RESUMEN
Lung cancer rarely metastasizes to the palatine tonsil. There have only been a few cases that have reported on palatine tonsillar metastases of pulmonary adenocarcinoma. In the majority of these cases the primary diagnosis is a small cell lung cancer. The present case report resents an unusual case of a 66-year-old woman with a multiple metastasized lung adenocarcinoma, which was finally detected by tonsillectomy. The present case report and review of the literature revealed the importance of complete and systematic tumor staging, including the examination of the oral cavity in case of lung cancer and that the evident tentative diagnosis is not always the right one.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND/AIM: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are suspected of being a reason for limited therapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) plays a critical role in the communication between CSCs and their microenvironment. We investigated the influence of SDF-1α on HPV+/HPV- SCC cell lines to find an approach of explanation for the superior prognosis of HPV+ HNSCCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated the expression of CD44/CXCR4 on HPV+/HPV- SCC cell lines and monitored the influence of SDF-1α on proliferation, morphology and migration of HPV+/HPV- SCCs. RESULTS: HPV- SCCs showed a significant increase of podia formation and an intensified migration towards SDF-1α. HPV+ SCCs rested nearly unaffected by SDF-1α. CONCLUSION: Weakened reaction to SDF-1α in HPV+ SCC could lead to an impaired communication between CSCs and their niche, that would result in an increased exposure of CSCs to the harming influence of e.g. chemotherapeutic agents.
Asunto(s)
Comunicación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Quimiocina CXCL12/farmacología , Modelos Biológicos , Células Madre Neoplásicas/patología , Papillomaviridae/fisiología , Muerte Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Movimiento Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Técnica del Anticuerpo Fluorescente , Humanos , Receptores de Hialuranos/metabolismo , Células Madre Neoplásicas/efectos de los fármacos , Células Madre Neoplásicas/metabolismo , Receptores CXCR4/metabolismoRESUMEN
In the recent past, evidence is increasing indicating the existence of a subpopulation of resistant tumor cells in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) that cannot be eradicated by established antineoplastic treatments. These cancer stem cells (CSCs) have features of somatic stem cells such as selfrenewal, proliferation and differentiation. CD44+ cells in tumors of the head and neck are referred to as CSCs of HNSCC. Expression profiling of CD44 in 29 HNSCC tumors was performed by fluorescence microscopy. ELISA analysis was performed to detect concentration of soluble CD44 in the peripheral blood of 29 HNSCC patients and 11 healthy controls. Expression of CD44 was determined in all HNSCC tissue samples (n=29). In all samples a surface staining pattern was found. The concentration of CD44 in the peripheral blood of HNSCC patients was significantly higher compared to a healthy control group (mHNSCC =13.5 ± 0.5 ng/ ml; mCont = 9.3 ± 0.6 ng/ml; P=0.6 x 10(-12)). The role of CD44 as a marker for CSCs in HNSCC remains to be ascertained. Further experiments might reveal its role as a diagnostic and prognostic factor, and possibly as a therapeutic target.