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1.
Plant Physiol ; 194(2): 1166-1180, 2024 Jan 31.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37878763

RESUMEN

Calcium (Ca2+) is a major ion in living organisms, where it acts as a second messenger for various biological phenomena. The Golgi apparatus retains a higher Ca2+ concentration than the cytosol and returns cytosolic Ca2+ to basal levels after transient elevation in response to environmental stimuli such as osmotic stress. However, the Ca2+ transporters localized in the Golgi apparatus of plants have not been clarified. We previously found that a wild-type (WT) salt-tolerant Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) accession, Bu-5, showed osmotic tolerance after salt acclimatization, whereas the Col-0 WT did not. Here, we isolated a Bu-5 background mutant gene, acquired osmotolerance-defective 6 (aod6), which reduces tolerance to osmotic, salt, and oxidative stresses, with a smaller plant size than the WT. The causal gene of the aod6 mutant encodes CATION CALCIUM EXCHANGER4 (CCX4). The aod6 mutant was more sensitive than the WT to both deficient and excessive Ca2+. In addition, aod6 accumulated higher Ca2+ than the WT in the shoots, suggesting that Ca2+ homeostasis is disturbed in aod6. CCX4 expression suppressed the Ca2+ hypersensitivity of the csg2 (calcium sensitive growth 2) yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) mutant under excess CaCl2 conditions. We also found that aod6 enhanced MAP kinase 3/6 (MPK3/6)-mediated immune responses under osmotic stress. Subcellular localization analysis of mGFP-CCX4 showed GFP signals adjacent to the trans-Golgi apparatus network and co-localization with Golgi apparatus-localized markers, suggesting that CCX4 localizes in the Golgi apparatus. These results suggest that CCX4 is a Golgi apparatus-localized transporter involved in the Ca2+ response and plays important roles in osmotic tolerance, shoot Ca2+ content, and normal growth of Arabidopsis.


Asunto(s)
Proteínas de Arabidopsis , Arabidopsis , Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Calcio/metabolismo , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/genética , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Aparato de Golgi/metabolismo , Red trans-Golgi/metabolismo , Proteínas de Transporte de Membrana/metabolismo , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolismo
2.
Cell Mol Life Sci ; 81(1): 425, 2024 Oct 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39369131

RESUMEN

Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) reside in the epithelial layer and protect against foreign pathogens, maintaining the epithelial barrier function in the intestine. Interactions between IEL and epithelial cells are required for IELs to function effectively; however, the underlying molecular machinery remains to be elucidated. In this study, we found that intestinal epithelium-specific deficiency of the clathrin adaptor protein (AP)-1B, which regulates basolateral protein sorting, led to a massive reduction in IELs. Quantitative proteomics demonstrated that dozens of proteins, including known IEL-interacting proteins (E-cadherin, butyrophilin-like 2, and plexin B2), were decreased in the basolateral membrane of AP-1B-deficient epithelial cells. Among these proteins, CD166 interacted with CD6 on the surface of induced IEL. CD166 knockdown, using shRNA in intestinal organoid cultures, significantly inhibited IEL recruitment to the epithelial layer. These findings highlight the essential role of AP-1B-mediated basolateral sorting in IEL maintenance and survival within the epithelial layer. This study reveals a novel function of AP-1B in the intestinal immune system.


Asunto(s)
Complejo 1 de Proteína Adaptadora , Antígenos CD , Células Epiteliales , Mucosa Intestinal , Linfocitos Intraepiteliales , Animales , Ratones , Complejo 1 de Proteína Adaptadora/metabolismo , Complejo 1 de Proteína Adaptadora/genética , Antígenos CD/metabolismo , Antígenos CD/genética , Moléculas de Adhesión Celular Neuronal/metabolismo , Moléculas de Adhesión Celular Neuronal/genética , Comunicación Celular , Células Epiteliales/metabolismo , Células Epiteliales/inmunología , Mucosa Intestinal/metabolismo , Mucosa Intestinal/inmunología , Mucosa Intestinal/citología , Intestinos/citología , Intestinos/inmunología , Linfocitos Intraepiteliales/metabolismo , Linfocitos Intraepiteliales/inmunología , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL
3.
Br J Haematol ; 204(4): 1279-1287, 2024 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38131400

