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1.
Nat Methods ; 19(3): 359-369, 2022 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35277709

RESUMEN

Long-term visualization of the dynamic interactions between intracellular structures throughout the three-dimensional space of whole live cells is essential to better understand their functions, but this task remains challenging due to the limitations of existing three-dimensional fluorescence microscopy techniques, such as an insufficient axial resolution, low volumetric imaging rate and photobleaching. Here, we present the combination of a progressive deep-learning super-resolution strategy with a double-ring-modulated selective plane illumination microscopy design capable of visualizing the dynamics of intracellular structures in live cells for hours at an isotropic spatial resolution of roughly 100 nm in three dimensions at speeds up to roughly 17 Hz. Using this approach, we reveal the complex spatial relationships and interactions between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria throughout live cells, providing new insights into ER-mediated mitochondrial division. We also examined the motion of Drp1 oligomers involved in mitochondrial fission and revealed the dynamic interactions between Drp1 and mitochondria in three dimensions.


Asunto(s)
Retículo Endoplásmico , Mitocondrias , Retículo Endoplásmico/metabolismo , Imagenología Tridimensional/métodos , Microscopía Fluorescente/métodos , Fotoblanqueo
2.
Cancer Immunol Immunother ; 73(3): 41, 2024 Feb 13.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38349474

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The tumor microenvironment (TME) encompasses a variety of cells that influence immune responses and tumor growth, with tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) being a crucial component of the TME. TAM can guide prostate cancer in different directions in response to various external stimuli. METHODS: First, we downloaded prostate cancer single-cell sequencing data and second-generation sequencing data from multiple public databases. From these data, we identified characteristic genes associated with TAM clusters. We then employed machine learning techniques to select the most accurate TAM gene set and developed a TAM-related risk label for prostate cancer. We analyzed the tumor-relatedness of the TAM-related risk label and different risk groups within the population. Finally, we validated the accuracy of the prognostic label using single-cell sequencing data, qPCR, and WB assays, among other methods. RESULTS: In this study, the TAM_2 cell cluster has been identified as promoting the progression of prostate cancer, possibly representing M2 macrophages. The 9 TAM feature genes selected through ten machine learning methods and demonstrated their effectiveness in predicting the progression of prostate cancer patients. Additionally, we have linked these TAM feature genes to clinical pathological characteristics, allowing us to construct a nomogram. This nomogram provides clinical practitioners with a quantitative tool for assessing the prognosis of prostate cancer patients. CONCLUSION: This study has analyzed the potential relationship between TAM and PCa and established a TAM-related prognostic model. It holds promise as a valuable tool for the management and treatment of PCa patients.


Asunto(s)
Macrófagos , Neoplasias de la Próstata , Masculino , Humanos , Neoplasias de la Próstata/genética , Macrófagos Asociados a Tumores , Aprendizaje Automático , Nomogramas , Microambiente Tumoral/genética
3.
Small ; : e2403300, 2024 Jul 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38966902

RESUMEN

Pore size sieving, Donnan exclusion, and their combined effects seriously affect ion separation of membrane processes. However, traditional polymer-based membranes face some challenges in precisely controlling both charge distribution and pore size on the membrane surface, which hinders the ion separation performance, such as heavy metal ion removal. Herein, the heterocharged covalent organic framework (COF) membrane is reported by assembling two kinds of ionic COF nanosheets with opposite charges and different pore sizes. By manipulating the stacking quantity and sequence of two kinds of nanosheets, the impact of membrane surface charge and pore size on the separation performance of monovalent and multivalent ions is investigated. For the separation of anions, the effect of pore size sieving is dominant, while for the separation of cations, the effect of Donnan exclusion is dominant. The heterocharged TpEBr/TpPa-SO3H membrane with a positively charged upper layer and a negatively charged bottom layer exhibits excellent rejection of multivalent anions and cations (Ni2+, Cd2+, Cr2+, CrO4 2-, SeO3 2-, etc). The strategy provides not only high-performance COF membranes for ion separation but also an inspiration for the engineering of heterocharged membranes.

