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1.
N Engl J Med ; 382(24): 2327-2336, 2020 06 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32275812

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Remdesivir, a nucleotide analogue prodrug that inhibits viral RNA polymerases, has shown in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: We provided remdesivir on a compassionate-use basis to patients hospitalized with Covid-19, the illness caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2. Patients were those with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who had an oxygen saturation of 94% or less while they were breathing ambient air or who were receiving oxygen support. Patients received a 10-day course of remdesivir, consisting of 200 mg administered intravenously on day 1, followed by 100 mg daily for the remaining 9 days of treatment. This report is based on data from patients who received remdesivir during the period from January 25, 2020, through March 7, 2020, and have clinical data for at least 1 subsequent day. RESULTS: Of the 61 patients who received at least one dose of remdesivir, data from 8 could not be analyzed (including 7 patients with no post-treatment data and 1 with a dosing error). Of the 53 patients whose data were analyzed, 22 were in the United States, 22 in Europe or Canada, and 9 in Japan. At baseline, 30 patients (57%) were receiving mechanical ventilation and 4 (8%) were receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. During a median follow-up of 18 days, 36 patients (68%) had an improvement in oxygen-support class, including 17 of 30 patients (57%) receiving mechanical ventilation who were extubated. A total of 25 patients (47%) were discharged, and 7 patients (13%) died; mortality was 18% (6 of 34) among patients receiving invasive ventilation and 5% (1 of 19) among those not receiving invasive ventilation. CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort of patients hospitalized for severe Covid-19 who were treated with compassionate-use remdesivir, clinical improvement was observed in 36 of 53 patients (68%). Measurement of efficacy will require ongoing randomized, placebo-controlled trials of remdesivir therapy. (Funded by Gilead Sciences.).


Asunto(s)
Adenosina Monofosfato/análogos & derivados , Alanina/análogos & derivados , Antivirales/uso terapéutico , Ensayos de Uso Compasivo , Infecciones por Coronavirus/tratamiento farmacológico , Neumonía Viral/tratamiento farmacológico , Adenosina Monofosfato/efectos adversos , Adenosina Monofosfato/uso terapéutico , Administración Intravenosa , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Alanina/efectos adversos , Alanina/uso terapéutico , Antivirales/efectos adversos , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Canadá , Infecciones por Coronavirus/mortalidad , Europa (Continente) , Femenino , Humanos , Japón , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pandemias , Neumonía Viral/mortalidad , Respiración Artificial , SARS-CoV-2 , Estados Unidos , Adulto Joven , Tratamiento Farmacológico de COVID-19
2.
Clin Infect Dis ; 52(1): e1-6, 2011 Jan 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21148508

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: A review of published cases, in addition to a recently treated patient, is presented that describes the clinical features and outcomes of triazole therapy for vertebral aspergillosis in immunocompetent patients. METHODS: Using the Medline database, cases of vertebral aspergillosis in immunocompetent patients treated with triazole were reviewed. Clinical and radiological findings, therapeutic interventions, and outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS.: Twenty-one cases of vertebral aspergillosis treated with itraconazole or voriconazole were identified. Most cases were caused by Aspergillus fumigatus. The most common presenting symptom was back pain. The majority of cases were acquired by hematogenous infection, although one-quarter occurred after a spinal procedure. Most patients were treated successfully with a combination of antifungal therapy and surgery. Patients presenting with paraplegia had a poor outcome. The overall mortality rate was 20%. CONCLUSIONS: This report extends the information on invasive aspergillosis in immunocompetent patients and supports the conclusion that triazole therapy should be considered for this serious infection.


Asunto(s)
Aspergilosis/diagnóstico , Aspergillus fumigatus/aislamiento & purificación , Osteomielitis/microbiología , Osteomielitis/patología , Espondilitis/microbiología , Espondilitis/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico , Aspergilosis/microbiología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Resultado del Tratamiento , Triazoles/uso terapéutico
3.
Sex Transm Dis ; 38(9): 876-8, 2011 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21844745

RESUMEN

A review of published cases and a recently managed patient is presented, which describes the clinical features of cytomegalovirus proctitis. About half of the reports describe sexually transmitted cytomegalovirus proctitis following anal intercourse, which typically presents with rectal bleeding and a mononucleosis-like syndrome. This condition resolves spontaneously and may be associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Citomegalovirus/diagnóstico , Citomegalovirus/aislamiento & purificación , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/diagnóstico , Proctitis/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual/diagnóstico , Citomegalovirus/inmunología , Infecciones por Citomegalovirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Citomegalovirus/virología , Fiebre , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/complicaciones , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/virología , Homosexualidad Masculina , Humanos , Masculino , Proctitis/complicaciones , Proctitis/virología , Recto/virología , Conducta Sexual , Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual/complicaciones , Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual/virología , Adulto Joven
4.
Open Forum Infect Dis ; 5(11): ofy286, 2018 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30515429

RESUMEN

A 30-year-old woman presenting with hemoptysis followed by acute respiratory distress developed a diagnostic pulmonary radiographic finding, called the sign of the camalote, indicative of ruptured hydatid cyst. Her computed tomography scan demonstrated the characteristic detached parasitic membrane floating on cystic fluid, reminiscent of Amazonian camalote leaves. She was managed successfully surgically. Ruptured hydatid cysts may present as a diagnostic challenge, in which the sign of the camalote may provide an important clue for this serious complication.

5.
Heart Lung ; 47(3): 261-263, 2018.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29622277

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Severe coccidioidal pneumonia with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high mortality. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been applied successfully to other severe fungal pneumonia associated with ARDS. We review our experience with the use of ECMO in severe coccidioidal ARDS. OBJECTIVES: To review indications and outcome of ECMO in severe pulmonary coccidioidomycosis. METHODS: Three cases of severe ARDS caused by coccidioidomycosis are presented. All were managed with ECMO. Clinical course, complications, antifungal therapy and outcome are reviewed. RESULTS: Three cases of severe coccidioidal ARDS survived after treatment with ECMO. Common complications included bacterial pneumonia, encephalopathy and critical illness myopathy. They received liposomal amphotericin during ECMO, and transitioned to azole therapy. All required prolonged hospitalization and rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS: ECMO was life-saving in cases of coccidioidal ARDS. Common complications included pneumonia, encephalopathy and critical illness myopathy. All cases were successfully managed with liposomal amphotericin followed by azole therapy. They required prolonged hospitalization and rehabilitation.


Asunto(s)
Coccidioidomicosis , Oxigenación por Membrana Extracorpórea , Enfermedades Pulmonares Fúngicas , Síndrome de Dificultad Respiratoria , Coccidioidomicosis/epidemiología , Coccidioidomicosis/mortalidad , Coccidioidomicosis/terapia , Humanos , Enfermedades Pulmonares Fúngicas/epidemiología , Enfermedades Pulmonares Fúngicas/mortalidad , Enfermedades Pulmonares Fúngicas/terapia , Síndrome de Dificultad Respiratoria/epidemiología , Síndrome de Dificultad Respiratoria/mortalidad , Síndrome de Dificultad Respiratoria/terapia
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