RESUMEN

Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL) is a rare subtype of malignant lymphoma with a poor prognosis because of high frequency of central nervous system (CNS) progression. Identification of factors associated with CNS progression is essential to improve the prognosis of patients with PVRL. We conducted a retrospective study of 54 patients diagnosed with PVRL and treated at our hospital to identify factors associated with CNS progression and prognosis. All patients were treated with intravitreal methotrexate (MTX) injections in the affected eyes until lesion resolution. Twenty-four patients were treated with systemic administration of high-dose MTX (systemic HD-MTX) every other week for a total of five cycles following intravitreal MTX injection. Of 24 patients, 20 completed five cycles of systemic HD-MTX. The 5-year cumulative incidence of CNS progression and overall survival (OS) rate were 78.0% and 69.0% respectively. By univariate and multivariate analyses, bilateral disease and the detection of B-cell clonality confirmed by flow cytometric analysis were risk factors associated with CNS progression. Moreover, systemic HD-MTX completion reduced the risk of CNS progression and was identified as a factor affecting OS. In this study, factors for CNS progression identified may potentially contribute to the optimized therapeutic stratification to improve the survival of patients with PVRL.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias del Sistema Nervioso Central , Linfoma , Neoplasias de la Retina , Humanos , Neoplasias de la Retina/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias de la Retina/patología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Cuerpo Vítreo/patología , Linfoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Sistema Nervioso Central/patología , Metotrexato
4.
J Clin Immunol ; 44(6): 126, 2024 May 22.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38773000

RESUMEN

Alemtuzumab is used with reduced-toxicity conditioning (RTC) in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), demonstrating efficacy and feasibility for patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) in Western countries; however, the clinical experience in Asian patients with IEI is limited. We retrospectively analyzed patients with IEI who underwent the first allogeneic HCT with alemtuzumab combined with RTC regimens in Japan. A total of 19 patients were included and followed up for a median of 18 months. The donors were haploidentical parents (n = 10), matched siblings (n = 2), and unrelated bone marrow donors (n = 7). Most patients received RTC regimens containing fludarabine and busulfan and were treated with 0.8 mg/kg alemtuzumab with intermediate timing. Eighteen patients survived and achieved stable engraftment, and no grade 3-4 acute graft-versus-host disease was observed. Viral infections were observed in 11 patients (58%) and 6 of them presented symptomatic. The median CD4+ T cell count was low at 6 months (241/µL) but improved at 1 year (577/µL) after HCT. Whole blood cells continued to exhibit > 80% donor type in most cases; however, 3/10 patients exhibited poor donor chimerism only among T cells and also showed undetectable levels of T-cell receptor recombination excision circles (TRECs) at 1 year post-HCT. This study demonstrated the efficacy and safety of alemtuzumab; however, patients frequently developed viral infections and slow reconstitution or low donor chimerism in T cells, emphasizing the importance of monitoring viral status and T-cell-specific chimerism. (238 < 250 words).


Asunto(s)
Alemtuzumab , Enfermedad Injerto contra Huésped , Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas , Acondicionamiento Pretrasplante , Trasplante Homólogo , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Alemtuzumab/uso terapéutico , Pueblo Asiatico , Enfermedad Injerto contra Huésped/etiología , Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas/métodos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Acondicionamiento Pretrasplante/métodos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Japón , Enfermedades del Sistema Inmune/genética
5.
Plant Physiol ; 192(4): 3017-3029, 2023 08 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37195199

RESUMEN

Broad-spectrum herbicide resistance (BSHR), often linked to weeds with metabolism-based herbicide resistance, poses a threat to food production. Past studies have revealed that overexpression of catalytically promiscuous enzymes explains BSHR in some weeds; however, the mechanism of BSHR expression remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated the molecular basis of high-level resistance to diclofop-methyl in BSHR late watergrass (Echinochloa phyllopogon) found in the United States, which cannot be solely explained by the overexpression of promiscuous cytochrome P450 monooxygenases CYP81A12/21. The BSHR late watergrass line rapidly produced 2 distinct hydroxylated diclofop acids, only 1 of which was the major metabolite produced by CYP81A12/21. RNA-seq and subsequent reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR)-based segregation screening identified the transcriptionally linked overexpression of a gene, CYP709C69, with CYP81A12/21 in the BSHR line. The gene conferred diclofop-methyl resistance in plants and produced another hydroxylated diclofop acid in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Unlike CYP81A12/21, CYP709C69 showed no other herbicide-metabolizing function except for a presumed clomazone-activating function. The overexpression of the 3 herbicide-metabolizing genes was also identified in another BSHR late watergrass in Japan, suggesting a convergence of BSHR evolution at the molecular level. Synteny analysis of the P450 genes implied that they are located at mutually independent loci, which supports the idea that a single trans-element regulates the 3 genes. We propose that transcriptionally linked simultaneous overexpression of herbicide-metabolizing genes enhances and broadens the metabolic resistance in weeds. The convergence of the complex mechanism in BSHR late watergrass from 2 countries suggests that BSHR evolved through co-opting a conserved gene regulatory system in late watergrass.


