frailty and its relationship to mortality in cohorts born before and after the Second World War using three different frailty measures. METHODS: Cross-sectional data from two cohorts born in 1935 (n=593) and 1945 (n=714) were studied for frailty at the mean age of 70.7 (SD 1.8) years. Frailty was measured using the Frailty Phenotype (FP), the Frail Scale (FS) and the 74-item Frailty Index (FI>0.21 denoted frailty). Information on socioeconomic factors was obtained via a study questionnaire and the data on mortality were obtained from the Population Information System. RESULTS: The prevalence of frailty by FI was more common in the older 1935 cohort than in the 1945 cohort (p<0.001). The percentage of robust subjects was higher in both sexes in the 1945 cohort using both FI and FS. After adjusting for sociodemographic factors, the difference in the prevalence of frailty between the cohorts remained significant in women only (OR 1.9 (95% CI 1.3-2.9), p=0.001). The FI classified people as frail more often (30.2% in the 1935 cohort and 17.5% in the 1945 cohort) than the FS (13.1% and 8.8%) or FP (1.8% and 1.6%). Low financial satisfaction was associated significantly with frailty in both sexes. Low level of education was associated with frailty in women and being unmarried or divorced in men. Frailty was associated to increased mortality using all frailty definitions in the 1935 cohort with a longer follow-up time. CONCLUSIONS: Improved living conditions and health care may have resulted in the lower prevalence of frailty in the 1945 cohort. The present study further strengthens the association between frailty and mortality and poor economic status and frailty. Frailty definitions are in need of further study.


Asunto(s)
Fragilidad , Anciano , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Finlandia/epidemiología , Anciano Frágil , Fragilidad/epidemiología , Evaluación Geriátrica , Humanos , Masculino , Prevalencia , Segunda Guerra Mundial
12.
J Nutr Health Aging ; 25(3): 330-334, 2021.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33575724

RESUMEN

IMPORTANCE: Over half of outpatient visits are due to physical symptoms; yet, the significance of symptoms in relation to older people's wellbeing and prognosis has gained very little research attention. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to analyze the prognostic value of symptom burden, derived from symptom count and frequency, in an older cohort aged 75 to 95. We also explore the association between symptom burden and psychological wellbeing. DESIGN: Randomly assigned cohorts of community-dwelling people aged 75-95 filled in the postal questionnaire of the Helsinki Aging Study in 2009. SETTING: Community-based, postal questionnaires (survey response rate 74%). PARTICIPANTS: 1583 community-dwelling people aged 75-95 in the urban Helsinki area. Main outcomes and measures: The inquired symptoms were dizziness, back pain, joint pain, chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, leg pain when walking, loss of appetite, and urinary incontinence. Symptom burden was calculated according to the number of symptoms and their frequency (score range: 0-8). The participants were subdivided into four groups according to their symptom burden. Mortality data was extracted from the Finnish Population Register in 2014. Psychological wellbeing (PWB) was measured using the validated PWB score. RESULTS: Of 1583 participants, 18% reported no symptoms over the past 2 weeks (Group 0), 31% scored 0.5-1 in the symptom burden score (Group 1), 23% scored 1.5-2 (Group 2), and 28% scored 2.5-8 (Group 3). There was a linear relationship between symptom burden and comorbidities, functional status, falls, and PWB. The groups showed a significant difference in 5-year mortality, even adjusted for age, sex, and comorbidities: Group 1 1.18, 95% CI 0.84-1.66; Group 2 1.63, 95% CI 1.15-2.31, and Group 3 2.08, 95% CI 1.49-2.91 compared to Group 0 (p for linearity <0.001). Conclusion and relevance: Symptom burden is associated with higher mortality and lower PWB independent of comorbidities in community-dwelling people aged 75-95. We conclude that somatic symptoms need to be assessed when examining the general health status of an aging patient. Self-reported symptoms seem to convey information about health that cannot be derived from medical diagnoses only.


Asunto(s)
Salud Mental/normas , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Envejecimiento , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Mortalidad
13.
Drugs Aging ; 38(10): 931-937, 2021 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34386937

