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1.
Eur Heart J ; 36(31): 2079-2086, 2015 Aug 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25883174

RESUMEN

AIMS: The identification of sex differences in the prognosis of adults with a secundum atrial septal defect (ASD2) could help tailor their clinical management, as it has in other cardiovascular diseases. We investigated whether disparity between the sexes exists in long-term outcome of adult ASD2 patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients with ASD2 classified as the primary defect were selected from the Dutch national registry of adult congenital heart disease. Survival stratified by sex was compared with a sex-matched general population. In a total of 2207 adult patients (mean age at inclusion 44.8 years, 33.0% male), 102 deaths occurred during a cumulative follow-up of 13 584 patient-years. Median survival was 79.7 years for men and 85.6 years for women with ASD2. Compared with the age- and sex-matched general population, survival was lower for male, but equal for female patients (P = 0.015 and 0.766, respectively). Logistic regression analyses showed that men had a higher risk of conduction disturbances (OR = 1.63; 95% CI, 1.22-2.17) supraventricular dysrhythmias (OR = 1.41; 1.12-1.77), cerebrovascular thromboembolic events (OR = 1.53; 1.10-2.12), and heart failure (OR = 1.91; 1.06-3.43). CONCLUSION: In contrast to women, adult men with an ASD2 have worse survival than a sex-matched general population. Male patients also have a greater risk of morbidity during adult life. Sex disparity in survival and morbidity suggests the need for a sex-specific clinical approach towards these patients.

3.
Cardiovasc Diagn Ther ; 14(2): 264-271, 2024 Apr 30.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38716314

RESUMEN

Background: The rotational position of the aortic root (AoR) is of substantial clinical interest as it has been associated with severe aortic complications, such as aortic dissections. We described a cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-based method for measuring AoR rotation and evaluated the reliability of measurements. Methods: CMR was used for measuring AoR rotation in 50 consecutive healthy subjects. Intra- and interobserver reliability were assessed by comparing repeated measurements by the same analyst and by three independent analysts. The angles of the non-coronary sinus (NCS), right coronary sinus (RCS), and left coronary sinus (LCS) were measured relative to the interatrial septum (IAS). The angle between IAS and posterior atrial wall was measured to examine the reliability of the IAS as a key anatomical landmark. Intra- and interobserver agreement were determined using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Results: Images of 47/50 (94%) subjects were analyzed; three were excluded due to insufficient image quality. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) AoR rotation angles of NCS, RCS, and LCS were 25.9°±12.9°, 37.5°±15.2°, and 97.0°±13.1°, respectively. For measurements of AoR rotation, both intraobserver [NCS: ICC =0.94, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.88-0.96; RCS: ICC =0.93, 95% CI: 0.87-0.96; LCS: ICC =0.91, 95% CI: 0.84-0.95] and interobserver agreement (NCS: ICC =0.90, 95% CI: 0.84-0.94; RCS: ICC =0.86, 95% CI: 0.77-0.92; LCS: ICC =0.87, 95% CI: 0.80-0.92) were excellent. The IAS angle was 79.2°±8.9°; its intraobserver agreement was somewhat higher (ICC =0.94, 95% CI: 0.88-0.96) than the interobserver agreement (ICC =0.76, 95% CI: 0.63-0.85). Conclusions: The present study in healthy subjects reports a CMR-based approach for measuring AoR rotation. CMR allows to quantify AoR rotation with excellent intra- and interobserver agreement.