Asunto(s)
Sistema Enzimático del Citocromo P-450 , Herbicidas , Sistema Enzimático del Citocromo P-450/genética , Sistema Enzimático del Citocromo P-450/metabolismo , Resistencia a los Herbicidas/genética , Herbicidas/farmacología , Éteres Difenilos Halogenados , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolismo
6.
Ann Hematol ; 103(5): 1737-1744, 2024 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38509389

RESUMEN

Although it is known that BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) causes hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), the clinical significance of BKPyV viremia has not been fully evaluated. We retrospectively analyzed the results of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) evaluations for detecting BKPyV in the whole blood samples of patients undergoing allogeneic HSCT during the period from January 2010 to June 2020 at a single institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University. BKPyV was detected in the blood of 28 of the 107 evaluated patients, and the cumulative incidence of was 27.9% (95%CI: 20.2-37.9%). HC due to BKPyV developed in four of the 28 patients with BKPyV viremia (14.3%) and in two of the 79 patients without it (2.5%; P < 0.05). BKPyV viremia itself did not affect the patients' post-transplant estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), but BKPyV viremia with a high viral load was significantly associated with decreased eGFR values (P < 0.05). BKPyV viremia was also associated with significantly lower progression-free survival at 3 years (35.1% [95%CI: 17.8-53.1%] vs. 60.4% [95%CI: 48.4-70.5], P < 0.05). Our findings demonstrated that BKPyV viremia was associated with onset of HC, an early decline of renal function, and poorer survival after allogeneic HSCT. Further studies are needed to test these results and elucidate the mechanisms of renal dysfunction associated with BKPyV viremia.


Asunto(s)
Virus BK , Cistitis Hemorrágica , Cistitis , Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas , Infecciones por Polyomavirus , Infecciones Tumorales por Virus , Humanos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Viremia/complicaciones , Infecciones por Polyomavirus/complicaciones , Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas/efectos adversos , Infecciones Tumorales por Virus/epidemiología
7.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 118(30)2021 07 27.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34290141

RESUMEN

"Taste-like" tuft cells in the intestine trigger type 2 immunity in response to worm infection. The secretion of interleukin-13 (IL-13) from type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) represents a key step in the tuft cell-ILC2 cell-intestinal epithelial cell circuit that drives the clearance of worms from the gut via type 2 immune responses. Hallmark features of type 2 responses include tissue remodeling, such as tuft and goblet cell expansion, and villus atrophy, yet it remains unclear if additional molecular changes in the gut epithelium facilitate the clearance of worms from the gut. Using gut organoids, we demonstrated that IL-4 and IL-13, two type 2 cytokines with similar functions, not only induced the classical type 2 responses (e.g., tuft cell expansion) but also drastically up-regulated the expression of gasdermin C genes (Gsdmcs). Using an in vivo worm-induced type 2 immunity model, we confirmed the up-regulation of Gsdmcs in Nippostrongylus brasiliensis-infected wild-type C57BL/6 mice. Consistent with gasdermin family members being principal effectors of pyroptosis, overexpression of Gsdmc2 in human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells triggered pyroptosis and lytic cell death. Moreover, in intestinal organoids treated with IL-4 or IL-13, or in wild-type mice infected with N. brasiliensis, lytic cell death increased, which may account for villus atrophy observed in worm-infected mice. Thus, we propose that the up-regulated Gsdmc family may be major effectors for type 2 responses in the gut and that Gsdmc-mediated pyroptosis may provide a conduit for the release of antiparasitic factors from enterocytes to facilitate the clearance of worms.


