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1.
BMC Infect Dis ; 24(1): 109, 2024 Jan 20.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38245682

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Actinomyces turicensis is rarely responsible of clinically relevant infections in human. Infection is often misdiagnosed as malignancy, tuberculosis, or nocardiosis, therefore delaying the correct identification and treatment. Here we report a case of a 55-year-old immunocompetent adult with brain abscess caused by A. turicensis. A systematic review of A. turicensis infections was performed. METHODS: A systematic review of the literature was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The databases MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Clinicaltrials.gov and Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technology in Health (CADTH) were searched for all relevant literature. RESULTS: Search identified 47 eligible records, for a total of 67 patients. A. turicensis infection was most frequently reported in the anogenital area (n = 21), causing acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) including Fournier's gangrene (n = 12), pulmonary infections (n = 8), gynecological infections (n = 6), cervicofacial district infections (n = 5), intrabdominal or breast infections (n = 8), urinary tract infections (n = 3), vertebral column infections (n = 2) central nervous system infections (n = 2), endocarditis (n = 1). Infections were mostly presenting as abscesses (n = 36), with or without concomitant bacteremia (n = 7). Fever and local signs of inflammation were present in over 60% of the cases. Treatment usually involved surgical drainage followed by antibiotic therapy (n = 51). Antimicrobial treatments most frequently included amoxicillin (+clavulanate), ampicillin/sulbactam, metronidazole or cephalosporins. Eighty-nine percent of the patients underwent a full recovery. Two fatal cases were reported. CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, we hereby present the first case of a brain abscess caused by A. turicensis and P. mirabilis. Brain involvement by A. turicensis is rare and may result from hematogenous spread or by dissemination of a contiguous infection. The infection might be difficult to diagnose and therefore treatment may be delayed. Nevertheless, the pathogen is often readily treatable. Diagnosis of actinomycosis is challenging and requires prompt microbiological identification. Surgical excision and drainage and antibiotic treatment usually allow for full recovery.


Asunto(s)
Actinomicosis , Absceso Encefálico , Adulto , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Actinomyces , Actinomicosis/diagnóstico , Actinomicosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Absceso Encefálico/diagnóstico , Absceso Encefálico/tratamiento farmacológico , Canadá
2.
Cytopathology ; 35(2): 292-295, 2024 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37916668

RESUMEN

Actinomycosis, an oral cavity commensal, causes cervicofacial infection in patients associated with an immunosuppression state and local mucosal injuries. Bone involvement by this commensal is rare. In the present case, we report a case of left peri mandibular soft tissue, soft to firm, tender swelling in a 39-year-old immunocompetent male diagnosed as Actinomycosis infection on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and cell block preparation.


Asunto(s)
Actinomicosis , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Actinomicosis/diagnóstico , Biopsia con Aguja Fina , Diagnóstico Diferencial
3.
Medicina (Kaunas) ; 60(7)2024 Jul 19.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39064601

RESUMEN

Actinomycosis is a rare infectious disease characterized by slowly progressive, chronic suppurative lesions, often mistaken for malignancies due to its ability to mimic them. It is caused by Actinomyces bacteria, which are part of the normal flora of the human oropharynx, gastrointestinal, and urogenital tracts. This case report describes a 51-year-old male with a history of mandibular rhabdomyosarcoma presenting with severe shoulder and hip pain, dysphagia, and headaches, initially suspected to be a cancer recurrence. However, after further investigation, including a PET-CT and tonsillectomy, the diagnosis of actinomycosis was confirmed through histopathological examination. The case highlights the diagnostic challenges of actinomycosis, especially in patients with complex clinical histories, emphasizing the importance of considering it as a differential diagnosis in similar presentations. The patient was treated with long-term antibiotic therapy, predominantly beta-lactams, demonstrating the necessity of a comprehensive diagnostic approach and the implications of a delayed diagnosis. This case underscores the critical need for high clinical suspicion and awareness among healthcare professionals regarding the potential for actinomycosis to mimic more common diseases, ensuring timely and accurate treatment.


