[Retracted] MicroRNA­143 inhibits cell migration and invasion by targeting matrix metalloproteinase 13 in prostate cancer.

Following the publication of this paper, it was drawn to the Editor's attention by a concerned reader that several of the panels showing the results from cell migration and invasion assay experiments in Fig. 2 on p. 628 contained sections of data that were overlapping with other panels within the same figure. Given the issue of the overlapping sections of data, the Editor of Molecular Medicine Reports has decided that this paper should be retracted from the Journal on account of an overall lack of confidence in the presented results. The authors were asked for an explanation to account for these concerns, but the Editorial Office did not receive a satisfactory reply. The Editor apologizes to the readership for any inconvenience caused. [Molecular Medicine Reports 8: 626­630, 2013; DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1501].

Preparation and pharmacological effects of minor ginsenoside nanoparticles: a review.

Ginseng (Panax ginseng) is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to Panax genus of Araliaceae. Ginsenosides are a kind of important compounds in ginseng and minor ginsenosides are secondary metabolic derivatives of ginsenosides. Studies have shown that minor ginsenosides have many pharmacological effects, such as antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-platelet aggregation, and neuroprotective effects. However, the therapeutic effects of minor ginsenosides are limited due to poor solubility in water, short half-life, and poor targeting accuracy. In recent years, to improve the application efficiency, the research on the nanocrystallization of minor ginsenosides have attracted extensive attention from researchers. This review focuses on the classification, preparation methods, pharmacological effects, and action mechanisms of minor ginsenoside nanoparticles, as well as existing problems and future direction of relevant research, which provides a reference for the in-depth research of minor ginsenoside nanoparticles.

microRNA-125b inhibits cell migration and invasion by targeting matrix metallopeptidase 13 in bladder cancer.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.3892/ol.2013.1123.].

Preparation and Characterization of Nanocomposite Films Containing Nano-Aluminum Nitride and Cellulose Nanofibrils.

Nanocomposites consisting of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and nano-aluminum nitride (AlN) were prepared using a simple vacuum-assisted filtration process. Bleached sugarcane bagasse pulp was treated with potassium hydroxide and sodium chlorite, and was subsequently ultra-finely ground and homogenized to obtain CNFs. Film nanocomposites were prepared by mixing CNFs with various AlN amounts (0-20 wt.%). X-ray diffraction revealed that the crystal form of CNF-AlN nanocomposites was different to those of pure CNFs and AlN. The mechanical performance and thermal stability of the CNF-AlN nanocomposites were evaluated through mechanical tests and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. The results showed that the CNF-AlN nanocomposites exhibited excellent mechanical and thermal stability, and represented a green renewable substrate material. This type of nanocomposite could present great potential for replacing traditional polymer substrates, and could provide creative opportunities for designing and fabricating high-performance portable electronics in the near future.

Molecular signatures of major depression.

Adversity, particularly in early life, can cause illness. Clues to the responsible mechanisms may lie with the discovery of molecular signatures of stress, some of which include alterations to an individual's somatic genome. Here, using genome sequences from 11,670 women, we observed a highly significant association between a stress-related disease, major depression, and the amount of mtDNA (p = 9.00 × 10(-42), odds ratio 1.33 [95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.29-1.37]) and telomere length (p = 2.84 × 10(-14), odds ratio 0.85 [95% CI = 0.81-0.89]). While both telomere length and mtDNA amount were associated with adverse life events, conditional regression analyses showed the molecular changes were contingent on the depressed state. We tested this hypothesis with experiments in mice, demonstrating that stress causes both molecular changes, which are partly reversible and can be elicited by the administration of corticosterone. Together, these results demonstrate that changes in the amount of mtDNA and telomere length are consequences of stress and entering a depressed state. These findings identify increased amounts of mtDNA as a molecular marker of MD and have important implications for understanding how stress causes the disease.

Bright solitons in nonlinear media with a self-defocusing double-well nonlinearity.

We show that stable bright solitons can appear in a medium with spatially inhomogeneous self-defocusing (SDF) nonlinearity of a double-well structure. For a specific choice of the nonlinearity parameters, we obtain exact analytical solutions for the fundamental bright solitons. By making use of the linear stability analysis, the stability region in the parameter space for the exact fundamental bright soliton is obtained numerically. We also show the bifurcation from an antisymmetric to an asymmetric bright soliton for the SDF double-well nonlinearity.

microRNA­145 inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting matrix metallopeptidase-11 in renal cell carcinoma.

microRNA­145 (miR­145) has been reported to be frequently downregulated in various types of cancer, including renal, prostate, bladder, lung and colon cancer, as well as B­cell malignancies. The present study examined the effects of miR­145 on the cell proliferation, migration and invasion of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Following transfection of miR­145, an MTT, cell migration, cell invasion and luciferase assays, and western blot analysis were conducted in RCC cell lines. The present study demonstrated that miR­145 inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion in 786­O and A498 cells. The present study also demonstrated for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, that miR­145 may directly target matrix metallopeptidase­11 (MMP­11) in RCC. miR­145 was demonstrated to suppress cell proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting MMP­11 in RCC cell lines. These results suggested that it may be investigated as a predictive marker for the early detection of tumor metastasis and for targeting therapeutic drugs to inhibit the invasion of RCC.

microRNA-125b inhibits cell migration and invasion by targeting matrix metallopeptidase 13 in bladder cancer.