Asunto(s)
Muerte Celular , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/metabolismo , Enterocitos/patología , Inmunidad Innata/inmunología , Intestino Delgado/patología , Infecciones por Strongylida/complicaciones , Células Th2/inmunología , Animales , Proliferación Celular , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/genética , Enterocitos/inmunología , Enterocitos/metabolismo , Enterocitos/parasitología , Femenino , Interleucina-13/metabolismo , Interleucina-4/metabolismo , Intestino Delgado/inmunología , Intestino Delgado/metabolismo , Intestino Delgado/parasitología , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Nippostrongylus/fisiología , Transducción de Señal , Infecciones por Strongylida/inmunología , Infecciones por Strongylida/metabolismo , Infecciones por Strongylida/parasitología
8.
Rinsho Ketsueki ; 65(3): 158-163, 2024.
Artículo en Japonés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38569859

RESUMEN

Although alectinib is effective for relapsed or refractory ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and has a favorable safety profile, its role as a bridging therapy for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and the role of allo-HSCT itself in this setting are unknown. A 35-year-old man with ALK-positive ALCL experienced relapse after first-line therapy with CHOP. Brentuximab vedotin led to partial response and high-dose chemotherapy combined with autologous HSCT was performed. However, disease progressed 15 months after transplantation, and alectinib was initiated. Complete response (CR) was achieved after three months of treatment, and alectinib was continued for 5 months. After cessation of alectinib, allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from an HLA 1-locus mismatched unrelated donor was performed after conditioning with fludarabine, busulfan, and total body irradiation. GVHD prophylaxis consisted of tacrolimus and short-term methotrexate. The post-transplant course was unremarkable except for grade I acute GVHD. The lymphoma has not recurred for 2 years after allo-HSCT without resuming alectinib. The clinical course of our case suggests that alectinib bridging therapy and allo-HSCT are effective in relapsed/refractory ALK-positive ALCL.


Asunto(s)
Carbazoles , Enfermedad Injerto contra Huésped , Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas , Linfoma Anaplásico de Células Grandes , Piperidinas , Masculino , Humanos , Adulto , Linfoma Anaplásico de Células Grandes/terapia , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia , Proteínas Tirosina Quinasas Receptoras/uso terapéutico
9.
J Biol Chem ; 298(8): 102109, 2022 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35679897

RESUMEN

Collagenase from the gram-negative bacterium Grimontia hollisae strain 1706B (Ghcol) degrades collagen more efficiently even than clostridial collagenase, the most widely used industrial collagenase. However, the structural determinants facilitating this efficiency are unclear. Here, we report the crystal structures of ligand-free and Gly-Pro-hydroxyproline (Hyp)-complexed Ghcol at 2.2 and 2.4 Å resolution, respectively. These structures revealed that the activator and peptidase domains in Ghcol form a saddle-shaped structure with one zinc ion and four calcium ions. In addition, the activator domain comprises two homologous subdomains, whereas zinc-bound water was observed in the ligand-free Ghcol. In the ligand-complexed Ghcol, we found two Gly-Pro-Hyp molecules, each bind at the active site and at two surfaces on the duplicate subdomains of the activator domain facing the active site, and the nucleophilic water is replaced by the carboxyl oxygen of Hyp at the P1 position. Furthermore, all Gly-Pro-Hyp molecules bound to Ghcol have almost the same conformation as Pro-Pro-Gly motif in model collagen (Pro-Pro-Gly)10, suggesting these three sites contribute to the unwinding of the collagen triple helix. A comparison of activities revealed that Ghcol exhibits broader substrate specificity than clostridial collagenase at the P2 and P2' positions, which may be attributed to the larger space available for substrate binding at the S2 and S2' sites in Ghcol. Analysis of variants of three active-site Tyr residues revealed that mutation of Tyr564 affected catalysis, whereas mutation of Tyr476 or Tyr555 affected substrate recognition. These results provide insights into the substrate specificity and mechanism of G. hollisae collagenase.


Asunto(s)
Proteínas Bacterianas , Colágeno , Colagenasas , Vibrionaceae , Proteínas Bacterianas/química , Colágeno/química , Colagenasas/química , Hidroxiprolina/química , Especificidad por Sustrato , Vibrionaceae/enzimología , Agua/química , Zinc/química
10.
Cancer Sci ; 114(9): 3719-3727, 2023 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37365854

RESUMEN

Methotrexate (MTX)-associated lymphoproliferative disorder (MTX-LPD) is a troublesome problem in patients receiving MTX for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, its incidence, prognosis, and risk factors remain unclear. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the actual incidence, prognostic impact, and risk factors of MTX-LPD. Of the 986 patients with RA treated with MTX, 90 patients experienced 95 new malignancies (NMs), with LPD as the most frequent in 26 patients. The cumulative LPD incidences were 1.3% and 4.7% at 5 and 10 years after MTX initiation, respectively. Among the 24 patients who discontinued MTX after developing LPD, 15 showed sustained regression, without difference in overall survival between patients with LPD and without NM. Inflammatory markers and absolute lymphocyte counts were not useful for early LPD development detection, but most of the patients with LPD had persistently elevated erythrocyte sedimentation ratios. Regarding concomitant drugs, tacrolimus increased the risk only if patients were not receiving biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs). bDMARDs did not increase the risk for any of the drugs or the number of classes used. The number of LPD cases was lower in patients with IL-6A even after a long period after MTX, although with no statistically significant difference. Thus, approximately 1 in 20 patients with RA developed MTX-LPD over the 10 years of MTX treatment, but it did not affect the survival of patients with RA. Tacrolimus increased the risk of developing LPD for certain patients and should be used with caution.