4.
Appl Environ Microbiol ; 90(9): e0107524, 2024 Sep 18.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39177330

RESUMEN

Autotrophic bacteria are able to fix CO2 in a great diversity of habitats, even though this dissolved gas is relatively scarce at neutral pH and above. As many of these bacteria rely on CO2 fixation by ribulose 1,5-bisphospate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO) for biomass generation, they must compensate for the catalytical constraints of this enzyme with CO2-concentrating mechanisms (CCMs). CCMs consist of CO2 and HCO3- transporters and carboxysomes. Carboxysomes encapsulate RubisCO and carbonic anhydrase (CA) within a protein shell and are essential for the operation of a CCM in autotrophic Bacteria that use the Calvin-Benson-Basham cycle. Members of the genus Thiomicrospira lack genes homologous to those encoding previously described CA, and prior to this work, the mechanism of function for their carboxysomes was unclear. In this paper, we provide evidence that a member of the recently discovered iota family of carbonic anhydrase enzymes (ιCA) plays a role in CO2 fixation by carboxysomes from members of Thiomicrospira and potentially other Bacteria. Carboxysome enrichments from Thiomicrospira pelophila and Thiomicrospira aerophila were found to have CA activity and contain ιCA, which is encoded in their carboxysome loci. When the gene encoding ιCA was interrupted in T. pelophila, cells could no longer grow under low-CO2 conditions, and CA activity was no longer detectable in their carboxysomes. When T. pelophila ιCA was expressed in a strain of Escherichia coli lacking native CA activity, this strain recovered an ability to grow under low CO2 conditions, and CA activity was present in crude cell extracts prepared from this strain. IMPORTANCE: Here, we provide evidence that iota carbonic anhydrase (ιCA) plays a role in CO2 fixation by some organisms with CO2-concentrating mechanisms; this is the first time that ιCA has been detected in carboxysomes. While ιCA genes have been previously described in other members of bacteria, this is the first description of a physiological role for this type of carbonic anhydrase in this domain. Given its distribution in alkaliphilic autotrophic bacteria, ιCA may provide an advantage to organisms growing at high pH values and could be helpful for engineering autotrophic organisms to synthesize compounds of industrial interest under alkaline conditions.


Asunto(s)
Proteínas Bacterianas , Dióxido de Carbono , Anhidrasas Carbónicas , Anhidrasas Carbónicas/metabolismo , Anhidrasas Carbónicas/genética , Dióxido de Carbono/metabolismo , Proteínas Bacterianas/metabolismo , Proteínas Bacterianas/genética , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Azufre/metabolismo , Crecimiento Quimioautotrófico , Filogenia
5.
Opt Lett ; 49(15): 4126-4129, 2024 Aug 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39090876

RESUMEN

Tissue-clearing techniques have revolutionized the field of biological imaging by rendering biological specimens transparent and enabling inside optical detection. Light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) is a powerful tool for three-dimensional imaging of large biological samples. Combining tissue-clearing techniques with LSFM has advanced the efficient 3D visualization of these samples. A crucial challenge with LSFM is the requirement for the objective to operate within the clearing reagent, which can cause aberrations. To address this issue, we introduce a novel, to our knowledge, approach for the flexible design of the solid immersion refractive meniscus lens (SIMlens), facilitating the use of air objectives with cleared samples. Compared to the previous SIMlens, this method not only eliminates aberrations but also offers customized options for enhancing the numerical aperture and working distance of the objective lens, achieving at least a 10% improvement. We have demonstrated the feasibility of this new method using mouse brain samples.


Asunto(s)
Lentes , Microscopía Fluorescente , Animales , Ratones , Microscopía Fluorescente/métodos , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagen , Imagenología Tridimensional
6.
Liver Int ; 44(5): 1154-1166, 2024 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38345150