4.
Int Heart J ; 53(5): 263-9, 2012.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23038085

RESUMEN

Left ventricular (LV) remodeling following myocardial infarction (MI) is the result of complex interactions between various factors, including presence or absence of early revascularization. The impact of early revascularization on the relationship between infarct tissue characteristics and LV remodeling is incompletely known. Therefore, we investigated in patients with versus without successful early revascularization for acute MI potential relations between infarct tissue characteristics and LV remodeling with contrast-enhanced (CE) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). Patients with versus without successful early revascularization underwent CE-CMR for tissue characterization and assessment of LV remodeling including end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes, LV ejection fraction, and wall motion score index (WMSI). CE-CMR images were analyzed for infarct tissue characteristics including core-, peri- and total-infarct size, transmural extent, and regional scar scores. In early revascularized patients (n = 46), a larger area of infarct tissue correlated significantly with larger LV dimensions and a more reduced LV function (r = 0.39-0.68; all P ≤ 0.01). Multivariate analyses identified peri-infarct size as the best predictor of LV remodeling parameters (R(2 )= 0.44-0.62). In patients without successful early revascularization (n = 47), there was no correlation between infarct area and remodeling parameters; only peri-infarct size versus WMSI (r = 0.33; P = 0.03) and transmural extent versus LVEF (r = -0.27; P = 0.07) tended to be related. A correlation between infarct tissue characteristics and LV remodeling was found only in patients with early successful revascularization. Peri-infarct size was found to be the best determinant of LV remodeling. Our findings stress the importance of taking into account infarct tissue characteristics and success of revascularization when LV remodeling is studied.


Asunto(s)
Imagen por Resonancia Cinemagnética , Infarto del Miocardio/fisiopatología , Revascularización Miocárdica , Remodelación Ventricular/fisiología , Anciano , Medios de Contraste , Intervención Médica Temprana , Femenino , Humanos , Aumento de la Imagen , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infarto del Miocardio/terapia
5.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd ; 1652021 08 25.
Artículo en Holandés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34523827

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Morbus Kawasaki is defined by unexplained fever combined with at least 4 out of 5 classic symptoms: bilateral conjunctivitis, polymorphic exanthema, strawberry tongue and red swollen lips, extremity changes and cervical lymphadenopathy. However, these symptoms do not always occur completely or simultaneously. CASE DESCRIPTION: An 18-year old man was admitted after an out of hospital cardiac arrest caused by an occluded aneurysmatic LAD, which was treated with a percutanious coronary intervention. Coronary angiogram however also revealed coronary aneurysms of all coronaries, identifying an episode of unexplained fever and vasculitis 4 years prior as Morbus Kawasaki. CONCLUSION: Echocardiogram, CTA and MRA can reveal coronary malformations and thus identify M. Kawasaki when there is an incomplete M. Kawasaki. An early diagnosis and treatment with high dose aspirin and intravenous immunoglobulines is essential to reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications later in life.


Asunto(s)
Aneurisma Coronario , Síndrome Mucocutáneo Linfonodular , Infarto del Miocardio , Adolescente , Aspirina , Aneurisma Coronario/diagnóstico , Humanos , Inmunoglobulinas Intravenosas , Masculino , Síndrome Mucocutáneo Linfonodular/complicaciones , Síndrome Mucocutáneo Linfonodular/diagnóstico , Infarto del Miocardio/diagnóstico , Infarto del Miocardio/etiología
6.
Int J Cardiol ; 322: 142-148, 2021 01 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32828959

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Fontan-associated liver disease (FALD) is universal in patients with a Fontan circulation. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of its severe expressions, and, though rare, frequently fatal. The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical presentation, risk factors, and outcomes of HCC in patients with a Fontan circulation. METHODS: A multicenter case series of Fontan patients with a diagnosis of HCC formed the basis of this study. The case series was extended by published cases and case reports. Clinical presentation, tumor characteristics, laboratory and hemodynamic findings as well as treatment types and outcomes, were described. RESULTS: Fifty-four Fontan patients (50% female) with a diagnosis of HCC were included. Mean age at HCC diagnosis was 30 ± 9.4 years and mean duration from Fontan surgery to HCC diagnosis was 21.6 ± 7.4 years. Median HCC size at the time of diagnosis was 4 cm with a range of 1 to 22 cm. The tumor was located in the right hepatic lobe in 65% of the patients. Fifty-one percent had liver cirrhosis at the time of HCC diagnosis. Fifty percent of the patients had no symptoms related to HCC and alpha-fetoprotein was normal in 26% of the cases. Twenty-six patients (48%) died during a median follow-up duration of 10.6 (range 1-50) months. CONCLUSIONS: HCC in Fontan patients occurs at a young age with a 1-year survival rate of only 50%. Meticulous liver surveillance is crucial to detect small tumors in the early stage.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Procedimiento de Fontan , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico por imagen , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/epidemiología , Femenino , Procedimiento de Fontan/efectos adversos , Humanos , Cirrosis Hepática , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Hepáticas/epidemiología , Masculino
8.
Int J Cardiol ; 206: 21-6, 2016 Mar 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26773766