Asunto(s)
Antirreumáticos , Artritis Reumatoide , Trastornos Linfoproliferativos , Humanos , Metotrexato/efectos adversos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tacrolimus/uso terapéutico , Artritis Reumatoide/tratamiento farmacológico , Artritis Reumatoide/inducido químicamente , Artritis Reumatoide/complicaciones , Antirreumáticos/efectos adversos , Trastornos Linfoproliferativos/inducido químicamente , Trastornos Linfoproliferativos/epidemiología
11.
Plant Physiol ; 189(4): 2210-2226, 2022 08 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35556145

RESUMEN

At the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth in rice (Oryza sativa), a developmental program change occurs, resulting in panicle (rice inflorescence) formation. The initial event of the transition is the change of the shoot apical meristem to an inflorescence meristem (IM), accompanied by a rapid increase in the meristem size. Suppression of leaf growth also occurs, resulting in the formation of bracts. The IM generates branch meristems (BMs), indeterminate meristems that reiteratively generate next-order meristems. All meristems eventually acquire a determinate spikelet meristem identity and terminate after producing a floret. ABERRANT PANICLE ORGANIZATION2 (APO2) is the rice ortholog of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) LEAFY (LFY), a plant-specific transcription factor (TF). APO2 is a positive regulator of panicle branch formation. Here, we show that APO2 is also required to increase the meristem size of the IM and suppress bract outgrowth. We identified genes directly and indirectly regulated by APO2 and identified APO2-binding sites. These analyses showed that APO2 directly controls known regulators of panicle development, including SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN LIKE14 and NECK LEAF1. Furthermore, we revealed that a set of genes act as downstream regulators of APO2 in controlling meristem cell proliferation during reproductive transition, bract suppression, and panicle branch formation. Our findings indicate that APO2 acts as a master regulator of rice panicle development by regulating multiple steps in the reproductive transition through directly controlling a set of genes.


Asunto(s)
Arabidopsis , Oryza , Arabidopsis/genética , Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Inflorescencia/metabolismo , Meristema/metabolismo , Oryza/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo
12.
Plant Physiol ; 189(2): 1128-1138, 2022 06 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35302643

RESUMEN

Initial exposure of plants to osmotic stress caused by drought, cold, or salinity leads to acclimation, termed acquired tolerance, to subsequent severe stresses. Acquired osmotolerance induced by salt stress is widespread across Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) accessions and is conferred by disruption of a nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat gene, designated ACQUIRED OSMOTOLERANCE. De-repression of this gene under osmotic stress causes detrimental autoimmunity via ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY1 and PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT4 (PAD4). However, the mechanism underlying acquired osmotolerance remains poorly understood. Here, we isolated an acquired osmotolerance-defective mutant (aod13) by screening 30,000 seedlings of an ion beam-mutagenized M2 population of Bu-5, an accession with acquired osmotolerance. We found that AOD13 encodes the dual-specificity phosphatase MAP KINASE PHOSPHATASE1 (MKP1), which negatively regulates MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE3/6 (MPK3/6). Consistently, MPK3/6 activation was greater in aod13 than in the Bu-5 wild-type (WT). The aod13 mutant was sensitive to osmotic stress but tolerant to salt stress. Under osmotic stress, pathogenesis-related genes were strongly induced in aod13 but not in the Bu-5 WT. Loss of PAD4 in pad4 aod13 plants did not restore acquired osmotolerance, implying that activation of immunity independent of PAD4 renders aod13 sensitive to osmotic stress. These findings suggest that AOD13 (i.e. MKP1) promotes osmotolerance by suppressing the PAD4-independent immune response activated by MPK3/6.


