In-MIL-68 derived In2O3/Fe2O3 shuttle-like structures with n-n heterojunctions to improve ethanol sensing performance.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have a variety of structures and unique properties that make them suitable for use in gas sensors. Herein, In2O3/Fe2O3 was successfully synthesized using simple solvothermal and impregnation methods. The response to 100 ppm of ethanol gas reached 67.5 at an optimum working temperature of 200 °C, and the response/recovery time was 9 s/236 s. The composite also exhibited excellent selectivity, repeatability, and long-term stability. SEM, TEM, XRD, and XPS were used for the characterization of materials. The excellent sensing performance of the sensors is attributed to the construction of n-n heterojunctions, an increase in oxygen vacancies, and the unique structural characteristics of MOFs. The above experimental results indicate that In-MIL-68-derived In2O3/Fe2O3 is a promising ethanol sensing material.

Early intervention of carbon dioxide fractional laser in hypertrophic scar through TGFß-1/ Smad3 signaling pathway.

Hypertrophic scars are usually the result of surgical trauma or burn,and more common in individuals with a darker skin color. They appear as red and raised lesions around the wound that continually expand over a period of weeks or months, causing itching, pain, burning sensation and discomfort. Severe scarring affects interpersonal and social relationships, and decreases the quality of life of the patients.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of carbon dioxide fractional laser as an early intervention against hypertrophic scars using a rabbit ear scar model, and explore the role of the TGFß-1/ Smad3 signaling pathway in scar hyperplasia. Four wounds were made into each ear of rabbits, and divided into the untreated control and three laser-treatment groups. The experimental groups received laser intervention once, twice and thrice respectively. laser treatment significantly inhibited the formation of hypertrophic scars, and maximum benefits were seen in the wounds that received three laser treatments. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the in situ expression of TGFß-1 and Smad3 in the scars decreased by varying degrees after laser intervention, and was most obvious after three laser interventions. Furthermore, the expression levels were the lowest at the end of 6 months after modeling. Therefore, we can assume that early intervention with carbon dioxide fractional laser can prevent formation of hypertrophic scars by regulating the TGF-ß1/Smad3 pathway.

History of pediatric TBI hospitalization and current child-parent relationship quality in China.

BACKGROUND: Long-term child-parent relationship quality following hospitalization for pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: We tested whether current child-parent conflict and closeness were related to the children's history of TBI-related experiences and contemporary child/family characteristics. METHODS: The sample included 202 Chinese children (Boys: 60.4%) with a history of hospitalization for TBI. On average, the children were 11.2 years old (SD = 1.59) and sustained TBI at 8.5 years old (SD = 1.6). TBI-related data were obtained from hospital medical records. Parents provided data on child-parent closeness, child-parent conflict, and parental efficacy 2-4 years (M = 2.7, SD = 0.7) after discharge. RESULTS: Forty-nine children (24.3%) had mild TBI, 139 (68.8%) had moderate TBI, and 14 (6.9%) had severe TBI. Surgical intervention occurred among 128 (63.4%) of the 202 children. Contemporaneous child and family characteristics explained 19% of the variance, history of surgery, length of hospitalization, and recovery status explained another 7%, and the interaction between length of hospitalization and parental efficacy explained another 4% in child-parent conflict. Contemporaneous child and family characteristics explained 29% of the variance, and TBI-related variables explained another 2% in child-parent closeness. CONCLUSION: Post-TBI child-parent relationship was more associated with child/family characteristics than with TBI variables. Practitioners and families should be aware of the long-term challenges to child-parent relationship following hospitalization for pediatric TBI.

Study on the Application of Concentrated Growth Factor Combined With Adipose Transplantation in Repairing Depressed Deformities of Soft Tissue in the Face.