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Sex-specific associations of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and bioavailable testosterone (BAT) with NAFLD remain indeterminate. We aimed to explore observational and genetically determined relationships between each hormone and NAFLD. METHODS: We included 187 395 men and 170 193 women from the UK Biobank. Linear and nonlinear Cox regression models and Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis were used to test the associations. RESULTS: During 12.49 years of follow-up, 2209 male and 1886 female NAFLD cases were documented. Elevated SHBG levels were linearly associated with a lower risk of NAFLD in women (HR (95% CI), .71 (.63, .79)), but not in men (a "U" shape, pnon-linear < .001). Higher BAT levels were associated with a lower NAFLD risk in men (HR (95% CI), .81 (.71, .93)) but a higher risk in women (HR (95% CI): 1.25 (1.15, 1.36)). Genetically determined SHBG and BAT levels were linearly associated with NAFLD risk in women (OR (95% CI): .57 (.38, .87) and 2.21 (1.41, 3.26) respectively); in men, an "L-shaped" MR association between SHBG levels and NAFLD risk was found (pnon-linear = .016). The bidirectional MR analysis further revealed the effect of NAFLD on SHBG and BAT levels in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS: Consistently, linear associations of lower SHBG and higher BAT levels with increased NAFLD risk were both conventionally and genetically found in women, while in men, SHBG acts in a nonlinear manner. In addition, NAFLD may affect SHBG and BAT levels.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Análisis de la Aleatorización Mendeliana , Hormonas Esteroides Gonadales , Testosterona
7.
Org Biomol Chem ; 22(23): 4656-4661, 2024 Jun 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38804023

RESUMEN

The intermolecular [4 + 2] cycloaddition of o-hydroxy benzyl alcohols with isochroman ketals was realized by CF3CO2H catalysis. A broad range of bisbenzannulated [6,6]-spiroketals were formed under the metal-free mild conditions in moderate to excellent yields (45-98%) with mostly excellent diastereoselectivities (up to >20 : 1 dr). Furthermore, the enantioselective version was also preliminarily investigated and the bisbenzannulated [6,6]-spiroketal was obtained with 61% ee in the presence of Sc(OTf)3/Feng's chiral N,N'-dioxide ligand. Some of the bisbenzannulated [6,6]-spiroketal products showed good in vitro antifungal activities against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Rhizoctonia solani.

8.
J Sep Sci ; 47(1): e2300786, 2024 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38234027

RESUMEN

Epimedium (EM) and Psoraleae Fructus (PF) are a traditional herb combination often used as a fixed form to treat osteoporosis disease in the clinic. However, the intricate interactions of this pair remain unknown. In our study, we undertook a comprehensive examination of their compatibility behaviors. Concurrently, a precise and sensitive quantitation method was successfully developed and validated using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of 12 components. This method was applied in analyzing herbal extracts and biological samples (both in the portal vein and systemic plasma), which was also used to study the pharmacokinetics of the herb pair. The results indicated that the combination of EM and PF enhanced the dissolution of chemical components from PF in extracts, but it had a negligible influence on the contents of the components from EM. On the contrary, the in vivo exposure of the lowly exposed EM flavonoids significantly increased following the combination of EM and PF, whereas the highly exposed psoralen and isopsoralen were greatly reduced. These interactions might be crucial for the synergy and toxicity reduction of the herbal pair in disease treatment, which pave the way for further exploration into the clinical application and pharmacological mechanisms of EM and PF.


Asunto(s)
Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos , Epimedium , Ratas , Animales , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/análisis , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem/métodos , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/métodos , Cromatografía Liquida , Administración Oral
9.
Pestic Biochem Physiol ; 203: 105968, 2024 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39084809

RESUMEN

Insects rely primarily on a robust and precise olfactory recognition system to detect chemicals and environmental signals. Olfaction is mediated mainly by various odorant receptors (ORs) expressed on olfactory neurons. The odorant co-receptor (Orco) is a highly conserved and obligatory subunit of ORs, and its combination with conventional ORs to form ligand-gated ion channel heterodimeric complexes plays a crucial role in odor recognition. Anoplophora glabripennis Is a major quarantinable pest that affects broadleaved tree species worldwide. Odorant binding proteins (OBPs) and ORs have been identified in the A. glabripennis genome and the binding properties of some OBPs and their cognate ligands have been clarified. The role of the OR-mediated recognition pathway, however, remains largely uncharacterized. Here, we cloned and sequenced the full-length Orco gene sequence of A. glabripennis and performed structural characterization of the protein. We found that AglaOrco has high sequence homology with Orco from other orders of insects, and that it is highly conserved. Spatio-temporal differential expression analysis revealed that AglaOrco is highly expressed in adult antennae, and that expression at the sexually mature stage is significantly higher than at other developmental stages. There was no significant difference in expression between sexes. Silence AglaOrco using RNAi revealed that expression levels of AglaOrco mRNA fell significantly in both males and females at 72 h post-injection of 5 µg of dsOrco, with no obvious effect on expression of most other olfactory-related genes; however, some were up-or downregulated. For example, silenced Orco-expressing males and females showed a significant reduction in antennal potential responses to the odorants 3-carene, Ocimene, and 4-heptyloxy-1-butanol. Overall, the data suggest that AglaOrco plays an important role in mediating olfactory perception in A. glabripennis, and also identifies potential target genes for environmentally friendly pest control strategies.