Asunto(s)
Actinomicosis , Rabdomiosarcoma , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Actinomicosis/diagnóstico , Actinomicosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Rabdomiosarcoma/diagnóstico , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Tonsila Palatina/microbiología
4.
Przegl Epidemiol ; 78(1): 16-21, 2024 Jun 07.
Artículo en Inglés, Polaco | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38904308

RESUMEN

Actinomycosis is a very rare, infectious disease, which is especially difficult to diagnose due to non-specific symptoms and the ability to emulate neoplasms or inflammatory changes. Due to those facts, it is often misdiagnosed or diagnosed too late to be successfully treated. This article presents the case of 31-year-old Caucasian female with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections and tonsillitis as the potential risk factors of actinomycosis. Upon examination of material collected through the course of tonsillectomy, the patient was diagnosed with actinomycosis of the left palatine tonsil. Despite the introduction of antibiotic therapy, initial progression was noted with the appearance of numerous, hypodense changes in the liver and the spleen, which regressed during further antibiotic treatment. According to our team's knowledge, this is the first described case of a patient with actinomycosis occurring simultaneously in the cervico-facial and abdominal area. The unusual localization and potential dissemination of actinomycosis should be considered in clinical practice.


Asunto(s)
Actinomicosis , Tonsilitis , Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Actinomicosis/diagnóstico , Actinomicosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Tonsilitis/microbiología , Tonsilitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Tonsilitis/diagnóstico , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Actinomicosis Cervicofacial/diagnóstico , Actinomicosis Cervicofacial/tratamiento farmacológico , Abdomen
5.
Emerg Infect Dis ; 29(7): 1433-1437, 2023 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37347805

RESUMEN

Hospitalizations involving fungal infections increased 8.5% each year in the United States during 2019-2021. During 2020-2021, patients hospitalized with COVID-19-associated fungal infections had higher (48.5%) in-hospital mortality rates than those with non-COVID-19-associated fungal infections (12.3%). Improved fungal disease surveillance is needed, particularly during respiratory virus pandemics.


Asunto(s)
Actinomicosis , Aspergilosis , Blastomicosis , COVID-19 , Coccidioidomicosis , Criptococosis , Histoplasmosis , Mucormicosis , Micosis , Nocardiosis , Humanos , Estados Unidos/epidemiología , Pandemias , COVID-19/epidemiología , Micosis/epidemiología
6.
BMC Infect Dis ; 23(1): 434, 2023 Jun 27.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37365493

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The combined infection of actinomyces odontolyticus sepsis and cryptococcal encephalitis is rare in routine clinical practice. Thus, we presented this case report and literature review to provide clues to improve such patients' diagnoses and treatment processes. CASE PRESENTATION: The main clinical manifestations of the patient were high fever and intracranial hypertension. Then, we completed the routine cerebrospinal fluid examination, biochemical detection, cytological examination, bacterial culture, and India ink staining. Firstly, the blood culture suggested actinomyces odontolyticus infection, considering the possibility of actinomyces odontolyticus sepsis and intracranial actinomyces odontolyticus infection. Accordingly, the patient was administered penicillin for treatment. Although the fever was slightly relieved, the symptoms of intracranial hypertension did not relieve. After 7 days, the characteristics of brain magnetic resonance imaging and the results of pathogenic metagenomics sequencing and cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide antigen suggested that cryptococcal infection. Based on the above results, the patient was diagnosed with a combined infection of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis and actinomyces odontolyticus sepsis. Anti-infection therapy with 'penicillin, amphotericin, and fluconazole' was provided, improving the clinical manifestations and objective indexes. CONCLUSION: The combined infection of Actinomyces odontolyticus sepsis and cryptococcal encephalitis is first reported in this case report, and combined antibiotics with 'penicillin, amphotericin, and fluconazole' are effective.