Asunto(s)
Proteínas de Arabidopsis , Arabidopsis , Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/genética , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Hidrolasas de Éster Carboxílico/metabolismo , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Proteínas Quinasas Activadas por Mitógenos/metabolismo , Proteínas Tirosina Fosfatasas/genética , Sesquiterpenos , Fitoalexinas
13.
Digestion ; 104(2): 109-120, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36450239

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Current therapies involve pharmacological efforts to dampen inflammation. Biologics are recommended for patients with steroid-dependent or steroid-refractory disease; however, little is known about current biologic use in real-world settings in Japan. METHODS: This observational, longitudinal, cohort study utilized the Japan Medical Data Center (JMDC) database to analyze claims data of patients who were prescribed ≥1 biologic (adalimumab, infliximab, or ustekinumab) following a new CD diagnosis made between January 2009 and January 2019. We primarily assessed the type of first-line treatment prescribed within 6 months of a patient's first CD diagnosis. RESULTS: Of the 1,346 eligible patients, the most common prescriptions were 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) monotherapy (26.8%), 5-ASA plus biologic combination (26.3%), and biologic monotherapy (12.9%). First-line biologics were prescribed within 6 months of initial CD diagnosis in 61.1% of patients, either alone or in combination with other therapies. As an individual first-line treatment, the proportion of patients receiving prescriptions of infliximab was high (66.3%) and steroids, low (1.3%). Patients who had a procedure to inspect the small intestine, such as endoscopy (n = 508), were mostly treated with a nonbiologic therapy (74.8%), whereas those who had not (n = 838), mostly received biologics (alone or in combination, 82.8%) as a first-line treatment. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we discovered the typical treatment pattern of patients with CD who received biologics and are registered in the JMDC database in Japan. Biologics were commonly used in the early phase of CD treatment. Treatment with traditional approaches such as steroids and nutritional therapy with evaluation for small intestine lesions, before turning to the use of biologics, may be prudent for achieving optimal outcomes.


Asunto(s)
Productos Biológicos , Enfermedad de Crohn , Humanos , Enfermedad de Crohn/diagnóstico , Enfermedad de Crohn/tratamiento farmacológico , Infliximab , Estudios Retrospectivos , Estudios de Cohortes , Japón , Adalimumab/uso terapéutico , Productos Biológicos/uso terapéutico
14.
Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol ; 63(3): 391-401, 2023 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36789730

RESUMEN

AIMS: Improved survivability of extremely preterm infants has led to increased rates of caesarean sections. Short-term maternal and neonatal risks of classical caesarean sections (CCS) in the context of extreme prematurity remain unclear. The aim was to examine maternal and neonatal complications associated with CCSs versus low transverse caesarean sections (LTCS) at extremely preterm (23 0/7-27 6/7 weeks) and very preterm gestational ages (28 0/7-31 6/7 weeks). METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at Royal Brisbane and Womens Hospital, Queensland, Australia between 2016 and 2020. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were examined using univariate and multivariate statistical analysis. RESULTS: CCSs (extremely preterm: n = 93; very preterm: n = 83) were associated with higher estimated blood loss than LTCS (extremely preterm: n = 70; very preterm: n = 287) in very preterm births (CCS: 638 ± 410 mL; LTCS: 556 ± 397 mL; P = 0.01). There was no significant difference in composite maternal outcomes between CCS and LTCS for extremely preterm (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.11; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.58-2.12; P = 0.75) or very preterm births (aOR: 1.08; 95% CI: 0.63-1.94; P = 0.79) after accounting for multiple pregnancy, placenta accreta and non-cephalic fetal presentations. Although CCSs were associated with lower Apgar scores at 1 min post-birth than LTCSs at very preterm gestational ages (CCS: 5.58 ± 2.10; LTCS: 6.25 ± 2.14; P = 0.02), there was no statistical difference in the rates of intraoperative neonatal injuries or composite outcomes when corrected for low birth weight. CONCLUSION: Short-term maternal and neonatal outcomes do not significantly differ between CCS and LTCS for extremely preterm or very preterm births.


Asunto(s)
Nacimiento Prematuro , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Embarazo , Humanos , Femenino , Nacimiento Prematuro/epidemiología , Nacimiento Prematuro/etiología , Cesárea/efectos adversos , Recien Nacido Extremadamente Prematuro , Estudios Retrospectivos , Embarazo Múltiple
15.
Int J Mol Sci ; 24(4)2023 Feb 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36834915