BACKGROUND: Autologous fat is a rich source of adipose tissue that is safe for transplantation. Decreasing the long-term absorption rate is key to improve the survival of transplanted adipose tissue. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of concentrated growth factor (CGF) on the survival of transplanted adipose tissue for repair of facial depression malformations. METHODS: Coleman adipose granules (CAGs) were prepared from venous blood. In the animal experiment, the ears of 30 healthy male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 groups: CGF + CAG (CGF group), platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) + CAG (PRF group), CAG alone (CAG group), and adipose granule transplantation group (control group). Postoperative survival of the transplanted adipose tissue was assessed, the survival and absorption rates of adipose were calculated, and immunohistochemical analysis of specimens was conducted by staining with hematoxylin and eosin and Oil Red O. Of 43 outpatients, 22 received simple adipose transplantation and 21 received autologous CGF combined with adipose transplantation. The adipose absorption rate, complication rate, and cosmetic improvement of the 2 groups were compared. RESULTS: More adipocytes that are normal were observed in the CGF group, with fewer vacuoles and more uniform distribution of adipose tissue. Survival of the adipose tissue was superior in the CGF and PRF groups. Meanwhile, vascular density and long-term stability were better in the CGF group than the PRF group. In terms of clinical efficacy, the uniformity and survival rate of the adipose tissue were relatively improved in the CGF group compared with the simple adipose particle transplantation group, with less early liquefaction. CONCLUSION: Concentrated growth factor stabilized and improved the survival of transplanted adipose tissue for filling of facial depression malformations.

Evaluation of the red & blue LED effects on cutaneous refractory wound healing in male Sprague-Dawley rat using 3 different multi-drug resistant bacteria.

OBJECTIVES: Photobiomodulation (PBM) is widely used in clinical therapy, and is an effective approach to resist the bacterial infection of the cutaneous wound and modulate the wound healing process. Due to the several detriments of lasers, Red & Blue LED light (RBLL) may be a more viable light source. This study is aimed to evaluate and compare the therapeutic effect of RBLL light on different multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria in vitro and male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat refractory MDR infection wound model in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Extended-spectrum ß-lactamases -producing Escherichia coli (ESBLs-Eco), and the MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR-Pae) were employed to evaluate the antibacterial effects of the Blue LED light in vitro. Effects of RBLL on in vivo wound healing were evaluated by analyzing time to closure, wound score, semi-quantitative test for bacterial culture, histopathological examination and Masson staining of skin tissue, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, and western blot analysis (WB) of wound tissue. RESULTS: Blue LED light inhibited MRSA, ESBLs-Eco, and MDR-Pae in vitro study. In vivo, RBLL accelerated wound healing, reduced levels of pathogenic bacteria on the wound surface while increasing the blood supply to the wound surface and inhibiting the excessive inflammatory response. CONCLUSION: RBLL showed a great potential gain for the treatment of MDR bacterial infected wounds, suggesting PBM therapy is an inexpensive, convenient, pain-free, and safe therapeutic intervention for refractory MDR infection wounds.

Measurement of bistatic sea surface scattering with a parametric acoustic source.

This work presents the results from a series of bistatic sea surface scattering experiments conducted in shallow water using a parametric acoustic array as a source and a receiver comprising a horizontal linear array. The experiments measured scattering at three frequencies (4, 8, and 15 kHz) and at three incident grazing angles (13º, 20º, and 30º). The measurements were made over a 5 day period during which a variety of environmental conditions were encountered. This paper provides an outline of the experiments and presents some results for the forward scattering strength. The results show that the wave direction has a significant effect on the surface forward scattering. At each incident grazing angle, the fluctuations of scattering strength due to environmental conditions decreases as the frequency increases.

Concentration-Dependent Inhibition of Hypertrophic Scar Formation by Botulinum Toxin Type A in a Rabbit Ear Model.