Asunto(s)
Actinomicosis , Cryptococcus neoformans , Hipertensión Intracraneal , Meningitis Criptocócica , Meningoencefalitis , Sepsis , Humanos , Fluconazol/uso terapéutico , Anfotericina B/uso terapéutico , Actinomicosis/diagnóstico , Actinomicosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Actinomicosis/microbiología , Penicilinas/uso terapéutico , Sepsis/diagnóstico , Sepsis/tratamiento farmacológico , Meningoencefalitis/diagnóstico , Meningoencefalitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Actinomyces , Hipertensión Intracraneal/tratamiento farmacológico , Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico , Antifúngicos/farmacología , Meningitis Criptocócica/diagnóstico
7.
BMC Infect Dis ; 23(1): 203, 2023 Apr 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37024776

RESUMEN

Actinomycosis often leads to cervicofacial infections, but thoracic involvement may also occur. However, the development of empyema is rare. While being followed up with the diagnosis of asthma and bronchiectasis, our case was hospitalized for infected bronchiectasis. As empyema developed in the follow-up, the pleural effusion was drained by tube thoracostomy. Actinomycosis was diagnosed through pleural effusion cytology. Growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was observed in sputum culture, and SARS-CoV2 RT-PCR was also positive in nasopharyngeal sampling. Polymicrobial agents can often be detected in actinomycosis. Actinomycosis cases have also been reported in the post-COVID period. Our case is presented since it would be the first in the literature regarding the coexistence of COVID-19, Pseudomonas, and thoracic Actinomycosis (empyema).


Asunto(s)
Actinomicosis , Bronquiectasia , COVID-19 , Empiema , Enfermedades Pulmonares , Derrame Pleural , Infecciones por Pseudomonas , Humanos , Pseudomonas , ARN Viral , COVID-19/complicaciones , COVID-19/diagnóstico , SARS-CoV-2 , Bronquiectasia/complicaciones , Actinomicosis/diagnóstico
8.
AIDS Res Ther ; 20(1): 48, 2023 07 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37452343

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Actinomycosis is an unusual chronic bacterial infection, even rarer in people living with HIV. It is not considered an AIDS-defining disease. However, the role in co-presentation or overlap with other opportunistic conditions of advanced HIV is unknown. CASE PRESENTATION: A 49-year-old Peruvian male presented with a 4-month history of dysphagia, odynophagia, hyporexia and wasting. He underwent an upper digestive endoscopy, in which ulcers with a necrotic center were observed, therefore, the initial diagnostic assumption was esophageal cancer. Subsequent pathology report excluded neoplasms and confirmed the diagnosis of actinomycosis. Serology for human immunodeficiency virus was requested, yielding a positive result. Antimicrobial treatment with amoxicillin and antiretroviral therapy were indicated, with slow clinical improvement. After 4 months, epigastric discomfort presented, for which a new upper digestive endoscopy was performed, revealing a deep gastric ulcer, which was compatible with diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. CONCLUSION: Esophageal actinomycosis in people living with HIV is very rare. We suggest HIV-associated immunosuppression is not enough to allow for actinomycosis to develop, and masked underlying entities should be sought. The existence of such entities in people living with HIV should raise awareness of the possibility of unmasked immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome once treatment has started.


Asunto(s)
Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida , Actinomicosis , Infecciones por VIH , Síndrome Inflamatorio de Reconstitución Inmune , Linfoma no Hodgkin , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infecciones por VIH/complicaciones , Infecciones por VIH/tratamiento farmacológico , VIH , Síndrome Inflamatorio de Reconstitución Inmune/complicaciones , Actinomicosis/diagnóstico , Actinomicosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida/complicaciones , Linfoma no Hodgkin/complicaciones , Linfoma no Hodgkin/tratamiento farmacológico
9.
Clin Neuropathol ; 42(1): 26-29, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36366963

RESUMEN

Colloid cysts are histologically well defined and consist of three main components, a capsule, with an underlying epithelial layer, and a mucinous heart. In our case, we present a 35-year-old female with acute deterioration of level of consciousness. An emergent CT scan showed a cystic lesion occluding the intraventricular foramen. The lesion was endoscopically excised through a transfrontal approach. Microscopic examination of the resected specimen revealed hyphal-like structures (HLS). This rare finding was first described by Dodds and Powers in 1977 and, in its microscopic nature, it mimics actinomyces of the third ventricle.