RESUMEN

The Fontan procedure has been used since 1971 as a palliative treatment for various (functionally) univentricular hearts. The systemic venous blood flows passively to the pulmonary arteries, without passing through a functional ventricle. This results in chronic systemic venous congestion, which may lead to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. This review discusses possible screening modalities for liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in the Fontan population and proposes a screening protocol. We suggest starting screening for progression of fibrosis and cirrhosis in collaboration with the hepatologist circa 10 years after Fontan completion. The screening programme will consist of a yearly evaluation of liver laboratory tests in conjunction with imaging of the liver with ultrasound or MRI every two years. In case of liver fibrosis or cirrhosis, (reversible) causes should be ruled out (e.g. obstruction in the Fontan circuit). In case of severe fibrosis or cirrhosis, other complications of portal hypertension should be evaluated and screening for hepatocellular carcinoma is required on a regular (6-12 months) basis. As regards hepatocellular carcinoma, treatment should be discussed in a multidisciplinary team, before deciding a treatment modality.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/etiología , Procedimiento de Fontan/efectos adversos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/etiología , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patología , Detección Precoz del Cáncer/métodos , Procedimiento de Fontan/métodos , Humanos , Hipertensión Portal/complicaciones , Hígado/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patología , Masculino , Factores de Tiempo
9.
Eur J Heart Fail ; 18(9): 1119-28, 2016 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27384461

RESUMEN

AIMS: To describe the outcomes of pregnancy in women with pulmonary hypertension. METHODS AND RESULTS: In 2007 the European Registry on Pregnancy and Heart Disease was initiated by the European Society of Cardiology. Consecutive patients with all forms of cardiovascular disease, presenting with pregnancy, were enrolled with the aim of investigating the pregnancy outcomes. This subgroup of the cohort included 151 women with pulmonary hypertension (PH) either diagnosed by right heart catheterization or diagnosed as possible PH by echocardiographic signs, with 26% having pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), in three subgroups: idiopathic (iPAH), associated with congenital heart disease (CHD-PAH), or associated with other disease (oPAH), and 74% having PH caused by left heart disease (LHD-PH, n = 112). Maternal mean age was 29.2 ± 5.6 years and 37% were nulliparous. Right ventricular systolic pressure was <50 mmHg in 59.6% of patients, 50-70 mmHg in 28.5% and >70 mmHg in 11.9%. In more than 75% of patients, the diagnosis of PH had been made before pregnancy. Maternal death up to 1 week after delivery occurred in five patients (3.3%), with another two out of 78 patients who presented for follow-up (2.6%), dying within 6 months after delivery. The highest mortality was found in iPAH (3/7, 43%). During pregnancy, heart failure occurred in 27%. Caesarean section was performed in 63.4% (23.9% as emergency). Therapeutic abortion was performed in 4.0%. Complications included miscarriage (5.6%), fetal mortality (2%), premature delivery (21.7%), low birth weight (19.0%), and neonatal mortality (0.7%). CONCLUSION: Mortality in this group of patients with various forms of PH was lower than previously reported as specialized care during pregnancy and delivery was available. However, maternal and fetal mortality remains prohibitively high in women with iPAH, although this conclusion is restricted by limited numbers. Early advice on contraception, pregnancy risk and fetal outcome remains paramount.


Asunto(s)
Cesárea/estadística & datos numéricos , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/epidemiología , Hipertensión Pulmonar/epidemiología , Complicaciones Cardiovasculares del Embarazo/epidemiología , Sistema de Registros , Aborto Espontáneo/epidemiología , Aborto Terapéutico/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Femenino , Mortalidad Fetal , Edad Gestacional , Cardiopatías Congénitas/complicaciones , Humanos , Hipertensión Pulmonar/etiología , Lactante , Mortalidad Infantil , Recién Nacido de Bajo Peso , Recién Nacido , Mortalidad Materna , Embarazo , Nacimiento Prematuro/epidemiología , Adulto Joven
10.
Am J Cardiol ; 96(10): 1361-4, 2005 Nov 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16275178