Asunto(s)
Proteínas de Insectos , Feromonas , Receptores Odorantes , Animales , Receptores Odorantes/genética , Receptores Odorantes/metabolismo , Proteínas de Insectos/genética , Proteínas de Insectos/metabolismo , Feromonas/farmacología , Femenino , Masculino , Compuestos Orgánicos Volátiles/farmacología , Compuestos Orgánicos Volátiles/metabolismo , Escarabajos/genética , Escarabajos/efectos de los fármacos , Interferencia de ARN
10.
Pestic Biochem Physiol ; 203: 105975, 2024 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39084766

RESUMEN

The pinewood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner and Buhrer 1934) causes pine wilt disease, which severely affects the biodiversity and economy of Eurasian coniferous forests. Monochamus saltuarius (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) was first identified as nematode vectors in Liaoning Province, China, in 2017. M. saltuarius has high mating efficiency and reproductive capabilities, pheromones are crucial in these processes. However, the mechanisms of pheromone synthesis in M. saltuarius are unclear. This study performed morphometric and transcriptomic analyses of the internal reproductive systems of males and females at different developmental stages and analyzed mate selection behavior. We found a significant difference in the morphology of internal reproductive systems between sexually immature and mature insects. A total of 58 and 64 pheromone biosynthesis genes were identified in females and males, respectively. The expression of the analyzed genes differed between males and females in the initial and subsequent synthesis processes. Interference experiment indicated that knocking down SDR1 gene in male M. saltuarius reduces the content of pheromones. Behavioral analyses found that males preferred virgin females. This study identified key pheromone genes and synthesis pathway that could serve as potential targets for disrupting mating in M. saltuarius through the development of novel biological agents using genetic engineering techniques.


Asunto(s)
Escarabajos , Conducta Sexual Animal , Animales , Escarabajos/genética , Escarabajos/fisiología , Masculino , Femenino , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Feromonas/biosíntesis , Transcriptoma , Reproducción , Atractivos Sexuales/biosíntesis , Atractivos Sexuales/metabolismo
11.
Nano Lett ; 23(1): 353-362, 2023 01 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36394269

RESUMEN

Growing evidence indicates that the tumor microenvironment (TME) can be combined with other therapeutic modalities, including cytotoxic chemotherapy and targeted therapies, to produce unanticipated results in oncology treatment. Here, we proposed a novel bacterial nanomaterial capable of targeting peritumoral biofilm and modulating TME. It was based on tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (T) that were chemically attached to aptamer AS1411 and 5-fluorouracil (AT5). Additionally, the oral pathogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans (S.m) was employed as a biocarrier for synergetic biofilm targeting and immunomodulation. In this article, the effect of AT5-coupled S.m-derived nanocells (S.m-AT5) was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Due to bacteria aggregation in the tumor-specific biofilm, these nanocells released greater medication concentrations. Furthermore, they exerted an immunomodulatory effect by stimulating the maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) and regulation of T cells. This chemo-immunostimulation combination has a powerful antitumor impact. It may also be an advanced approach for boosting the survival rate of cancer patients.