Asunto(s)
Actinomicosis , Quiste Coloide , Tercer Ventrículo , Femenino , Humanos , Adulto , Tercer Ventrículo/patología , Quiste Coloide/diagnóstico , Quiste Coloide/patología , Actinomicosis/diagnóstico , Actinomicosis/patología , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X
10.
J Paediatr Child Health ; 59(6): 833-839, 2023 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37017147

RESUMEN

AIM: Actinomycosis is a rare subacute to chronic granulomatous infection which can mimic other infectious or malignant diseases. This study examined the epidemiology and treatment outcome of actinomycosis in children. METHODS: A retrospective study on children admitted for actinomycosis in a tertiary paediatric hospital in Singapore, from January 2004 to December 2020. Clinical profile, therapeutic interventions and outcomes were examined. RESULTS: A total of 10 patients were identified; 7 were female. The median age at first presentation was 9.8 years (range 4.7-15.7). The most common presenting symptom was fever (n = 6, 60%), followed by facial or neck swelling (n = 3, 30%) and ear pain (n = 3, 30%). Actinomycosis occurred predominantly in the orocervicofacial region (n = 6, 60%). Four patients (40%) had preceding dental infections in the form of dental caries or gingivitis. One patient had poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Actinomycosis was confirmed via culture in four patients, histopathology in four patients and both methods in two patients. All except one patient (n = 9, 90%) underwent surgical procedures. All patients received ampicillin or amoxicillin/clavulanate or other beta-lactams, for a median duration of 6.5 months (range 1.5-14). Complications included osteomyelitis (n = 4, 40%), mastoiditis (n = 2, 20%), brain abscess (n = 1, 10%) and recurrent neck abscess (n = 1, 10%). There was no mortality and all patients achieved complete resolution. CONCLUSIONS: Paediatric actinomycosis was rare in our 16-year review, but had a high complication rate. It can occur in immunocompetent patients, and dental infection was the predominant risk factor identified. Prognosis was excellent after surgical intervention and appropriate antimicrobial therapy.


Asunto(s)
Actinomicosis , Caries Dental , Humanos , Niño , Femenino , Preescolar , Adolescente , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Actinomyces , Actinomicosis/diagnóstico , Actinomicosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Actinomicosis/epidemiología
11.
Cytopathology ; 34(2): 158-160, 2023 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36458469

RESUMEN

The role of a bronchoalveolar lavage sample cell block in the diagnosis of pulmonary actinomycosis.


Asunto(s)
Actinomicosis , Enfermedades Pulmonares , Humanos , Líquido del Lavado Bronquioalveolar , Lavado Broncoalveolar , Enfermedades Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Actinomicosis/diagnóstico , Citodiagnóstico
12.
Anaerobe ; 80: 102662, 2023 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36681233

RESUMEN

Prosthetic joint infection is a common clinical orthopedic problem but infections caused by Actinomyces species have been rarely reported. An increasing number of reports identifying Actinomyces in cases of prosthetic joint infection suggest it may be an emerging pathogen. We describe here the first known case of a prosthetic joint infection caused by Actinomyces radingae.


Asunto(s)
Actinomyces , Actinomicosis , Humanos , Actinomicosis/diagnóstico , Actinomicosis/tratamiento farmacológico
13.
Anaerobe ; 82: 102767, 2023 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37482285

RESUMEN

Members of the Actinomyces genus and Actinomyces-like organisms (ALOs; namely Actinotignum, Arcanobacterium, Schaalia and Varibaculum) are Gram-positive, non-spore-forming rods that are commensal members of the human oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, female genital tract and skin microbiota. Cervicofacial actinomycosis or "lumpy jaw syndrome" - the chronic, suppurative granulomatous disease caused by Actinomyces spp. And ALOs - is characterized by an initially slow and unspecific disease-presentation, which often mimics other pathologies, followed by the formation of painful abscesses and severe tissue destruction. Actinomycosis has been described as a rare disease, however, reliable epidemiological data are lacking. In addition, there is increasing awareness regarding the role of Actinomyces spp. in the development of osteoradionecrosis and medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. The aim of this narrative review is to succinctly summarize the current advances regarding the microbiological, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of cervicofacial actinomycosis, in addition to the roles of Actinomyces species and ALOs as members of the oral microbiota and in dental biofilm, in other dental infections (caries, root canal infection, periapical infection, periodontitis) and osteonecrosis of the jaw, in the context of recent taxonomic changes affecting the genus. Our paper aims to be a blueprint for dentists, other physicians, microbiologists and researchers regarding the multifaceted field of cervicofacial actinomycosis.