RESUMEN

Recent evidence has demonstrated that intensive lipid-lowering therapy with a high-dose statin provides significant clinical benefit beyond moderate lipid-lowering therapy. However, dose-dependent effects of short-term statin therapy on vascular function have not been demonstrated. We studied endothelial function and vascular responsiveness to angiotensin II in patients who had coronary artery diseased and were randomized to receive low- or high-dose atorvastatin (10 or 80 mg, respectively) or placebo. Internal thoracic artery segments were obtained during coronary bypass surgery and studied in vitro. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation was increased with atorvastatin therapy (p = 0.035) but was significantly increased further in patients who received 80 mg compared with those who received 10 mg of atorvastatin (p = 0.05). Endothelium improvement was accompanied by decreased vascular response to angiotensin II (p = 0.039). These findings suggest a mechanism for the clinical benefit of intensive lipid-lowering treatment in coronary heart disease.


Asunto(s)
Angiotensina II/farmacología , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/terapia , Endotelio Vascular/efectos de los fármacos , Hipolipemiantes/administración & dosificación , Anciano , Atorvastatina , HDL-Colesterol/sangre , LDL-Colesterol/sangre , Puente de Arteria Coronaria , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/sangre , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/fisiopatología , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Método Doble Ciego , Endotelio Vascular/fisiopatología , Endotelio Vascular/cirugía , Femenino , Ácidos Heptanoicos/administración & dosificación , Ácidos Heptanoicos/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Inhibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Reductasas/administración & dosificación , Inhibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Reductasas/uso terapéutico , Hipolipemiantes/uso terapéutico , Técnicas In Vitro , Masculino , Arterias Mamarias/efectos de los fármacos , Arterias Mamarias/fisiopatología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Pirroles/administración & dosificación , Pirroles/uso terapéutico , Resultado del Tratamiento , Vasodilatación/efectos de los fármacos
11.
Cardiovasc Res ; 59(4): 980-7, 2003 Oct 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14553838

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Different components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) have been demonstrated in atherosclerotic plaques. However, the involvement of the RAS in in-stent restenosis is not clear. We studied the differential immunolocalisation of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and the angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor in de-novo stenotic lesions and in-stent restenotic lesions in human coronary arteries. METHODS: Using a pullback atherectomy catheter, biopsies from de-novo coronary lesions (n=19) and in-stent restenotic lesions (n=19) were obtained. The biopsies were immunostained for vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), macrophages, ACE and the AT1 receptor. RESULTS: In biopsies from de-novo stenotic lesions ACE-positive macrophages were more numerous than in in-stent restenotic lesions (P=0.002). Moreover, in the latter lesions, ACE-positive macrophages decreased when the time interval of stent implantation was longer. On the other hand, in-stent restenotic lesions contained predominantly young VSMCs, which abundantly expressed AT1 receptors. CONCLUSIONS: Lesional ACE expression is not a prominent feature of in-stent restenotic lesions. In contrast, AT1 receptors are abundantly expressed on young VSMCs. In de-novo lesions ACE and AT1 receptors were found on macrophages and VSMCs, which were present in all specimens.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedad Coronaria/metabolismo , Peptidil-Dipeptidasa A/análisis , Receptor de Angiotensina Tipo 1/análisis , Sistema Renina-Angiotensina , Stents , Angioplastia Coronaria con Balón , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Enfermedad Coronaria/patología , Enfermedad Coronaria/cirugía , Reestenosis Coronaria/metabolismo , Reestenosis Coronaria/patología , Reestenosis Coronaria/cirugía , Vasos Coronarios/metabolismo , Humanos , Macrófagos/enzimología , Macrófagos/patología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Músculo Liso Vascular/química , Músculo Liso Vascular/patología
12.
Can J Cardiol ; 18(12): 1331-9, 2002 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12518185

RESUMEN

The angiotensin II receptors mediate the effects of the renin-angiotensin system, which has an important role in cardiovascular (patho)physiology. Four types of angiotensin receptors are known, of which the type 1 (AT1) and the type 2 (AT2) receptors are the most important. Stimulation of the AT1 receptor leads to a cascade of signalling pathways in several cell types, which finally leads to processes such as vasoconstriction, inflammation and proliferation. These processes are of great importance in various cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, atherosclerosis and ventricular hypertrophy. The AT2 receptor is expressed mainly in the fetal stage. In adults, the AT2 receptor is minimally expressed under normal circumstances. Its role in the adult cardiovascular system is not well established, but its effects seem to oppose those of the AT1 receptor. This overview discusses the pathophysiological role of the angiotensin II receptors in various cardiovascular diseases with the emphasis on the signal transduction of the AT1 and the AT2 receptors.