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Pain is undertreated in older populations. At the same time, increased use of opioids is of concern in the Western world. AIMS: We sought to analyze temporal trends in musculoskeletal pain and prescribed analgesic treatment among community-dwelling people aged 75-95 years using cross-sectional cohort data spanning 20 years. METHODS: The Helsinki Aging Study recruited random samples of people aged 75, 80, 85, 90, and 95 years in 1999, 2009, and 2019. In total, 5707 community-dwelling persons participated in the study. The participants reported their medical diagnoses, regular prescription medications, and the presence of back pain or joint pain within the last 2 weeks (never, sometimes, or daily). We compared analgesic use among participants reporting and not reporting musculoskeletal pain in 1999, 2009, and 2019. RESULTS: Of the participants, 57-61% reported intermittent or daily musculoskeletal pain. The percentage receiving a prescribed daily analgesic increased from 9% in 1999 to 16% in 2019. The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) decreased from 1999 to 2019, while the use of paracetamol increased from 2 to 11%. Opioids were taken by 2% in 1999 and 3% in 2019. Of those reporting daily musculoskeletal pain, 20%, 35%, and 32% received regular pain medication in 1999, 2009, and 2019, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Pain remains undertreated in the community-dwelling older population, although the use of regular prescribed analgesics increased between 1999 and 2019. The use of NSAIDs has decreased, while the use of paracetamol has increased. Daily opioid use has remained modest.


Asunto(s)
Dolor Musculoesquelético , Anciano , Analgésicos/uso terapéutico , Estudios Transversales , Humanos , Vida Independiente , Dolor Musculoesquelético/tratamiento farmacológico , Dolor Musculoesquelético/epidemiología , Prevalencia
14.
Eur Geriatr Med ; 12(2): 303-312, 2021 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33583000

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The "Sarcopenia and Physical Frailty in Older People: Multicomponent Treatment Strategies" (SPRINTT) project sponsored a multi-center randomized controlled trial (RCT) with the objective to determine the effect of physical activity and nutrition intervention for prevention of mobility disability in community-dwelling frail older Europeans. We describe here the design and feasibility of the SPRINTT nutrition intervention, including techniques used by nutrition interventionists to identify those at risk of malnutrition and to carry out the nutrition intervention. METHODS: SPRINTT RCT recruited older adults (≥ 70 years) from 11 European countries. Eligible participants (n = 1517) had functional limitations measured with Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB score 3-9) and low muscle mass as determined by DXA scans, but were able to walk 400 m without assistance within 15 min. Participants were followed up for up to 3 years. The nutrition intervention was carried out mainly by individual nutrition counseling. Nutrition goals included achieving a daily protein intake of 1.0-1.2 g/kg body weight, energy intake of 25-30 kcal/kg of body weight/day, and serum vitamin D concentration ≥ 75 mmol/L. Survey on the method strategies and feasibility of the nutrition intervention was sent to all nutrition interventionists of the 16 SPRINTT study sites. RESULTS: Nutrition interventionists from all study sites responded to the survey. All responders found that the SPRINTT nutrition intervention was feasible for the target population, and it was well received by the majority. The identification of participants at nutritional risk was accomplished by combining information from interviews, questionnaires, clinical and laboratory data. Although the nutrition intervention was mainly carried out using individual nutritional counselling, other assisting methods were used as appropriate. CONCLUSION: The SPRINTT nutrition intervention was feasible and able to adapt flexibly to varying needs of this heterogeneous population. The procedures adopted to identify older adults at risk of malnutrition and to design the appropriate intervention may serve as a model to deliver nutrition intervention for community-dwelling older people with mobility limitations.


Asunto(s)
Fragilidad , Sarcopenia , Anciano , Ejercicio Físico , Estudios de Factibilidad , Humanos , Vida Independiente , Sarcopenia/epidemiología
15.
Exp Gerontol ; 142: 111105, 2020 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33031914

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Falls are associated with increased morbidity and mortality in older people. We examined how nutritional factors are associated with self-reported falls in the oldest-old community-dwelling men. METHODS: Participants of the longitudinal and socioeconomically homogenous Helsinki Businessmen Study are men born in 1919-1934. A cross-sectional analysis from a random sample of 122 home-living oldest-old men who underwent medical examinations in 2017-2018 is reported here. Food and nutrient intakes were retrieved from 3-day food diaries, and the number of falls during past year was requested in the screening questionnaire. Nutritional status was assessed using Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF) and waist circumference was measured. Body composition was assessed with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-scans, physical performance with short physical performance battery (SPPB), sarcopenia status using European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People's 2 (EWGSOP2) criteria, and frailty with phenotypic criteria. RESULTS: Mean age of participants was 87 years (range 83-99 years) and 30% reported at least one fall during past year. Falls were associated with higher waist circumference (p = .031), frailty (p < .001) and sarcopenia (p = .002), and inversely associated with SPPB total score (p = .002). Of nutritional factors, intakes of fish (p = .016), fish protein (p = .039), berry (p = .027) and vitamin D (p = .041), and snacking more protein between breakfast and lunch (p = .017) were inversely associated with falls. Red meat intake was associated with higher frequency of falls (p = .044). CONCLUSION: Higher waist circumference, but not body mass index, was associated with increased frequency of falls. Healthy dietary choices appeared protective from falls in these oldest-old men of similar socioeconomic status.