RESUMEN

The present study examined the effect of polysaccharides gels made of xanthan gum and locust bean gum (gel culture system) on oocyte maturation and explored the molecules causing the beneficial effect of the gel culture system. Oocytes and cumulus cells complexes were collected from slaughterhouse-derived ovaries and cultured on a plastic plate or gel. The gel culture system improved the rate of development to the blastocyst stage. The oocytes that matured on the gel contained high lipid contents and F-actin formation, and the resultant 8-cell stage embryos had low DNA methylation levels compared to their plate counterparts. RNA sequencing of the oocytes and embryos revealed the differentially expressed genes between the gel and plate culture systems, and upstream regulator analysis revealed estradiol and TGFB1 as top activated upstream molecules. The medium of the gel culture system contained higher concentrations of estradiol and TGFB1 than that of the plate cultures system. Supplementation of the maturation medium with either estradiol or TGFB1 resulted in high lipid content in oocytes. In addition, TGFB1 improved the developmental ability of the oocytes and increased F-actin content while reducing DNA methylation levels in the 8-cell stage embryos. In conclusion, the gel culture system is useful for embryo production, potentially through the upregulation of TGFB1.


Asunto(s)
Actinas , Técnicas de Maduración In Vitro de los Oocitos , Animales , Bovinos , Técnicas de Maduración In Vitro de los Oocitos/métodos , Oocitos , Polisacáridos Bacterianos/farmacología , Estradiol/farmacología , Geles/farmacología , Lípidos/farmacología , Blastocisto
16.
Rinsho Ketsueki ; 64(11): 1426-1430, 2023.
Artículo en Japonés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38072429

RESUMEN

A 43-year-old man presenting with oral bleeding was diagnosed with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Induction chemotherapy consisting of all-trans retinoic acid and idarubicin was initiated, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) was treated with fresh frozen plasma and recombinant thrombomodulin infusions. The patient was free from neurological symptoms throughout the clinical course. However, cerebral hemorrhagic lesions were detected incidentally on magnetic resonance imaging performed to screen for leukemic central nervous system invasion at 2 weeks after treatment initiation. Imaging findings suggested subacute or later-phase cerebral hemorrhage. Platelet transfusions and other supportive care was provided. Serial imaging evaluations confirmed reduction of the hemorrhagic lesions. Hematological remission was achieved after induction chemotherapy, and no symptoms due to cerebral hemorrhage developed during the subsequent consolidation therapy. As patients with APL characteristically experience hemorrhagic events due to bleeding tendency caused by DIC, physicians should be aware of the possibility of asymptomatic cerebral hemorrhage in these patients.


Asunto(s)
Coagulación Intravascular Diseminada , Trastornos Hemorrágicos , Leucemia Promielocítica Aguda , Masculino , Humanos , Adulto , Leucemia Promielocítica Aguda/complicaciones , Leucemia Promielocítica Aguda/tratamiento farmacológico , Coagulación Intravascular Diseminada/etiología , Tretinoina/uso terapéutico , Hemorragia Cerebral/complicaciones , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico
17.
Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi ; 120(7): 610-614, 2023.
Artículo en Japonés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37423732

RESUMEN

A 79-year-old woman underwent colonoscopy that revealed a 30-mm-sized nodular, mixed-type, lateral spreading tumor-granular in the lower rectum. Endoscopic submucosal dissection was performed, and the pathological findings indicated a mostly adenoma-type tumor with synaptophysin, cluster of differentiation 56-positive, and chromogranin A-negative associated with neuroendocrine carcinoma. Surgical resection was performed owing to vascular invasion, and the lymph node metastasis of the endocrine carcinoma component was observed. Thus, we reported a rare case of the coexistence of adenoma and neuroendocrine carcinoma.


Asunto(s)
Adenoma , Carcinoma Neuroendocrino , Neoplasias del Recto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Adenoma/patología , Adenoma/cirugía , Carcinoma Neuroendocrino/patología , Carcinoma Neuroendocrino/cirugía , Metástasis Linfática , Neoplasias del Recto/patología , Neoplasias del Recto/cirugía , Colonoscopía
18.
Mol Plant Microbe Interact ; 35(7): 554-566, 2022 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34726476

RESUMEN

In plants, a first layer of inducible immunity is conferred by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that bind microbe- and damage-associated molecular patterns to activate pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). PTI is strengthened or followed by another potent form of immunity when intracellular receptors recognize pathogen effectors, termed effector-triggered immunity. Immunity signaling regulators have been reported to influence abiotic stress responses as well, yet the governing principles and mechanisms remain ambiguous. Here, we report that PRRs of a leucine-rich repeat ectodomain also confer salt tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana, following recognition of cognate ligands such as bacterial flagellin (flg22 epitope) and elongation factor Tu (elf18 epitope), and the endogenous Pep peptides. Pattern-triggered salt tolerance (PTST) requires authentic PTI signaling components; namely, the PRR-associated kinases BAK1 and BIK1 and the NADPH oxidase RBOHD. Exposure to salt stress induces the release of Pep precursors, pointing to the involvement of the endogenous immunogenic peptides in developing plant tolerance to high salinity. Transcriptome profiling reveals an inventory of PTST target genes, which increase or acquire salt responsiveness following a preexposure to immunogenic patterns. In good accordance, plants challenged with nonpathogenic bacteria also acquired salt tolerance in a manner dependent on PRRs. Our findings provide insight into signaling plasticity underlying biotic or abiotic stress cross-tolerance in plants conferred by PRRs.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.