Asunto(s)
Arteriosclerosis/fisiopatología , Hipertensión/fisiopatología , Hipertrofia Ventricular Izquierda/fisiopatología , Receptores de Angiotensina/fisiología , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/fisiopatología , Humanos , Receptor de Angiotensina Tipo 1 , Receptor de Angiotensina Tipo 2 , Recurrencia , Sistema Renina-Angiotensina/fisiología , Transducción de Señal , Vasoconstricción/fisiología
13.
Int J Cardiovasc Imaging ; 30(6): 1097-103, 2014 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24794293

RESUMEN

Patients with acute chest pain, electrocardiographic ST-elevation and significant elevation of cardiac troponin but without obstructive coronary artery disease represent a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) can elucidate underlying alternative causes of troponin elevation including detection of (minor) myocardial infarction (MI) by identifying myocardial scarring as delayed enhancement. Of 77 patients, who were admitted between March 2009 and December 2012 with electrocardiographic (ECG) and biochemical evidence of acute MI without obstructive coronary artery disease, 45 patients underwent CMR that showed in 11/77 (14%) late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), compatible with myocardial scarring. We analyzed clinical, echocardiographic, and CMR data of these patients. Elevated troponin I levels were observed in all patients (median 1.3 ng/l, IQR 0.44-187) with median peak creatinine phosphokinase of 485 U/l (IQR 234-618). Echocardiographic wall motion abnormalities were detected in 8/11 (73%) patients; in 75% of these segments, ECG abnormalities were observed in corresponding leads. CMR detected LGE in the inferior (4/11), the inferolateral (5/11), the inferoseptal (2/11), the anterior (3/11), apical (3/11) and in the lateral segments (2/11). In addition, in all but two patients, these segments matched ECG abnormalities in corresponding leads. CMR identified microvascular obstruction in 4/11 (36%) patients. Patients with clinical, ECG, and biochemical signs of acute MI but unobstructed coronary arteries may have CMR-detectable myocardial scars. Information on myocardial scarring may help to make the diagnosis and draw therapeutic consequences. This case series underlines the value of contrast-enhanced CMR for myocardial tissue characterization.


Asunto(s)
Cicatriz/diagnóstico , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/diagnóstico , Circulación Coronaria , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Microcirculación , Infarto del Miocardio/diagnóstico , Miocardio/patología , Adulto , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Biomarcadores/sangre , Cicatriz/sangre , Cicatriz/patología , Cicatriz/fisiopatología , Medios de Contraste , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/sangre , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/patología , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/fisiopatología , Creatina Quinasa/sangre , Electrocardiografía , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Meglumina , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infarto del Miocardio/sangre , Infarto del Miocardio/patología , Infarto del Miocardio/fisiopatología , Miocardio/metabolismo , Compuestos Organometálicos , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Estudios Retrospectivos , Troponina I/sangre , Regulación hacia Arriba
14.
Int J Cardiol ; 174(2): 299-305, 2014 Jun 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24794056

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The aging congenital heart disease (CHD) population is prone to develop a variety of sequelae, including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Previous prevalence estimates are limited in applicability due to the use of tertiary centers, or database encoding only. We aimed to investigate the contemporary prevalence of PAH in adult CHD patients, using a nationwide population. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed, using the population-based Dutch CONgenital CORvitia (CONCOR) registry. All patients born with a systemic-to-pulmonary shunt, thereby at risk of developing PAH, were identified. From this cohort, a random sample was obtained and carefully reviewed. RESULTS: Of 12,624 registered adults with CHD alive in 2011, 5,487 (44%) were at risk of PAH. The random sample consisted of 1,814 patients (mean age 40 ± 15 years) and 135 PAH cases were observed. PAH prevalence in patients born with a systemic-to-pulmonary shunt was 7.4%. The prevalence of PAH after corrective cardiac surgery was remarkably high (5.7%). Furthermore, PAH prevalence increased with age, from 2.5% under 30 years until 35% in the eldest. PAH prevalence in the entire CHD population was 3.2%. Based on 3000 per million adult CHD patients in the general population, we can assume that PAH-CHD is present in 100 per million. CONCLUSIONS: This new approach using a nationwide CHD population reports a PAH prevalence of 3.2% in CHD patients, and 100 per million in the general adult population. Especially in patients after shunt closure and the elderly, physicians should be aware of PAH-CHD, to provide optimal therapeutic and clinical care.