BACKGROUND: Hypertrophic scar (HS), as a disappointing result of wound healing, adversely affects the patient, both physically and psychologically. Botulinum toxin type A (BTXA) has been revealed to prevent and improve HS. We conducted this study to assess the effect of different BTXA concentrations on inhibiting HS in a rabbit ear model. METHODS: Eight healthy New Zealand long-eared rabbits were included in the experiment for modeling. Four wounds of 1 cm in diameter were created on both ears, which separately received an injection of a given BTXA concentration immediately after surgery. On postoperative days 40, scar tissue was obtained and subjected to hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining for the hypertrophic index (HI) and immunohistochemical staining for CD31, Ki67, and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-ß1) expression. The HI was assessed for scar proliferation, and CD31 and Ki67 expression were used to assess the effect of BTXA on angiogenesis and fibroblast proliferation, respectively. RESULTS: All rabbits healed well without infection or mortality. From the HE staining, the HI showed a significant decrease with increasing BTXA concentration (p < 0.05). BTXA also inhibited angiogenesis and TGF-ß1 expression in a concentration-dependent manner, with significant differences between the groups (p < 0.05). BTXA inhibited fibroblast proliferation with increasing BTXA concentration. However, there was no significant difference between the 0.5 U/0.1 ml and 0 U/0.1 ml groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Immediate postoperative BTXA injection inhibited angiogenesis, fibroblast proliferation, and TGF-ß1 expression in a concentration-dependent manner, thus suppressing HS formation in rabbit ears. NO LEVEL ASSIGNED: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes Review Articles, Book Reviews, and manuscripts that concern Basic Science, Animal Studies, Cadaver Studies, and Experimental Studies. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors https://www.springer.com/journal/00266 .

Anemia and Low Albumin Levels Are Associated with Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Pregnancy: A Case-Control Study.

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the most common form of pneumonia in pregnancy and may lead to severe adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Severe CAP (SCAP) is defined as the need for invasive mechanical ventilation and with septic shock with the need for vasopressors. This study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics and factors associated with SCAP in pregnancy. The present study was a case-control study of pregnant women hospitalized between September 2012 and September 2017 at nine tertiary hospitals in China. Among 358,424 pregnant women, we found 35 SCAP cases and 393 common CAP cases. The 35 SCAP cases were matched 1:4 with common CAP cases (n = 140), based on patient age and gestational weeks. Infection indicators, hemoglobin, platelets, coagulation function, liver, and kidney function markers, myocardial enzyme, arterial oxygen pressure/fraction inspired oxygen (PO2/FiO2), and partial echocardiographic results were different between the two groups at admission (all P < 0.05). The univariable analyses indicated significant differences for hemoglobin, BMI, irregular obstetric examination, albumin, and white blood cells (all P < 0.05) between the common CAP and SCAP groups. The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that hemoglobin (OR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.77-0.97, P = 0.01), BMI (OR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.22-0.81, P = 0.01), and serum albumin (OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.19-0.69, P = 0.002) were independently associated with SCAP. Anemia and low serum albumin are possibly associated with SCAP in pregnancy. The results indicate that anemia and albumin levels should be examined and properly treated in pregnant women with CAP.

Antiviral efficacy of entecavir for hepatitis B virus rtA181V/T mutants.

BACKGROUND: The amino acid substitution at position 181 of the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) polymerase is a multi-drug resistance affecting both the L-nucleoside and acyclic phosphonate nucleotide groups. Data is limited on the efficacy of entecavir (ETV) rescuing chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with rtA181T/V mutation. METHODS: Thirty-one patients with rtA181T/V mutation and 25 patients with rtA181T/V and rtN236T mutation were enrolled. Virological, serological and biochemical outcomes of ETV rescue therapy over 12 months in CHB patients with rtA181T/V mutation strains were investigated. All patients were treated with ETV 0.5 mg/day for 12 months and scheduled follow-up every 3 months. Patients' characteristics, laboratory tests results and clinical outcomes were collected and compared. RESULTS: After emergence of rtA181T/V mutant, serum HBV DNA levels increased over 4 log10 IU/mL, but the total bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels raised moderately. No significant difference in baseline characteristics was observed between the rtA181T/V group and rtA181T/V + rtN236T group. After 12 months rescue therapy, total 85.7% (48/56) patients achieved HBV DNA undetectable. No significant difference in the mean reduction of serum HBV DNA and biochemical response was observed between both groups (3.59 ± 1.85 vs. 3.76 ± 2.15 log10 IU/ml; P = 0.756 and 90.3 vs. 80.0%; P = 0.272, respectively). The mean HBV DNA reduction, HBsAg and ALT levels were also similar between different rtA181T/sW172 mutations (P > 0.05). HBV DNA level is the only predictor of 12 months antiviral outcomes (odds ratio 6.723, P = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study suggested that ETV is efficient in rescuing rtA181T/V mutation CHB patients. HBV DNA level could predict viral clearance at the 12th month.

Surgical Treatments for Infantile Purulent Meningitis Complicated by Subdural Effusion.

