RESUMEN
Smoking is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanisms behind how smoking leads to vasospasm are not fully elucidated. Endothelin receptors are involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. This study examined whether cigarette smoke could induce up-regulation of vascular endothelin receptors through AMPK-SIRT1 and MAPK pathways. The results show that DMSO-soluble smoking particles (DSP) up-regulated the protein expressions of endothelin receptors and the contractile responses. Furthermore, the inhibition of MAPK or activation of AMPK-SIRT1 markedly attenuated DSP-enhanced vasoconstriction and the protein expression of endothelin receptors. The in vivo study showed that cigarette smoke increased the blood pressure of the rats and down-regulated p-AMPKα, SIRT1, and up-regulated endothelin receptors, p-ERK1/2, and p-P38 protein expressions. However, treatment with resveratrol attenuated vasoconstriction, endothelin receptor proteins expression, and blood pressure in vivo. In conclusion, this suggests that cigarette smoke up-regulates the vascular endothelin receptors through AMPK-SIRT1 and MAPK pathways.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares , Receptores de Endotelina , Ratas , Animales , Receptores de Endotelina/metabolismo , Sirtuina 1 , Dimetilsulfóxido , Proteínas Quinasas Activadas por AMP , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Nicotiana/metabolismo , FumarRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Danhong injection (DHI) has been widely in the treatment of chronic heart failure (CHF) in China; however, there is not enough clinical evidence DHI for treating CHF. METHODS: Two researchers will search literatures of DHI for CHF in databases. Extracted data are analyzed with Review Manager 5.3 software. The selected studies should be conducted quality evaluation, forest plots and funnel plots will be run by RevMan5.3. RESULTS: This systematic review validates the clinical efficacy and safety of DHI in the treatment of CHF through the analysis of New York Heart Association functional classification, left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, cardiac output, brain natriuretic peptide, adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review will be provided a rational clinical evidence to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of DHI for the treatment of CHF. REGISTRATION NUMBER: PROSPERO CRD42019144686.
Asunto(s)
Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/uso terapéutico , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedad Crónica , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/administración & dosificación , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/efectos adversos , Humanos , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Proyectos de Investigación , Volumen Sistólico/efectos de los fármacos , Función Ventricular Izquierda/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Compound danshen dripping pills (CDDP) and trimetazidine (TMZ) are commonly used in the treatment of unstable angina pectoris (UAP). Currently, the combination of CDDP and TMZ has been widely used for UAP. However, the clinical evidence CDDP combined with TMZ for treating UAP is not sufficient. METHODS: We searched for randomized controlled trials testing CDDP combined with TMZ for the treatment of UAP in Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure database, VIP database, Chinese Biological and Medicine database, Wangfang database, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Extracted data are analyzed using Review Manager 5.3 software. The quality evaluation, forest plots and funnel plots will be conducted by RevMan5.3 software. Moreover, subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis will also be completed by RevMan5.3. RESULTS: This systematic review will provide powerful clinical evidence of combination CDDP and TMZ for treating UAP. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review will be provided up-to-date clinical evidence to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of CDDP combined with TMZ for the treatment of parents with UAP.Registration Number: PROSPERO CRD42019143100.
Asunto(s)
Angina Inestable/tratamiento farmacológico , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/uso terapéutico , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Revisiones Sistemáticas como Asunto , Trimetazidina/uso terapéutico , Vasodilatadores/uso terapéutico , Canfanos , Humanos , Panax notoginseng , Salvia miltiorrhizaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Chronic heart failure (CHF) is one of the most serious cardiovascular diseases. Shenqi Fuzheng injection (SQFZI), as a Chinese herbal injection, is usually used for the treatment of CHF. However, the clinical evidence of SQFZI for the treatment of CHF is unclear. METHODS: Two researchers will dependently search literatures of SQFZI for CHF from Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure database, VIP database, Chinese Biological and Medicine database, Wangfang database, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Web of Science. These inclusive data of included studies will be conducted by RevMan 5.3 software. RESULTS: This meta-analysis and systematic review will provide a series of outcome measures to verify clinical efficacy and safety of SQFZI for treating CHF, including New York Heart Association (NYHA) function classification, left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, cardiac output, stroke volume, brain natriuretic peptide, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, and adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis and systematic review will provide up-to-date clinical evidence to assess SQFZI treatment efficacy for CHF patients.