Asunto(s)
Cardiopatías Congénitas/complicaciones , Hipertensión Pulmonar/complicaciones , Hipertensión Pulmonar/epidemiología , Adulto , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Hipertensión Pulmonar/clasificación , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia
15.
World J Cardiol ; 5(9): 329-36, 2013 Sep 26.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24109496

RESUMEN

This is a case series and review of the literature adding 11 new cases. Coronary-cameral fistulas (CCFs) are infrequent anomalies which are in general co-incidentally found during diagnostic coronary angiography (CAG). To delineate the characteristics of congenital and acquired CCFs in adults, we performed a PubMed search for papers dealing with congenital or acquired CCFs in adults. Publications on coronary-vascular fistulas or paediatric subjects were not included. From the world literature, a total of 243 adult patients were identified who had congenital (65%) or acquired (35%) CCFs. In this review, which is part one of a two-part series on CCFs, we describe and discuss the congenital fistulas, give an overview on the published literature and report details of our own series of 11 patients with MMFs and solitary macro CCFs. Of the congenital group, 85% were small or large solitary macro CCFs (cut-off 1.5 mm) and 15% were coronary artery-ventricular multiple micro-fistulas (MMFs). Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was reported in some of the reviewed subjects with MMFs (3/24 = 13%) but not was seen in our own series. Conservative medical management was generally the treatment of choice in congenital MMFs; prophylactic implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) were implanted in 2/24 (8%) of subjects, especially when extensive micro-fistulisations were involved. None of the patients of our own series required an ICD, as the MMFs were of limited size. Congenital or acquired CCFs in adults are infrequent anomalies having a wide spectrum of clinical presentation may varies from asymptomatic to severely devastating states requiring different treatment modalities.

16.
World J Cardiol ; 5(12): 484-94, 2013 Dec 26.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24432186

RESUMEN

Acquired coronary artery fistulas (CCFs) are infrequently detected during conventional coronary angiography. To delineate the characteristics of congenital (first part) and acquired (second part) CCFs in adults, a PubMed search was conducted for papers dealing with congenital or acquired CCFs. None of the publications describing patients with coronary-vascular fistulas were included. Papers dealing with pediatric subjects were excluded. From the world literature, a total of 243 adult patients were selected who had congenital (n = 159/243, 65%) and acquired (n = 84/243, 35%) CCFs. Among the acquired types (n = 72, 85.7%) were traumatic (iatrogenic (n = 65/72, 90%), accidental (n = 7/72, 10%) and (n = 12, 14.3%) spontaneously developing in relation to severe coronary atherosclerosis or myocardial infarction. A high incidence of spontaneous resolution of iatrogenic CCFs resulting from endomyocardial biopsy or following post-septal myectomy was reported. Spontaneous CCFs associated with myocardial ischemia or infarction resolved completely in 8% of the subjects. Early surgical intervention was the treatment of choice in acquired traumatic accidental CCFs. The congenital types are addressed in a previous issue of this journal (first part). In this review (second of two parts, part II), we describe the acquired coronary-cameral fistulas.