BACKGROUND: Infantile purulent meningitis (PM) is a commonly severe intracranial infectious disease in infants under age 1 year. In recent years, several diagnostic and treatment methods were reported, but in these cases the neurological complications and sequel were often observed, among which subdural effusion (SE) is the most common complication in PM. Timely diagnosis and early intervention are vital for better outcomes. In this study, the surgical treatments for infantile PM complicated by SE were investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients who had PM complicated by SE in the Children's Hospital of Hebei Province from June 2000 to June 2012 were retrospectively analyzed and 170 patients were enrolled in the study. Surgical treatment for each patient was adopted according to producing effusion time, leucocyte count, protein content, intracranial pressure, and bacteria culture, coupled with cranial ultrasound examination, CT, and MRI scans. RESULTS: Nearly, 15 patients were cured using serial taps, with a 50% cure rate. Seventeen out of 30 (56.6%) patients receiving subcutaneous reservoir drainage had better outcome. Nearly 80% of patients (55/69) who underwent minimally invasive trepanation and drainage were positive. Surgical procedure of minimally invasive trepanation and drainage combined with drug douche was effective in 63% of patients (19/30). In addition, 6 patients were cured with subdural-peritoneal shunt. Only 1 patient died, after the recurrence of meningitis, and the remaining 4 patients were cured by craniotomy. CONCLUSIONS: For infantile PM complicated with SE, treatment needs be chosen according to the specific situation. Surgical procedure of minimally invasive trepanation and drainage is a very effective treatment in curing PM complicated by SE. The treatment was highly effective with the use of drug douche. Subdural-peritoneal shunt and craniotomy were as effective as in refractory cases.

Screening of the effective sites of Cichorium glandulosum against hyperuricemia combined with hyperlipidemia and its network pharmacology analysis.

Cichorium glandulosum, a common traditional Chinese medicine used by Uyghur and Mongolian ethnic groups, is recognized for its potential to ameliorate metabolic disorders. However, the specific efficacy and mechanisms of Cichorium glandulosum in treating the comorbidity of hyperuricaemia and hyperlipidaemia remain unexplored. This study aims to explore the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of Cichorium glandulosum on this comorbidity through a combination of animal experiments, network pharmacology, and molecular docking techniques. A rat model of hyperuricaemia combined with hyperlipidaemia was established through a high-fat and high-purine diet, and the effective parts of the aqueous extract of Cichorium glandulosum to reduce uric acid and lipid levels were screened and the components of the parts were analysed by LC-MS/MS. The active components, core targets, and key pathways were analysed using network pharmacology and validated by molecular docking. Animal experimental results indicated that the n-butanol extract of Cichorium glandulosum showed a significant therapeutic effect on this comorbidity. Analysis of the n-butanol extract yielded 35 active ingredients and 138 intersecting targets related to diseases. Key targets identified through compound-target-pathway (C-T-P) and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) analyses included RELA, CASP3, PTGS2, TNF, and ESR1. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses revealed 2515 functional items and 164 pathways, respectively. Molecular docking demonstrated that isochlorogenic acid A, baicalin, chicoric acid, and lactucopicrin showed the highest binding affinity to RELA and PTGS2. The n-butanol fraction from the aqueous extract of Cichorium glandulosum was found to reduce uric acid and lipid levels effectively. In summary, Cichorium glandulosum has a therapeutic effect on hyperuricaemia combined with hyperlipidaemia through its multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway characteristics.

Clinical analysis of hyperbaric oxygen combined with subdural drilling and drainage in the management of subdural effusion type IV with intracranial infection in infant patients.