Asunto(s)
Evaluación Geriátrica , Sarcopenia , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Evaluación Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Sarcopenia/epidemiología
16.
Clin Nutr ; 39(12): 3839-3841, 2020 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32376097

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND & AIM: Sarcopenia is associated with increased risk for several adverse health outcomes including frailty, disability, loss of independence, and mortality. We examined cross-sectional associations between sarcopenia and detailed dietary macronutrient composition in community-living oldest-old men (mean age 87). METHODS: Participants were invited to a clinic visit in 2017/2018 including assessments of sarcopenia status using European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People's 2 (EWGSOP2) criteria and detailed macronutrient, vitamin D and food intakes retrieved from 3-day food diaries. RESULTS: Of the 126 participants, 48 had probable sarcopenia and 27 sarcopenia. Sarcopenia was associated with lower energy (p = 0.020), total protein (p = 0.019), plant (p = 0.008) and fish proteins (p = 0.041), total fat (p = 0.015), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) (p = 0.011), polyunsaturated fatty acids (p = 0.002), vitamin D intakes (p = 0.005) and, of fat quality indicators, MUFA: saturated fatty acid-ratio (p = 0.042). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that sufficient energy and protein intakes, but also fat quality may be important along with healthy dietary patterns for prevention of sarcopenia in the oldest-old.


Asunto(s)
Dieta/estadística & datos numéricos , Vida Independiente/estadística & datos numéricos , Nutrientes/análisis , Sarcopenia/epidemiología , Vitamina D/análisis , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Estudios Transversales , Dieta/efectos adversos , Encuestas sobre Dietas , Ingestión de Alimentos , Finlandia/epidemiología , Humanos , Masculino , Estado Nutricional , Sarcopenia/etiología
17.
Eur Geriatr Med ; 11(4): 699-704, 2020 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32444996

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: We explored how food and dietary intakes, protein daily distribution and source are associated with appendicular lean mass (ALM)/m2 of the oldest-old community-dwelling men. METHODS: Cross-sectional analyses of Helsinki Businessmen Study (HBS, mean age 87 years) participants who came to clinic visit in 2017/2018. Nutritional status, physical performance and fasting blood samples were measured. Food and dietary intakes were retrieved from 3-day food diaries. Body composition was measured and appendicular lean mass (ALM) per m2 was dichotomized as ALM/m2 < 7 kg/m2 and ≥ 7 kg/m2. Differences between lower and higher ALM were analyzed using t test or Mann-Whitney U test. Analysis of covariance was used to investigate independent associations with ALM/m2. RESULTS: Random sample of 130 participants took part in the medical examinations, 126 returned food diaries, and 102 underwent DXA-scan. ALM/m2 was associated with total protein (p = 0.033), animal protein (p = 0.043) and meat protein (p = 0.033) intakes. Protein distribution between daily meals differed at lunch; those with higher ALM/m2 ate more protein (p = .047) at lunch. Consumption of fruits, vegetables (p = 0.022) and meat (p = 0.006) was associated with ALM/m2. CONCLUSION: Protein intake, source and distribution as well fruit and vegetable intakes were associated with higher ALM in oldest-old men. STUDY REGISTRATION: The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02526082.


Asunto(s)
Composición Corporal , Dieta , Absorciometría de Fotón , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Estudios Transversales , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Estado Nutricional
18.
Acta Radiol ; 50(3): 320-6, 2009 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19229678

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder, causing an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) if untreated. Silent brain infarctions and white matter hyperintensities (WMHIs) observed on T2-weighted magnetic resonance images (MRI) are associated with increased risk for stroke and myocardial infarction. Age is a strong predictor of WMHIs. PURPOSE: To use MRI to assess the presence of clinically silent brain lesions in older FH patients, and to compare the occurrence and size of these lesions in older FH patients with middle-aged FH patients and healthy controls. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 43 older (age >or= 65 years) FH patients with the same FH North Karelia mutation, living in Finland, were identified. In this comprehensive cohort, 1.5 T brain MRI was available for 33 individuals (age 65-84 years, M/F 9/24, mean duration of statin treatment 15.3 years). This group was divided into two age categories: 65-74 years (FHe1 group, n=23) and 75-84 years (FHe2 group, n=10). Infarcts, including lacunas, and WMHIs on T2-weighted images were recorded. Data from brain MRI were compared to those of a group of middle-aged FH patients with CHD (n=19, age 48-64 years) and with middle-aged healthy controls (n=29, age 49-63 years). RESULTS: Only two (6%) of the older FH patients had clinically silent brain infarcts detected by MRI. The amount of large WMHIs (>5 mm in diameter) was similar in the FHe1 group compared with the groups of middle-aged FH patients and healthy controls, even though the FHe1 group was 13 years older. The total amount of WMHIs and the amount of large WMHIs were greatest in the FHe2 group. CONCLUSION: FH patients aged 65 to 74 years receiving long-term statin treatment (15 years) did not have more WMHIs on brain MRI compared to middle-aged FH patients and healthy controls.


