[Complex treatment of breast cancer patients with brain metastases].

Brain metastases in breast cancer develop for 24-32 months after the detection of the primary tumor. The study included patients with brain metastases who were divided into three groups: the first group--with early chemoradiotherapy (CRT) without induction chemotherapy (IC) by capecitabine; the second group--with delayed CRT with 4 or 8 courses of IC by capecitabine; the third group (a historical control) who received only whole brain radiation therapy. The median time to progression of intracranial metastases was 15.3, 12 and 5 months, respectively. The median time to the intracranial progression significantly less in the third group (5 months) compared with the first (15.3 months) (p = 0.0007) and the second (12 months) (p = 0.027) groups. The overall survival rate was 22.1, 15.1 and 6.8 months in three groups, respectively.

[The role of stereotactic radiotherapy in the treatment of patients with liver metastases].

Application of modern linear electron accelerators, equipped with precise navigation systems, maximum conformal dose delivery as well as imaging of irradiated focus significantly increased possibilities of escalating of doses of ionizing radiation in a selected volume with the necessary protection of the surrounding critical structures. These technological solutions and modern ideas about possibilities of remote beam radiation therapy resulted in a significant increase of the role of radiation therapy and, in particular, stereotactic radiotherapy in the treatment of patients with liver metastases. This technique allows creating locally in metastatic tumor site a high dose of ionizing radiation causing by that the destruction of the tumor. This promising direction in treatment of liver metastases significantly expanded possibilities of complex treatment and enabled us to provide specific assistance to those patients who have been rejected from other methods of treatment.

[Possibilities of stereotactic radiotherapy in the palliative treatment of patients with pancreatic cancer].

Morbidity and mortality from pancreatic cancer is steadily increasing. Resectable cases are not more than 20%. Conventional schemes of chemoradiation and radiation therapy are durable over the time, have toxicity and low treatment outcomes. Many foreign authors consider as promising the technique of stereotactic radiotherapy, which is often used in pancreatic cancer and permit achieving high local control. At our institution there has been developed and introduced into clinical practice a method of stereotactic radiotherapy for the palliative treatment of patients with pancreatic cancer, which improved not only the duration but also the quality of life of patients.

[Results of complex treatment of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal using advanced radiotherapy technologies].

During recent decades radiotherapy is the basis, on which it is built a medical complex that is the first-line treatment of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal. An increase of overall and disease-free survival and quality of life of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal at the present stage of development of a comprehensive medical treatment is largely due to the improvement of technical equipment of radiotherapy departments of oncology clinics. The use of modem linear electron accelerators and systems of computer dosimetric planning to create a 3D program of isodose distribution, diagnostic devices (computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) as well as a number of other conditions permit accurate summarizing of proposed dose, reducing of absorbed dose to critical structures, diminishing unplanned interruptions in chemoradiotherapy course by means of modern technologies of conformal radiotherapy (3D CRT, IMRT, VMAT). The paper presents the preliminary results of a comprehensive medical treatment of 14 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal.