RESUMEN
Listeria rhombencephalitis (LRE) is a rare encephalitis of the hindbrain that can present with a variety of neurological symptoms. It is a diagnostic challenge, but prompt antimicrobial therapy is important to prevent high rates of mortality and morbidity. We report two cases of LRE, with several contrasting clinical features and different disease courses. Despite being rare, it is important to consider listeria in patients with possible meningoencephalitis, even if cultures are negative. Empirical treatment of meningoencephalitis should provide coverage for listeria, especially if the patient is at risk of listeriosis or there is a potential history of listeria exposure.
RESUMEN
We report a case of epididymal microlithiasis that was diagnosed sonographically in a 75-year-old man undergoing scrotal sonographic examination to investigate right groin pain associated with an inguinal hernia. The sonographic appearance was that of multiple comet-shaped foci of microcalcification throughout both epididymides, with associated comet-tail artifacts. The testes had normal appearance with no evidence of testicular microlithiasis. The patient subsequently remained well after hernia repair. To our knowledge, epididymal microlithiasis has only previously been reported in a cadaveric study; the authors of that study hypothesized that the condition is caused by aging, with ischemia likely implicated in the pathogenesis. There are many other patterns of extratesticular calcification, including sperm granuloma, hematoma, and chronic epididymitis. We discuss how these differ in appearance from epididymal microlithiasis. Epididymal microlithiasis is a completely separate entity from testicular microlithiasis and should be recognized and dismissed by sonographers and radiologists.
Asunto(s)
Cálculos/diagnóstico , Epidídimo/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades de los Genitales Masculinos/diagnóstico , Litiasis/diagnóstico , Anciano , Cálculos/complicaciones , Estudios de Seguimiento , Enfermedades de los Genitales Masculinos/complicaciones , Hernia Inguinal/complicaciones , Humanos , Litiasis/complicaciones , Masculino , Enfermedades Raras , Ultrasonografía Doppler en ColorRESUMEN
We report 2 cases of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the salivary glands, complicating Sjögren's syndrome. The sonographic and histological features are described in depth. The use of sonography as a diagnostic aid in such patients is discussed.
Asunto(s)
Linfoma de Células B de la Zona Marginal/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Salivales/diagnóstico por imagen , Síndrome de Sjögren/diagnóstico por imagen , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Linfoma de Células B de la Zona Marginal/complicaciones , Linfoma de Células B de la Zona Marginal/patología , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Salivales/complicaciones , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Salivales/patología , Síndrome de Sjögren/complicaciones , Síndrome de Sjögren/patología , UltrasonografíaRESUMEN
Horner's syndrome is uncommon in the paediatric population, but is seen more in infancy, and most cases are either congenital or related to birth trauma, head and neck tumours or thoracic surgery. We report an unusual cause of Horner's syndrome in a healthy adolescent boy secondary to a large, spontaneous, but asymptomatic, primary pneumothorax.