RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To describe the space-time evolution of TB incidence rates (TI) in indigenous and non-indigenous people, according to the Federative Units (UF) of Brazil, from 2011 to 2022. METHODS: Ecological, temporal, and spatial study on new tuberculosis cases in Brazil among indigenous and non-indigenous populations. Data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (Sinan) were collected from 2011 to 2022 and stratified by Federal Unit, explored and statistically analyzed using R software version 4.2.3. RESULTS: The mean TI among indigenous populations in Brazil was 71.7 new cases per 100,000 inhabitants, while for non-indigenous populations it was 28.6/100,000 inhabitants. The regions of the country that presented the highest (mean) incidence among indigenous populations were: Central-West (102.8/100,000 inhabitants), Southeast (99.6/100,000 inhabitants), and North (79.9/100,000 inhabitants). For non-indigenous populations the highest incidence was in the North region (36.5/100,000 inhabitants), followed by the Southeast (31.3/100,000), and the Northeast (27,4/100,000 inhabitants). The analysis showed that the highest incidence of TB cases among indigenous populations occurred in the states of: SP, RO, RJ, MS, MT e PA. CONCLUSION: High incidence of the disease compared to the non-indigenous population show the need for a specific approach to address the health needs of these populations. Regional disparities in incidence indicate the need to address socioeconomic and infrastructure issues that affect the health of indigenous populations.
Asunto(s)
Tuberculosis , Humanos , Incidencia , Brasil/epidemiología , Tuberculosis/epidemiología , Pueblos Indígenas , Factores SocioeconómicosRESUMEN
ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the space-time evolution of TB incidence rates (TI) in indigenous and non-indigenous people, according to the Federative Units (UF) of Brazil, from 2011 to 2022. Methods: Ecological, temporal, and spatial study on new tuberculosis cases in Brazil among indigenous and non-indigenous populations. Data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (Sinan) were collected from 2011 to 2022 and stratified by Federal Unit, explored and statistically analyzed using R software version 4.2.3. Results: The mean TI among indigenous populations in Brazil was 71.7 new cases per 100,000 inhabitants, while for non-indigenous populations it was 28.6/100,000 inhabitants. The regions of the country that presented the highest (mean) incidence among indigenous populations were: Central-West (102.8/100,000 inhabitants), Southeast (99.6/100,000 inhabitants), and North (79.9/100,000 inhabitants). For non-indigenous populations the highest incidence was in the North region (36.5/100,000 inhabitants), followed by the Southeast (31.3/100,000), and the Northeast (27,4/100,000 inhabitants). The analysis showed that the highest incidence of TB cases among indigenous populations occurred in the states of: SP, RO, RJ, MS, MT e PA. Conclusion: High incidence of the disease compared to the non-indigenous population show the need for a specific approach to address the health needs of these populations. Regional disparities in incidence indicate the need to address socioeconomic and infrastructure issues that affect the health of indigenous populations.
RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever a evolução espaço-temporal das taxas de incidência (TIs) de tuberculose (TB) em indígenas e não indígenas, segundo as unidades federativas do Brasil, no período de 2011 a 2022. Métodos: Estudo ecológico, temporal e espacial sobre os casos novos de tuberculose no Brasil em indígenas e não indígenas. Dados provenientes do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) foram coletados de 2011 a 2022 e estratificados por UF, analisados exploratória e estatisticamente por meio do software R 4.2.3. Resultados: A TI média entre indígenas no Brasil foi 71,7 casos novos para cada 100 mil habitantes, enquanto para não indígenas foi de 28,6/100 mil habitantes. As regiões do país que apresentaram as maiores incidências (médias) para indígenas foram: Centro-Oeste (102,8/100 mil hab.), Sudeste (99,6/100 mil hab.) e Norte (79,9/100 mil hab.), e para não indígenas foram: Norte (36,5/100 mil hab.), Sudeste (31,3/100 mil hab.) e Nordeste (27,4/100 mil hab.). A análise mostrou que a maior incidência de casos de TB nas populações indígenas ocorreu nos estados de São Paulo, Rondônia, Rio de Janeiro, Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso e Pará. Conclusão: Altas incidências da doença em comparação com a população não indígena mostraram a necessidade de abordagem específica para atender às necessidades de saúde dessas populações. As disparidades regionais nas incidências indicaram a necessidade de abordar questões socioeconômicas e de infraestrutura que afetam a saúde desses povos.