Asunto(s)
Infarto Cerebral/diagnóstico , Hiperlipoproteinemia Tipo II/diagnóstico , Hiperlipoproteinemia Tipo II/genética , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Encéfalo/patología , Estudios de Cohortes , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Tamización de Portadores Genéticos , Humanos , Inhibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Reductasas/uso terapéutico , Hiperlipoproteinemia Tipo II/tratamiento farmacológico , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Receptores de LDL/genética , Valores de Referencia
19.
J Nutr Health Aging ; 23(1): 60-62, 2019.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30569069

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Self-perception of economic means may affect dietary choices, diet quality, and health behavior. We examined these associations in the oldest-old men from the highest socioeconomic class. METHODS: The participants in this cross-sectional analysis were the oldest- old home-dwelling men (n = 314, mean age 87 years, range 82-97 years) from the longitudinal Helsinki Businessmen Study cohort. They responded to a postal health and nutrition questionnaire, whereupon dietary intakes were assessed using 3-day food diaries and two diet quality indices. The questionnaire also included items about health, exercise, falls, and economic means. RESULTS: Higher self-perception of economic means was linearly associated with higher fish intake (p = 0.021), fruit and vegetable intakes (p = 0.027), use of alcohol (p = 0.003), overall diet quality according to IDQ (p = 0.008), self-perceived physical condition (p = 0.002) and inversely associated with body weight (p = 0.011), weight loss (p = 0.008), blood glucose levels (p = 0.020), and falls (p = 0.029). CONCLUSION: Self-perception of economic means was associated with dietary choices and physical health even among affluent older men. This information is important, because self-perception of economic means, however real, may affect health and nutrition behavior of older people.


Asunto(s)
Dieta/economía , Conductas Relacionadas con la Salud/fisiología , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Estudios de Cohortes , Estudios Transversales , Humanos , Estudios Longitudinales , Masculino , Autoimagen , Factores Socioeconómicos
20.
J Nutr Health Aging ; 23(10): 916-922, 2019.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31781719

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: Sarcopenia is associated with poor health outcomes. We examined the relative roles of muscle mass, strength, physical performance and obesity as health predictors among older sarcopenic people. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: This prospective study examined community-dwelling people aged 75+ (N=262). SETTING: Porvoo Sarcopenia and Nutrition Trial. MEASUREMENTS: We collected demographic data and medical history by postal questionnaire including RAND-36 at baseline and at four years and measured BMI, Short Physical Performace Battery (SPPB), hand-grip strength, cognition and two surrogate measures of muscle mass; the Single Frequency Skeletal Muscle Index (SF-SMI) and the Calf Intracellular Resistance Skeletal Muscle Index (CRi-SMI). RESULTS: Adjusted for age and gender, independent outdoors mobility was predicted positively by baseline physical functioning scores in RAND-36 (p<0.001), the SPPB (p<0.001), the two-minute step test (p<0.001), and grip strength (p=0.023), as well as CRi-SMI (p<0.001). However, the prediction was negative in BMI (p<0.001) and the Charlson co-morbidity Index (p= 0.004). Similar associations were found when the physical component RAND-36 was used as an outcome measure. The use of home care was predicted by high co-morbidity (p=0.057) and low scores in RAND-36 (p<0.001), SPPB (p<0.001) and the two-minute step test (p<0.001), and low CRi-SMI (p<0.001). CRi-SF was a more consistent predictor than SF-SMI, which was partly masked by BMI. Controlled for age, gender and comorbidity, a 10% difference in CRi-SMI was associated with a 4% higher probability (p=0.019) of independently living at home, whereas the respective figures for SF-SMI and BMI were -18% (p=0.098) and -14% (p=0.088). CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to SF-SMI, high CRi-SMI appeared to indicate good prognosis and less need of care, independently of BMI.


Asunto(s)
Evaluación Geriátrica/métodos , Sarcopenia/complicaciones , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Vida Independiente , Masculino , Estudios Prospectivos , Sarcopenia/fisiopatología
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