Asunto(s)
Inmunomodulación , Neoplasias , Humanos , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias/metabolismo , Biopelículas , Streptococcus mutans/metabolismo , Microambiente Tumoral
12.
BMC Oral Health ; 24(1): 293, 2024 Mar 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38431616

RESUMEN

Photon-initiated photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) with an Er: YAG laser has been introduced in root canal treatment to improve irrigation and facilitate the removal of bacteria in the root canal system. This study aimed to compare the antibacterial effectiveness of two different root canal irrigation techniques, conventional needle irrigation (CNI) and PIPS, using 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), in the treatment of teeth with apical periodontitis. Sixty patients with a total of sixty teeth affected by apical periodontitis were included in this study. The teeth underwent root canal therapy, and after mechanical instrumentation, they were randomly assigned to two groups (n = 30) based on the final irrigation protocol: CNI or PIPS with 1% NaOCl. Bacterial suspensions in the root canals were evaluated using Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) assay kit after mechanical instrumentation and after final irrigation. Then, a follow-up was conducted after 7 days. The results revealed that final irrigation significantly reduced ATP values in both the CNI and PIPS groups (P < 0.001). The ATP values after final irrigation was greater in the CNI group compared to the PIPS group (P < 0.001). After a 7-day follow-up, percussion tenderness and fistula were significantly resolved in both groups (P < 0.05). A multivariate linear regression model was used to identify the factors that influence post irrigation ATP values. The analysis demonstrated that pre-operative percussion tenderness (P = 0.006), the presence of a fistula (P < 0.001) and the method used in the final irrigation (P < 0.001) had a significant impact on the ATP value after final irrigation. These results indicate that employing PIPS with 1% NaOCl as the final irrigation protocol exhibited superior antibacterial effectiveness and has the potential to enhance clinical outcomes in the treatment of teeth afflicted with apical periodontitis.


Asunto(s)
Fístula , Periodontitis Periapical , Humanos , Cavidad Pulpar , Preparación del Conducto Radicular , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Hipoclorito de Sodio/uso terapéutico , Hipoclorito de Sodio/farmacología , Periodontitis Periapical/terapia , Adenosina Trifosfato , Fístula/tratamiento farmacológico , Irrigantes del Conducto Radicular/uso terapéutico , Irrigantes del Conducto Radicular/farmacología , Irrigación Terapéutica/métodos
13.
Small ; 19(41): e2302326, 2023 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37317020

RESUMEN

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is recognized as a common refractory orthopedic disease that causes severe pain and poor quality of life in patients. Puerarin (Pue), a natural isoflavone glycoside, can promote osteogenesis and inhibit apoptosis of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), demonstrating its great potential in the treatment of osteonecrosis. However, its low aqueous solubility, fast degradation in vivo, and inadequate bioavailability, limit its clinical application and therapeutic efficacy. Tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs) are promising novel DNA nanomaterials in drug delivery. In this study, tFNAs as Pue carriers is used and synthesized a tFNA/Pue complex (TPC) that exhibited better stability, biocompatibility, and tissue utilization than free Pue. A dexamethasone (DEX)-treated BMSC model in vitro and a methylprednisolone (MPS)-induced ONFH model in vivo is also established, to explore the regulatory effects of TPC on osteogenesis and apoptosis of BMSCs. This findings showed that TPC can restore osteogenesis dysfunction and attenuated BMSC apoptosis induced by high-dose glucocorticoids (GCs) through the hedgehog and Akt/Bcl-2 pathways, contributing to the prevention of GC-induced ONFH in rats. Thus, TPC is a promising drug for the treatment of ONFH and other osteogenesis-related diseases.


Asunto(s)
Necrosis de la Cabeza Femoral , Isoflavonas , Ácidos Nucleicos , Humanos , Ratas , Animales , Cabeza Femoral , Ácidos Nucleicos/farmacología , Calidad de Vida , Necrosis de la Cabeza Femoral/tratamiento farmacológico , Necrosis de la Cabeza Femoral/inducido químicamente , Necrosis de la Cabeza Femoral/prevención & control , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Isoflavonas/efectos adversos , Osteogénesis
14.
J Transl Med ; 21(1): 726, 2023 10 16.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37845765