The expression of microRNA-125b (miR-125b) has been investigated in many human cancers. It has been demonstrated to be downregulated in certain types of cancer, such as bladder cancer, thyroid anaplastic carcinomas, squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue, hepatocellular carcinoma, ovarian and breast cancer. In the present study, we examined the effects of miR-125b on bladder cancer cell migration and invasion. Following transfection of miR-125b, the expression of miR-125b was analyzed in T24 and EJ bladder cancer cells. Additionally, cell migration, cell invasion and luciferase assays, as well as western blot analysis were conducted in the bladder cancer cells. In this study, we demonstrated that miR-125b inhibited cell migration and invasion in T24 and EJ cells. We also provided the first evidence that miR-125b may directly target matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) in bladder cancer. Our study provided evidence that miR-125b suppresses cell migration and invasion by targeting MMP13 in bladder cancer cell lines. These results suggested that miR-125b could be used for the development of new molecular markers and therapeutic approaches to inhibit bladder cancer metastasis.

MicroRNA-143 inhibits cell migration and invasion by targeting matrix metalloproteinase 13 in prostate cancer.

MicroRN-143 (miR­143) has been previously reported to be downregulated in specific types of cancer, including colorectal, bladder, oral squamous cell, pituitary, cervical, nasopharyngeal, lymphoma and prostate cancer. In the present study, the effects of miR-143 on prostate cancer cell migration and invasion were examined. Following transfection with miR-143, miR-143 expression, cell migration and invasion assays, luciferase assay and western blot analysis were conducted in prostate cancer cell lines. The results indicated that miR-143 inhibits cell migration and invasion in DU145 and PC-3 cells. In addition, to the best of our knowledge, miR-143 was reported for the first time to directly target matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13) in prostate cancer. The results of the present study demonstrated that miR-143 suppresses cell migration and invasion by targeting MMP-13 in prostate cancer cell lines. These results indicated that miR-143 may be suitable for the development of novel molecular markers and therapeutic approaches to inhibit metastasis in prostate cancer.

Re-appraisal of N2 disease by lymphatic drainage pattern for non-small-cell lung cancers: by terms of nodal stations, zones, chains, and a composite.

PURPOSE: N2 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a heterogeneous disease with an extremely wide range of 5-year survival rates. A composite method of sub-classification for N2 is likely to provide a more accurate method to more finely differentiate prognosis of N2 disease. METHODS: A total of 720 pN2 (T1-4N2M0) NSCLC cases were enrolled in our retrospective analysis of the proposed composite method. Survival rates were respectively calculated according to the N2 stratification methods: singly by "nodal stations", "nodal zones", or "nodal chains", or by combination of all three. Statistical analysis was carried out by Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models. RESULTS: A total of 10,199 lymph nodes (8059 mediastinal; 2140 hilar and intra-lobar) were removed. By nodal station, there were 173 cases of single-station involvement and 547 multi-stations. By nodal zone, there were 413 single-zone involvement and 307 with multiple zones. By nodal chain, there were 311 cases with single-chain and 409 multi-chain involvements. The overall 5-year survival was 20% and median survival time was 27.52 months. The 5-year survival was significantly better for cases of single-zone involvement, as compared to multi-zones (29% vs. 6%, p<0.0001). The 5-year survival rates of single- and multi-chains involvement were 36% and 8%, respectively (p<0.0001). When taking all of the above grouping methods into consideration, the N2 disease state could be further sub-classified into two subgroups with respective survival rates of 36% and 7% (p<0.0001). Subgroup I was composed of individuals with single-chain involvement and having either one or two station metastasis; individuals with any other metastasis combinations formed Subgroup II. Multivariate analysis revealed that the composite sub-classification method, number of positive lymph nodes, ratio of nodal metastasis, and pT information were the most important risk factors of 5-year survival. CONCLUSIONS: By combining the three N2 stratification methods based on "stations", "zones", and "chains" into one composite method, prognosis prediction was more accurate for N2 NSCLC disease. Single nodal chain involvement, which may be either one or two nodal stations metastasis, is associated with best outcome for pN2 patients.