Asunto(s)
Actinomycetaceae , Actinomicosis Cervicofacial , Actinomicosis , Osteonecrosis , Femenino , Humanos , Actinomyces , Actinomicosis/diagnóstico , Actinomicosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Actinomicosis Cervicofacial/diagnóstico , Actinomicosis Cervicofacial/tratamiento farmacológico , Boca
14.
BMC Oral Health ; 23(1): 62, 2023 02 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36732789

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT) is used to treat several hematological diseases, but immunosuppression during allo-HSCT facilitates opportunistic microbial growth in tissues, such as actinomycosis. An effective diagnosis of opportunistic diseases is essential for correct management of the disease and preservation of the immunosuppressed patient's life. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 57-year-old female patient was diagnosed with extranodal nasal type NK/T cell lymphoma and underwent curative treatment with allo-HSCT. Twenty-one days after the last clinical follow-up, the patient presented a necrotizing lesion in the papilla region between the first and second molars of the second quadrant. Histopathological analysis showed the presence of a bacterial cluster consistent with Actinomyces infection, and a dense lymphoid infiltrate was also observed. Immunohistochemistry for CD20, CD3, and CD56 was performed to exclude the possibility of the recurrence of extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma. Oral microbiota profiling showed a huge increase in the abundance of Actinomyces bacteria in the subgingival region three weeks prior to appearance of the lesion. CONCLUSIONS: Opportunistic infections with an unusual clinical appearance are confounding factors in therapeutic decision-making. We present for the first time a case of actinomycosis in the gingival papilla region following allo-HSCT. We also highlight how microbiota profiling through next-generation sequencing could be used to anticipate bacterial infection diagnosis.


Asunto(s)
Actinomicosis , Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Actinomicosis/diagnóstico , Actinomicosis/etiología , Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas/efectos adversos
15.
Niger Postgrad Med J ; 30(3): 262-264, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37675704

RESUMEN

Actinomycosis of the tonsils is uncommon even though the causative organisms are normal commensal of the oropharyngeal tract that may colonise the tonsillar crypts with resultant infection in apparently healthy individuals. Diagnosis is often incidental in tonsillectomy specimens sent to the pathology laboratory for varied diseases. This is a 10-year study of tonsillectomy specimens diagnosed with actinomycosis. Specimens were formalin-fixed and paraffin processed and stained with haematoxylin and eosin, gromott methenamine silver and periodic acid-Schiff. Four cases of tonsillar actinomycosis were diagnosed from a total of 772 tonsillectomy specimens. Histologically, characteristic oeosinophilic granules with peripheral radial protuberances surrounded by microabscesses were seen. Tonsillar actinomycosis is often an incidental diagnosis; however, a high index of suspicion should be entertained in patients with recurrent tonsillitis and/or tonsillar hypertrophy of unknown cause.


Asunto(s)
Actinomicosis , Tonsilitis , Humanos , Nigeria , Tonsila Palatina/patología , Tonsilitis/diagnóstico , Tonsilitis/patología , Actinomicosis/diagnóstico , Actinomicosis/patología
16.
Eur J Neurol ; 29(10): 3127-3129, 2022 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36073199

RESUMEN

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome (THS) is an idiopathic condition included in the differential diagnosis of painful ophthalmoplegia. Although this was once a common diagnosis, the increasing availability of tests reveals an alternative etiology in many cases. Exclusion of treatable disorders is important, because the prognosis may otherwise be poor. We here describe a patient who presented with painful ophthalmoplegia with an infiltrating lesion in the cavernous sinus. Initially suspected of THS, he had a fatal evolution, and postmortem evaluation revealed cervicocephalic actinomycosis. Actinomycosis diagnosis is often missed, and still represents a challenge to the clinician. We highlight pearls and pitfalls to establish a proper diagnosis to avoid missing a treatable condition in patients with suspected THS.