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) carrying different KIT exon 11 (KIT-11) mutations exhibit varying prognoses and responses to Imatinib. Herein, we aimed to determine whether computed tomography (CT) radiomics can accurately stratify KIT-11 mutation genotypes to benefit Imatinib therapy and GISTs monitoring. METHODS: Overall, 1143 GISTs from 3 independent centers were separated into a training cohort (TC) or validation cohort (VC). In addition, the KIT-11 mutation genotype was classified into 4 categories: no KIT-11 mutation (K11-NM), point mutations or duplications (K11-PM/D), KIT-11 557/558 deletions (K11-557/558D), and KIT-11 deletion without codons 557/558 involvement (K11-D). Subsequently, radiomic signatures (RS) were generated based on the arterial phase of contrast CT, which were then developed as KIT-11 mutation predictors using 1408 quantitative image features and LASSO regression analysis, with further evaluation of its predictive capability. RESULTS: The TC AUCs for K11-NM, K11-PM/D, K11-557/558D, and K11-D ranged from 0.848 (95% CI 0.812-0.884), 0.759 (95% CI 0.722-0.797), 0.956 (95% CI 0.938-0.974), and 0.876 (95% CI 0.844-0.908), whereas the VC AUCs ranged from 0.723 (95% CI 0.660-0.786), 0.688 (95% CI 0.643-0.732), 0.870 (95% CI 0.824-0.918), and 0.830 (95% CI 0.780-0.878). Macro-weighted AUCs for the KIT-11 mutant genotype ranged from 0.838 (95% CI 0.820-0.855) in the TC to 0.758 (95% CI 0.758-0.784) in VC. TC had an overall accuracy of 0.694 (95%CI 0.660-0.729) for RS-based predictions of the KIT-11 mutant genotype, whereas VC had an accuracy of 0.637 (95%CI 0.595-0.679). CONCLUSIONS: CT radiomics signature exhibited good predictive performance in estimating the KIT-11 mutation genotype, especially in prediction of K11-557/558D genotype. RS-based classification of K11-NM, K11-557/558D, and K11-D patients may be an indication for choice of Imatinib therapy.


Asunto(s)
Tumores del Estroma Gastrointestinal , Humanos , Tumores del Estroma Gastrointestinal/diagnóstico por imagen , Tumores del Estroma Gastrointestinal/tratamiento farmacológico , Tumores del Estroma Gastrointestinal/genética , Genotipo , Mesilato de Imatinib , Mutación/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-kit/genética , Proteínas Tirosina Quinasas Receptoras , Estudios Retrospectivos
15.
Int J Mol Sci ; 24(2)2023 Jan 13.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36675132

RESUMEN

Insects use a powerful and complex olfactory recognition system to sense odor molecules in the external environment to guide behavior. A large family of odorant receptors (ORs) mediates the detection of pheromone compounds. Anoplophora glabripennis is a destructive pest that harms broad-leaved tree species. Although olfactory sensation is an important factor affecting the information exchange of A. glabripennis, little is known about the key ORs involved. Here, we identified ninety-eight AglaORs in the Agla2.0 genome and found that the AglaOR gene family had expanded with structural and functional diversity. RT-qPCR was used to analyze the expression of AglaORs in sex tissues and in adults at different developmental stages. Twenty-three AglaORs with antennal-biased expression were identified. Among these, eleven were male-biased and two were female-biased and were more significantly expressed in the sexual maturation stage than in the post-mating stage, suggesting that these genes play a role in sexual communication. Relatively, two female-biased AglaORs were overexpressed in females seeking spawning grounds after mating, indicating that these genes might be involved in the recognition of host plant volatiles that may regulate the selection of spawning grounds. Our study provides a theoretical basis for further studies into the molecular mechanism of A. glabripennis olfaction.


Asunto(s)
Escarabajos , Receptores Odorantes , Animales , Femenino , Masculino , Receptores Odorantes/genética , Receptores Odorantes/metabolismo , Escarabajos/metabolismo , Olfato , Plantas/metabolismo , Comunicación , Proteínas de Insectos/genética , Proteínas de Insectos/metabolismo , Antenas de Artrópodos/metabolismo
16.
Int J Mol Sci ; 24(13)2023 Jun 22.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37445664