Background: To explore the therapeutic effect of hyperbaric oxygen combined with subdural drilling and drainage (SDD) on subdural effusion type IV with intracranial infection in infant patients. Methods: This retrospective controlled study included 328 infant patients with subdural effusion type 4 with intracranial infection between January 2005 and January 2023. 178 patients were treated by hyperbaric oxygen combined with SDD (group A). 142 cases were treated with SDD (group B). 97 infants were only received hyperbaric oxygen (group C). Clinical outcomes, the control time of intracranial infection, complications, and the degree of brain re-expansion after 6 months of treatment were compared among the three groups. According to the comprehensive evaluation of treatment effectiveness and imaging results, it is divided into four levels: cured, significantly effective, improved, and ineffective. Results: No patient died during follow-up. The three groups were similar regarding age, sex, the general information, and clinical symptoms (p > 0.05). All intracranial infections in the children were effectively controlled. There was no difference in infection control time between group A and group B, and there was no statistical significance. However, the control time of intracranial infection between the two groups was different from that of group C, which was statistically significant. Compared with group B and group C, the degree of brain re-expansion in group A has obvious advantages and significant differences. The effective rates of the three groups were 83.7%, 58.5%, and 56.7%, respectively. There were 28 cases of subcutaneous hydrops in group A and 22 cases of subcutaneous hydrops in group B after operation, and no other serious complications. Conclusion: The SDD is safe and effective for infant patients with intracranial infections through fluid replacement and intrathecal antibacterial. Hyperbaric oxygen is effective as an adjuvant therapy to promote brain re-expansion.

Dietary N-carbamylglutamate supplementation improves ammonia tolerance of juvenile yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco.

Introduction: Ammonia has been of concern for its high toxicity to animals. N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) can reduce blood ammonia levels in mammals, but studies on ammonia tolerance in fish are insufficient. Methods: Juvenile yellow catfish were fed two levels of NCG (0.00% and 0.05%) for 84 days under three ammonia levels (0.00, 0.08, and 0.16 mg/L NH3). Results and Discussion: The results showed that survival rate (SUR), final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG), and serum total protein (TP), triglycerides (TG), glucose (Glu), ornithine (Orn), citrulline (Cit) contents, and liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), arginase (ARG), ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) activities decreased with the increase of ammonia levels, on the contrary, feed conversion ratio (FCR), hepatosomatic index (HSI), and serum ammonia, urea, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glutamine (Gln), arginine (Arg) contents, and liver malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL) 1, IL 8 contents, and mRNA expressions of cu/zn sod, cat, gpx, gr, tnf ɑ, il 1, and il 8 were significantly increased. Dietary 0.05% NCG supplementation had higher SUR, FBW, WG, feed intake (FI), whole-body protein, and serum TP, total cholesterol (TC), Glu, citrulline (Cit) contents, and liver SOD, GPx, argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS), argininosuccinate lyase (ASL), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activities compared to 0.00% NCG group, but had lower serum ammonia, urea, ALT, AST, Gln, Arg contents, and liver MDA, TNF, IL 1, IL 8 contents, and neuronal nitric oxide synthase activity. At the end of bacterial challenge, cumulative mortality (CM) increased with ammonia levels increased, but serum antibody titer (AT), lysozyme (LYZ) activity, 50% hemolytic complement, immunoglobulin (Ig) contents, respiratory burst (RB), phagocytic indices decreased with ammonia levels increased. CM in 0.05% NCG group was lower than that in 0.00% NCG group, but serum AT, LYZ activity, Ig content, RB in 0.05% NCG group were significantly higher. The correlation analysis found that iNOS was positively correlated with ASS activity. This study indicates that dietary NCG supplementation can improve the ammonia tolerance of yellow catfish, and ASS may also be the target of NCG to activate the urea cycle.

Plugging Characteristics and Evaluation Predicting Models by Controllable Self-Aggregation Nanoparticles in Pore Throat Microcapillaries.