Asunto(s)
Proteínas de Arabidopsis , Arabidopsis , Arabidopsis/microbiología , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/genética , Epítopos , Leucina , Péptidos , Inmunidad de la Planta/fisiología , Plantas , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinasas , Receptores de Reconocimiento de Patrones/genética , Tolerancia a la Sal/genética
19.
J Cell Physiol ; 237(1): 1087-1099, 2022 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34648662

RESUMEN

In the postpartum period, cows experience the uterine bacterial infection and develop the endometritis. To eliminate bacteria and recover from endometritis, endometrial epithelial and stromal cells secrete the cytokine and chemokine, such as interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8, and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP1), to recruit immune cells. Moreover, the symptom of endometritis is prolonged in summer and we have recently indicated that hyperthermia suppresses and enhances the IL-6 production in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge in endometrial epithelial and stromal cells, respectively. However, the mechanisms for the opposite reaction of IL-6 secretion in response to LPS challenge in both types of endometrial cells under hyperthermia conditions were still unclear. To reveal these mechanisms, both types of endometrial cells were cultured with LPS under the control (38.5°C) or hyperthermia (40.5°C) conditions and comprehensively analyzed differential gene expressions of them by RNA-seq. In addition, based on these results, we examined the effect of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress on the IL-6 production in both types of endometrial cells cultured with LPS under hyperthermia conditions. In comprehensive analysis, hyperthermia induced the ER stress in the endometrial stromal cells but not in the endometrial epithelial cells. Actually, we confirmed that hyperthermia increased the gene expression of BiP, ATF4, and sXBP1 and protein expression of BiP and phosphorylated inositol requiring 1, ER stress marker, in the endometrial stromal cells but not in the endometrial epithelial cells. Moreover, in the endometrial stromal cells exposed to LPS, activation and inhibition of ER stress enhanced the IL-6 production under control conditions and suppressed it under hyperthermia conditions, respectively. In this study, we could uncover the one of causes for the disruption of IL-6 production in response to LPS challenge in the endometrial cells under hyperthermia conditions. This finding might be a clue for the improvement of the symptom of endometritis in cows during summer.


Asunto(s)
Endometritis , Hipertermia Inducida , Animales , Bovinos , Endometritis/genética , Endometrio/metabolismo , Estrés del Retículo Endoplásmico , Femenino , Expresión Génica , Humanos , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Lipopolisacáridos/metabolismo , Lipopolisacáridos/farmacología
20.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun ; 636(Pt 1): 205-212, 2022 12 25.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36335871

RESUMEN

The placenta plays various roles in a healthy pregnancy, and abnormalities in the placenta result in adverse outcomes. Adequate differentiation of trophoblast subtypes is necessary for placental function, but the molecular mechanisms that determine trophoblast cell fate remain unclear. Here, we screened small molecular compound (SMC) libraries (1904 SMCs) to identify particular SMCs which regulate trophoblast differentiation in mouse trophoblast stem cells (mTSCs) to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying cell fate decision in trophoblast cells. The two-step screening revealed a novel effect of N-oleoyldopamine (OLDA), an endogenic vanilloid, to promote differentiation into parietal trophoblast giant cells (P-TGCs) and repress them into spongiotrophoblast cells in mTSCs. Analyses by gene deletion and inhibitor treatments indicated that transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 3 (Trpv3), one of the candidates for targeting by OLDA, was involved in maintaining stem status and P-TGC differentiation in mTSCs. Finally, transcriptome analysis revealed that Fosl1, a key regulatory factor in differentiation into P-TGCs, was upregulated by OLDA treatment, suggesting that OLDA promoted the differentiation of mTSCs into P-TGCs via regulation of Fosl1 expression.


Asunto(s)
Placenta , Trofoblastos , Ratones , Animales , Femenino , Embarazo , Trofoblastos/metabolismo , Placenta/metabolismo , Células Gigantes , Diferenciación Celular/genética , Células Madre
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