Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for Staphylococcus aureus DNA Detection by Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Tag on Au Film Over Nanosphere Substrate.

We developed a high-performance surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensing platform that can be used for specific and sensitive DNA detection. The SERS platform combines the advantages of Au film over nanosphere (AuFON) substrate and Ag@PATP@SiO2 SERS tag. SERS tag-on-AuFON is a sensing system that operates by the self-assembly of SERS tag onto an AuFON substrate in the presence of target DNAs. The SERS signals can be dramatically enhanced by the formation of "hot spots" in the interstices between the assembled nanostructures, as confirmed by finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation. As a new sensing platform, SERS tag-on-AuFON was utilized to detect Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) DNA with a limit of detection at 1 nM. A linear relationship was also observed between the SERS intensity at Raman peak 1439 cm-1 and the logarithm of target DNA concentrations ranging from 1 µM to 1 nM. Besides, the sensing platform showed good homogeneity, with a relative standard deviation of about 1%. The sensitive SERS platform created in this study is a promising tool for detecting trace biochemical molecules because of its relatively simple and effective fabrication procedure, high sensitivity, and high reproducibility of the SERS effect.

[Identification of B (A) Blood Group and Blood Transfusion for patients with B (A) Blood Group].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the serological and molecular biological identification of B(A) blood group and its reasonable method of blood transfusion for patient with B(A) blood group. METHODS: The blood group of patient was detected by serological method, at the some time, the genotype of patient was detected by using the ABO-TYPE Variant kit and sequence analysis of 6 and 7 exons in ABO gene; the washed O red blood cells were used to cross matching blood of difficultly matching blood by the three step analysis method. RESULTS: The A weak and B strong agglutination were found in positive type, and A1C(3+), BC(-) were observed in negative type; the molecular biological identification showed B(A)04, 640 A > G; the matching blood main side of washed O red blood cells displayed no agglutination. CONCLUSION: The identification and analysis of rare blood or subtype should be very careful; if necessary, the molecular biological detection should carried out; the blood transfusion for patient with rate blood group or subtype should be safe, correct and reasonable.

Performance-enhancing methods for Au film over nanosphere surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate and melamine detection application.

A new high-performance surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate with extremely high SERS activity was produced. This SERS substrate combines the advantages of Au film over nanosphere (AuFON) substrate and Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs). A three order enhancement of SERS was observed when Rhodamine 6G (R6G) was used as a probe molecule to compare the SERS effects of the new substrate and commonly used AuFON substrate. These new SERS substrates can detect R6G down to 1 nM. The new substrate was also utilized to detect melamine, and the limit of detection (LOD) is 1 ppb. A linear relationship was also observed between the SERS intensity at Raman peak 682 cm(-1) and the logarithm of melamine concentrations ranging from 10 ppm to 1 ppb. This ultrasensitive SERS substrate is a promising tool for detecting trace chemical molecules because of its simple and effective fabrication procedure, high sensitivity and high reproducibility of the SERS effect.

[Identification and genotyping of difficult blood groups in the patients with phymatosis].

In part of the patients with blood disease or malignant tumors, especially those with leukemia and multiple myeloma, the disease state and unsuitable treatment often resulted in the inconsistence between positive and negative ABO blood group, displaying attenuation of the antigen or antibody of ABO blood group. This study was purposed to analyze the course of inconsistence between positive and negative ABO blood group and to perform the correct typing of erythrocytes and genes. The serology, absorption and elution test were used to examine the 12 tumor patient of the inconsistence between positive and negative typing. The 6th, 7th exon and 5-7th introns were amplified by PCR for questionable samples, and the gene sequencing of exon was performed. The results showed that 9 specimens were determined as 6 of A group, 2 of O group, 1 of B group, 3 cases were identified as O46, B108, and A102 group, respectively, by the serology, absorption and elution typing. The genotype of 2 cases among them was not identified because of the erroneous PCR amplified result or the contradicted sequencing results, failing to determine the ABO genotype. It is concluded that the serological method for blood grouping, genotyping, absorption and elution method can be used for the blood samples unable to typing because of the inconsistence between positive and negative typing of ABO group, therefore, guaranteeing the safety and effectiveness.

[Induction and mechanism study of anti-melanoma immune response by M. tuberculosis Ag85B].

AIM: To study the anti-melanoma immunity efficacy of Ag85B antigen gene therapy in vivo. METHODS: C57BL/6 mice were inoculated s.c. with B16 cells, and 8 days later the mice were inoculated s.c. again with B16 cells (control group 1), B16/pcDNA3 cells (control group 2) or B16/pcDNA3-Ag85B cells (experimental group), respectively. Tumor volume, survival time, serum IFN-gamma level and IL-4 level of 3 groups mice were observed. Antitumor activity of Ag85B was studied. RESULTS: From 12 to 23 day, the mean tumor volume of mice increased from 1.1058 cm(3) and 0.9123 cm(3) to 7.5983 cm(3) and 5.8746 cm(3) in the control group 1 and 2, respectively. But it increased from 0.5158 cm(3) to 1.5080 cm(3) in the experimental group. The mean survival time of mice was 24.1 days and 24.7 days in the control group 1 and 2, respectively. That was 27.8 days in the experimental group. Within 13 days after the last inoculation, the serum IFN-gamma level of all groups experienced increased (That increased to 26.3 ng/L, 23.0 ng/L and 25.2 ng/L in the control group 1, 2 and the experimental group, respectively). Subsequently, the serum IFN-gamma level in the two control groups decreased (That decreased to 19.3 ng/L and 18.3 ng/L in the control group 1 and 2) while it still augmented in the experimental group (That increased to 46.5 ng/L). IL-4 level was slightly but not significantly enhanced and then declined in all mice. CONCLUSION: Ag85B induced the increase of serum IFN-gamma level in the animals experiments, inhibited the tumor growth and prolonged the survival of the tumor-bearing mice.