Injecting nanoparticle profile agents into low-permeability heterogeneous reservoirs to plugging water breakthrough channels is a widely used technical method to enhance oil recovery. However, insufficient research on the plugging characteristics and prediction models of nanoparticle profile agents in the pore throat has led to a poor profile control effect, short profile control action time, and poor injection performance in the actual reservoir. This study uses controllable self-aggregation nanoparticles with a diameter of 500 nm and different concentrations as profile control agents. Microcapillaries of different diameter sizes were used to simulate the pore throat structure and flow space of oil reservoirs. Based on a large number of cross-physical simulation experimental data, the plugging characteristics of controllable self-aggregation nanoparticles in the pore throat were analyzed. Gray correlation analysis (GRA) and gene expression programming algorithm (GEP) analysis were used to determine the key factors affecting the resistance coefficient and plugging rate of profile control agents. With the help of GeneXproTools, the evolutionary algebra 3000 was selected to obtain the calculation formula and prediction model of the resistance coefficient and plugging rate of the injected nanoparticles in the pore throat. The experimental results show that the controllable self-aggregation nanoparticles will achieve effective plugging when the pressure gradient is greater than 100 MPa/m in the pore throat, and when the injection pressure gradient is 20-100 MPa/m, the nanoparticle solution will be in the aggregation to breakthrough state in the pore throat. The main factors affecting the injectability of nanoparticles, from strong to weak, are as follows: injection speed > pore length > concentration > pore diameter. The main factors affecting the plugging rate of nanoparticles, from strong to weak, are as follows: pore length > injection speed > concentration > pore diameter. The prediction model can effectively predict the injection performance and plugging performance of controllable self-aggregating nanoparticles in the pore throat. The prediction accuracy of the injection resistance coefficient is 0.91, and the accuracy of the plugging rate is 0.93 in the prediction model.

Hydrothermal synthesis of a bimetallic metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived Co3O4/SnO2 composite as an effective material for ethanol detection.

This study utilized a hydrothermal method and air calcination to prepare a bimetallic metal-organic framework (MOF) derived Co3O4/SnO2 nanocomposite material, which was employed as a sensing material for ethanol detection. The structure, elemental composition, and surface morphology of Co3O4/SnO2 nanocomposite materials were defined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Compared to SnO2 nanoparticles derived from metal-organic frameworks, the bimetallic metal-organic framework-derived Co3O4/SnO2 nanocomposite material exhibits significantly superior ethanol sensing performance. At 225 °C, the response value (R = Ra/Rg) to 100 ppm ethanol is 135, demonstrating excellent repeatability, selectivity and stability. Gas sensitivity assessment findings indicate that the 3 at% (Co/Sn) Co3O4/SnO2 nanocomposite is an excellent gas sensing material, providing strong technical support for ethanol detection and environmental monitoring.

Effects of modified external ventricular drainage vs. an Ommaya reservoir in the management of hydrocephalus with intracranial infection in pediatric patients.

Background: Hydrocephalus with intracranial infection (HII) may cause pathological changes in brain tissue structure and irreversible damage to the nervous system. However, intracranial infection is a contraindication to ventriculo-peritoneal (VP) shunt surgery, and the prognosis is improved by early infection control and intracranial pressure reduction. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of the Ommaya reservoir vs. modified external ventricular drainage (M-EVD) in the management of HII in pediatric patients. Methods: This retrospective controlled study included 45 pediatric patients with HII treated with an Ommaya reservoir (n = 24) or M-EVD (n = 21) between January 2018 and December 2022. Clinical outcomes, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) test results, complications, and outcomes were compared between the Ommaya reservoir and M-EVD groups. Results: No patient died during the follow-up period. The two groups were similar regarding age, sex, admission temperature, weight, preoperative serum protein and albumin concentrations, CSF analysis (white blood cell count, glucose concentration, and protein content), and clinical symptoms (P > 0.05). Both groups had significant changes in the CSF test results postoperatively compared with preoperatively (P < 0.05). In the M-EVD group, the median days for 13 children to remove the external drainage tube and receive VP shunt was 19 days. The longest drainage tube retention time was 61 days, and there was no intracranial infection or serious complication related to the drainage tube. After the placement of the Ommaya, the median time required for CSF to return to normal was 21 days, and a total of 15 patients underwent VP shunt surgery. Conclusion: The Ommaya reservoir and M-EVD are safe and effective for pediatric patients with HII. Both methods reduce the intracranial pressure and alleviate the symptoms of hydrocephalus, although there are differences between the two methods.

Risk Analysis of 24 Residual Antibiotics in Poultry Eggs in Shandong, China (2018-2020).