RESUMEN

Phosphate (Pi) deficiency is one of the most limiting factors for Chinese fir growth and production. Moreover, continuous cultivation of Chinese fir for multiple generations led to the reduction of soil nutrients, which hindered the yield of Chinese fir in southern China. Although NAC (NAM, ATAF, and CUC) transcription factors (TFs) play critical roles in plant development and abiotic stress resistance, it is still unclear how they regulate the response of Chinese fir to phosphate (Pi) starvation. Based on Pi-deficient transcriptome data of Chinses fir root, we identified a NAC transcription factor with increased expression under Pi deficiency, which was obtained by PCR and named ClNAC100. RT-qPCR confirmed that the expression of ClNAC100 in the root of Chinese fir was induced by phosphate deficiency and showed a dynamic change with time. It was positively regulated by ABA and negatively regulated by JA, and ClNAC100 was highly expressed in the roots and leaves of Chinese fir. Transcriptional activation assay confirmed that ClNAC100 was a transcriptional activator. The promoter of ClNAC100 was obtained by genome walking, which was predicted to contain a large number of stress, hormone, and growth-related cis-elements. Tobacco infection was used to verify the activity of the promoter, and the core promoter was located between -1519 bp and -589 bp. We identified 18 proteins bound to the ClNAC100 promoter and 5 ClNAC100 interacting proteins by yeast one-hybrid and yeast two-hybrid, respectively. We speculated that AHL and TIFY family transcription factors, calmodulin, and E3 ubiquitin ligase in these proteins might be important phosphorus-related proteins. These results provide a basis for the further study of the regulatory mechanism and pathways of ClNAC100 under Pi starvation.


Asunto(s)
Cunninghamia , Factores de Transcripción , Factores de Transcripción/genética , Factores de Transcripción/metabolismo , Cunninghamia/genética , Cunninghamia/metabolismo , Fosfatos/metabolismo , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolismo , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas
17.
Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban ; 54(5): 908-914, 2023 Sep.
Artículo en Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37866945

RESUMEN

Objective: To explore the application value of applying deep learning (DL) algorithm in the grading assessment of corneal fluorescein staining. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out, covering 600 corneal fluorescein staining photos acquired in the Contact Lens Clinic, West China Hospital, Sichuan University between 2020 and 2022. Out of the 600 photos, 500 were used to construct the algorithm and the remaining 100 were used for the validation of the algorithm and a comparative analysis of the difference in grading accuracy (ACC) and the length of diagnostic time between artificial intelligence (AI) and optometry students. One month after finishing the first grading analysis, assessment by AI and optometry students was conducted for a second time and results from the two rounds of assessment were compared to examine the intrarater agreement ( kappa value) of the two analyses. The grading analysis results of 3 experienced optometrists were used as the gold standard in the study. Results: Findings of the cross validation with the complete dataset, the training dataset, and the test dataset showed that ResNet34 had the highest predictive accuracy among four DL models. ResNet34 DL model achieved an accuracy of 93.0%, sensitivity of 89.5%, and specificity of 89.6% in the grading of corneal staining. In the comparison of the grading accuracy of AI and two optometry students, AI showed better accuracy, with the respective grading accuracy being 87.0%, 78.0%, and 52.0% for AI, student 1, and student 2 ( P ACC=0.001). In addition, the average diagnostic time of AI was shorter than that of optometry students ( t AI=1.00 s, t S1=11.86 s, t S2=13.25 s, P t =0.001). In the comparative analysis of the intrarater agreement between the two assessments, AI ( kappa AI=0.658, P AI=0.001) achieved better consistency than the two optometry students did ( kappa S1=0.575, P S1=0.001; kappa S2=0.609, P S2=0.001). Conclusion: Applying deep learning algorithms in the grading assessment of corneal fluorescein staining has considerable feasibility and clinical value. In the performance comparison between AI and optometry students, AI achieved higher accuracy and better consistency, which indicates that AI has potential application value for assisting optometrists to make clinical decisions with speed and accuracy.