17.
Int J Cardiovasc Imaging ; 29(1): 169-76, 2013 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22684301

RESUMEN

Knowledge about potential differences in infarct tissue characteristics between patients with prior life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia versus patients receiving prophylactic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) might help to improve the current risk stratification in myocardial infarction (MI) patients who are considered for ICD implantation. In a consecutive series of (ICD) recipients for primary and secondary prevention following MI, we used contrast-enhanced (CE) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging to evaluate differences in infarct tissue characteristics. Cine-CMR measurements included left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes (EDV, ESV), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), wall motion score index (WMSI), and mass. CE-CMR images were analyzed for core, peri, and total infarct size, infarct localization (according to coronary artery territory), and transmural extent. In this study, 95 ICD recipients were included. In the primary prevention group (n = 66), LVEF was lower (23 ± 9% vs. 31 ± 14%; P < 0.01), ESV and WMSI were higher (223 ± 75 ml vs. 184 ± 97 ml, P = 0.04, and 1.89 ± 0.52 vs. 1.47 ± 0.68; P < 0.01), and anterior infarct localization was more frequent (P = 0.02) than in the secondary prevention group (n = 29). There were no differences in infarct tissue characteristics between patients treated for primary versus secondary prevention (P > 0.6 for all). During 21 ± 9 months of follow-up, 3 (5%) patients in the primary prevention group and 9 (31%) in the secondary prevention group experienced appropriate ICD therapy for treatment of ventricular arrhythmia (P < 0.01). There was no difference in infarct tissue characteristics between recipients of ICD for primary versus secondary prevention, while the secondary prevention group showed a higher frequency of applied ICD therapy for ventricular arrhythmia.


Asunto(s)
Arritmias Cardíacas/prevención & control , Medios de Contraste , Desfibriladores Implantables , Cardioversión Eléctrica/instrumentación , Imagen por Resonancia Cinemagnética , Infarto del Miocardio/terapia , Miocardio/patología , Prevención Primaria/métodos , Prevención Secundaria/métodos , Anciano , Arritmias Cardíacas/diagnóstico , Arritmias Cardíacas/etiología , Arritmias Cardíacas/mortalidad , Arritmias Cardíacas/fisiopatología , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Estudios Transversales , Cardioversión Eléctrica/efectos adversos , Cardioversión Eléctrica/mortalidad , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infarto del Miocardio/complicaciones , Infarto del Miocardio/diagnóstico , Infarto del Miocardio/mortalidad , Infarto del Miocardio/fisiopatología , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Estudios Prospectivos , Volumen Sistólico , Análisis de Supervivencia , Resultado del Tratamiento , Función Ventricular Izquierda
18.
Am J Cardiol ; 112(9): 1461-7, 2013 Nov 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23993125

RESUMEN

Supraventricular tachycardias (SVTs) are a major cause of morbidity in adults with congenital heart disease (CHD). Few data exist on safety and efficacy of antiarrhythmic drugs in this population. Our aim was to determine the efficacy of antiarrhythmic drugs in adults with CHD and first-onset SVT on maintaining sinus rhythm after conversion. This was a multicenter retrospective study including adults with CHD and first-onset SVT from January 2008 to January 2011. First-onset SVT occurred in 92 of 7,171 patients without previous SVT (mean age 51 ± 16 years, 57% women). SVTs included atrial fibrillation and flutter in >80% of the patients. Most of these patients had septal defects (50%) and left-sided lesions (21%). The acute management of SVTs resulted in sinus rhythm in 83 patients, and 89% of these patients were instituted on oral antiarrhythmics to prevent SVT recurrence. After a mean follow-up of 2.5 ± 1.4 years, only 45% of the patients were free from SVT. Class III antiarrhythmics (85% sotalol and 15% amiodarone) were associated with a significantly lesser risk of SVT recurrence compared with all other antiarrhythmic drugs (hazard ratio 0.5, 95% confidence interval 0.27 to 0.96, p = 0.036). However, adverse effects of medication occurred in 22% of the patients, mainly in patients taking amiodarone. In conclusion, in adults with CHD and first-onset SVTs, class III antiarrhythmics are more efficacious in maintaining sinus rhythm after cardioversion than other antiarrhythmics. Sotalol may be considered as the first-choice therapy as this is associated with fewer adverse effects than amiodarone.


Asunto(s)
Antiarrítmicos/uso terapéutico , Cardiopatías Congénitas/complicaciones , Taquicardia Supraventricular/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Cardiopatías Congénitas/epidemiología , Cardiopatías Congénitas/fisiopatología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Morbilidad/tendencias , Países Bajos/epidemiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tasa de Supervivencia/tendencias , Taquicardia Supraventricular/complicaciones , Taquicardia Supraventricular/epidemiología , Resultado del Tratamiento
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