Although antibiotics have played a certain positive role in the prevention and treatment of poultry diseases, as well as the promotion of poultry growth, some farmers use antibiotics in an incorrect way in the breeding process, resulting in antibiotic residues in poultry tissues, organs and edible products. Residual antibiotics enter the human body through the food chain and accumulate, which not only causes poisoning and allergic reactions, but also drug resistance of pathogenic microorganisms, thus endangering the health of consumers. In this investigation, the residues of 24 antibiotics, including fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides, macrolides, tetracyclines, antivirals, lincomycin and florfenicol, were analyzed in 1211 poultry egg samples in Shandong, China, from 2018 to 2020. Then, based on the per capita intake of poultry eggs recommended in the dietary guidelines of Chinese residents, the maximum residue limit of veterinary drugs specified in Chinese regulations and the average weight of males and females aged 18 and over in 2020, the risk of residual antibiotics was evaluated by International Food Safety indices (IFS). The detection results showed that 104 of 1211 samples were detected with antibiotic residues, with a detection rate of 8.58%. Among them, the main residues were enrofloxacin, sulfonamides and florfenicol. The IFS calculation results showed that the IFS of residual antibiotics ranged from 1.44 × 10-7 to 0.102. Therefore, although enrofloxacin, sarafloxacin, danofloxacin, sulfonamides, tilmicosin, doxycycline, florfenicol, which are banned during egg laying, were detected in poultry eggs in Shandong, these residues did not pose a threat to the health of Chinese adult consumers, according to the daily dietary habits of Chinese people. However, it is strongly suggested that Shandong should strengthen the monitoring of antibiotic use during egg laying.

An electrochemical sensor based on a MOF/ZnO composite for the highly sensitive detection of Cu(ii) in river water samples.

Cu(ii) ions are one of the most common forms of copper present in water and can cause bioaccumulation and toxicity in the human body; therefore, sensitive and selective detection methods are required. Herein, a copper ion sensor based on a UiO-66-NH2/ZnO composite material is proposed. The UiO-66-NH2/ZnO nanocomposite was prepared by an ultrasonic mixing method. The morphology and structure of the nanocomposite were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The sensitivity to Cu(ii) is 6.46 µA µM-1 and the detection limit is 0.01435 µM. The composite material is rich in -OH and -NH2 groups, which are active sites for Cu(ii) adsorption. The UiO-66-NH2/ZnO-modified electrode has good repeatability and anti-interference ability. The sensor was successfully used for the determination of Cu(ii) in an actual water sample.

[Single-port laparoscopic ligation with suture silk for varicocele: a report of 20 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical effect of single-port laparoscopic ligation (SPLL) with suture silk for the management of varicocele. METHODS: We analyzed the clinical effects of SPLL with suture silk in the treatment of 20 cases of varicocele, and compared them with those of conventional three-port laparoscopic ligation (TPLL) for another 24 varicocele patients. RESULTS: All the operations were successful. The operation time was 20-35 (mean 28) minutes and the hospital stay was 2 days for SPLL, as compared with 15-28 (mean 20) minutes and 3 days for TPLL. The cure rate was 75% for the former, and 67% for the latter, with no signification difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: SPLL with suture silk for the treatment of varicocele has more advantages over TPLL for minimal invasiveness, faster recovery, and less scarring and extraneous residual.

The Research Progress of Electrical Impedance Tomography for Lung Monitoring.

Medical imaging can intuitively show people the internal structure, morphological information, and organ functions of the organism, which is one of the most important inspection methods in clinical medical diagnosis. Currently used medical imaging methods can only be applied to some diagnostic occasions after qualitative lesions have been generated, and the general imaging technology is usually accompanied by radiation and other conditions. However, electrical impedance tomography has the advantages of being noninvasive and non-radiative. EIT (Electrical Impedance Tomography) is also widely used in the early diagnosis and treatment of some diseases because of these advantages. At present, EIT is relatively mature and more and more image reconstruction algorithms are used to improve imaging resolution. Hardware technology is also developing rapidly, and the accuracy of data collection and processing is continuously improving. In terms of clinical application, EIT has also been used for pathological treatment of lungs, the brain, and the bladder. In the future, EIT has a good application prospect in the medical field, which can meet the needs of real-time, long-term monitoring and early diagnosis. Aiming at the application of EIT in the treatment of lung pathology, this article reviews the research progress of EIT, image reconstruction algorithms, hardware system design, and clinical applications used in the treatment of lung diseases. Through the research and introduction of several core components of EIT technology, it clarifies the characteristics of EIT system complexity and its solutions, provides research ideas for subsequent research, and once again verifies the broad development prospects of EIT technology in the future.