Asunto(s)
Inteligencia Artificial , Aprendizaje Profundo , Humanos , Fluoresceína , Estudios Transversales , Algoritmos , Coloración y Etiquetado
18.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun ; 615: 116-122, 2022 07 30.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35609416

RESUMEN

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in cancer progression due to their capability to modulate the expression of various target genes. However, given the heterogeneity of tumor cells, miRNAs have been confirmed to exert different regulatory effects. Here, bioinformatic analysis results indicated that expression of miR-330-5p is decreased in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues and inversely correlated with SND1 expression. Notably, ectopic expression of miR-330-5p restrained tumor cell proliferation, migration, and enhance the sensitivity of CRC cells to 5-FU. Moreover, similar phenotypes were substantiated after inhibition of SND1 expression using RNA interference. Conversely, overexpression of SND1 facilitated the malignant phenotypes of CRC cells and restored miR-330-5p-mediated tumor-suppressive activities in CRC cells. Mechanistically, miR-330-5p directly binds to SND1-3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR), thus involving in inhibiting CRC cells proliferation and invasion and promoting apoptosis. Taken together, miR-330-5p may act as a tumor suppressor by targeting the expression of SND1, suggesting that the miR-330-5p/SND1 axis may be a meaningful regulator for CRC intervention.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Colorrectales , MicroARNs , Regiones no Traducidas 3' , Apoptosis/genética , Línea Celular Tumoral , Movimiento Celular/genética , Proliferación Celular/genética , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Endonucleasas/genética , Endonucleasas/metabolismo , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Humanos , MicroARNs/metabolismo
19.
Indoor Air ; 32(4): e13030, 2022 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35481931

RESUMEN

China's profoundly rapid modernization in the past two decades has resulted in dramatic changes in indoor environmental exposures. Among these changes, exposure to phthalates has attracted increasing attention. We aimed to characterize indoor phthalate exposure and to estimate the disease burden attributable to indoor phthalate pollution from 2000 to 2017 in China. We integrated the national exposure level of indoor phthalates from literature through systematic review and Monte Carlo simulation. Dose-response relationships between phthalate exposure and health outcomes were obtained by systematic review and meta-analysis. Based on existing models for assessing probabilities of causation and a comprehensive review of available data, we calculated the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) among the general Chinese population resulting from exposure to indoor phthalate pollution. We found that DnBP, DiBP, and DEHP were the most abundant phthalates in indoor environments of residences, offices, and schools with medians of national dust phase concentration from 74.5 µg/g to 96.3 µg/g, 39.6 µg/g to 162.5 µg/g, 634.2 µg/g to 1,394.7 µg/g, respectively. The national equivalent exposure for children to phthalates in settled dust was higher than that of adults except for DiBP and DnOP. Dose-response relationships associated with DEP, DiBP, DnBP, BBzP, and DEHP exposures were established. Between 2000 and 2017, indoor phthalate exposure in China has led to 3.32 million DALYs per year, accounting for 0.90% of total DALYs across China. The annual DALY associated with indoor phthalate pollution in China was over 2000 people per million, which is about 2~3 times of the DALY loss due to secondhand smoke (SHS) in six European countries or the sum of the DALY loss caused by indoor radon and formaldehyde in American homes. Our study indicates a considerable socioeconomic impact of indoor phthalate exposure for a modernizing human society. This suggest the need for relevant national standard and actions to reduce indoor phthalate exposure.


Asunto(s)
Contaminación del Aire Interior , Dietilhexil Ftalato , Adulto , Contaminación del Aire Interior/efectos adversos , Contaminación del Aire Interior/análisis , Niño , China/epidemiología , Costo de Enfermedad , Dietilhexil Ftalato/análisis , Polvo/análisis , Humanos , Ácidos Ftálicos , Estados Unidos
20.
Appl Opt ; 61(19): 5626-5632, 2022 Jul 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36255791

RESUMEN

The stray light of gratings lowers the image contrast of augmented reality display devices based on lightguide gratings. We propose to reduce the stray light of gratings fabricated with the scanning exposure method in a Lloyd's mirror interferometer setup. The photoresist-coated substrate is moved in the longitudinal direction parallel to the exposure interference fringes during exposure to average out the laser speckle-induced noise. A phase locking module is designed to compensate for the unwanted lateral displacement caused by the straightness error and vibration of the translation stage. The stability and accuracy of phase locking in the Lloyd's mirror interferometer are analyzed with control system theory. Low-stray-light lightguide gratings were fabricated successfully. The stray light level was decreased by more than 50%, and the imaging contrast was increased from 65% to 85%.


Asunto(s)
Realidad Aumentada , Rayos Láser , Luz
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