Asunto(s)
Actinomicosis , Seno Cavernoso , Oftalmoplejía , Síndrome de Tolosa-Hunt , Actinomicosis/complicaciones , Actinomicosis/patología , Seno Cavernoso/diagnóstico por imagen , Seno Cavernoso/patología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Oftalmoplejía/diagnóstico , Oftalmoplejía/etiología , Oftalmoplejía/patología , Síndrome de Tolosa-Hunt/complicaciones , Síndrome de Tolosa-Hunt/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Tolosa-Hunt/patología
17.
BMC Infect Dis ; 22(1): 310, 2022 Mar 29.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35351021

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Actinomycosis is an uncommon endogenous bacterial infection caused by Actinomyces species, characterized by the development of abscesses, tissue fibrosis, and fistulisation. It remains a diagnostic challenge, due to its similarities with diverse aetiologies' presentation, such as neoplasms, tuberculosis, or fungal infections. Actinomyces bovis is a microorganism rarely reported as a cause of human disease. Cutaneous involvement is sporadic. In this case, Actinomyces bovis was responsible for disseminated cutaneous disease in an immunosuppressed patient. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 69-year-old female with multiple skin masses, under immunosuppressive therapy due to ulcerative colitis. Imaging exams were compatible with multiple cutaneous abscesses in the cervicofacial region and limbs. Actinomyces bovis was isolated in culture after abscess drainage. Antimicrobial therapy with parenteral penicillin G and oral amoxicillin was administered for 6 months, with complete resolution of cutaneous lesions and no relapse of the infection. CONCLUSIONS: Considering actinomycosis as a possible diagnosis in the presence of subacute/chronic recurrent mass-like cutaneous lesions, especially in the setting of immunosuppression, may reduce the burden associated with delayed diagnosis and incorrect treatment and provide better outcomes and improvement of patient's quality of life.


Asunto(s)
Actinomicosis , Calidad de Vida , Actinomyces , Actinomicosis/diagnóstico , Actinomicosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Actinomicosis/microbiología , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Huésped Inmunocomprometido
18.
BMC Infect Dis ; 22(1): 518, 2022 Jun 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35659260

RESUMEN

BACKGROUNDS: Actinomyces species are gram-positive, obligate anaerobic rods and are rare causes of cholecystitis. Because Actinomyces species are anaerobic bacteria, it is difficult for Actinomyces to survive in bile apart from A. naeslundii. We experienced a case of recurrent acute cholecystitis caused by A. odontolyticus. CASE PRESENTATION: A patient had been diagnosed with acute cholecystitis and treated one month before and after that, admitted to our hospital because of recurrent cholecystitis. Gram stain of the bile revealed gram-positive rods and gram-positive cocci. We found A. odontolyticus and MRSA in bile culture and MRSA in blood culture. We administered piperacillin-tazobactam and then changed it to ampicillin-sulbactam and vancomycin. The patient underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy and was discharged safely. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first case of cholecystitis caused by A. odontolyticus. Cholecystitis caused by Actinomyces species is rare. In addition, we may overlook it with the low positivity of bile cultures of Actinomyces. Whenever the cholecystitis recurs without any obstruction of the biliary tract, we should search for the gram-positive rods hidden in the bile, such as A. odontolyticus, as the causative organism, even if the bile culture is negative.


Asunto(s)
Actinomicosis , Colecistitis Aguda , Colecistitis , Actinomyces , Actinomicosis/diagnóstico , Actinomicosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Actinomicosis/microbiología , Colecistitis/diagnóstico , Colecistitis/microbiología , Colecistitis/cirugía , Colecistitis Aguda/diagnóstico , Colecistitis Aguda/cirugía , Humanos
19.
Paediatr Respir Rev ; 43: 2-10, 2022 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34610895

RESUMEN

Actinomycosis is a rare, indolent and invasive infection caused by Actinomyces species. Actinomycosis develops when there is disruption of the mucosal barrier, and invasion and systemic spread of the organism, which can lead to endogenous infection affecting numerous organs. It is known to spread in tissue through fascial planes and most often involves the cervicofacial (55%), abdominopelvic (20%) and thoracic (15%) soft tissue. Pulmonary actinomycosis is rare in patients under the age of five years, with the median reported age in the fifth decade. Clinical findings include chest wall mass (49%), cough (40%), pain (back, chest, shoulders) (36%), weight loss (19%), fever (19%), Draining sinuses (15%) and hemoptysis (9%). Chest x-ray findings in pulmonary actinomycosis are mostly nonspecific and can overlap with pulmonary tuberculosis, foreign body aspiration and malignancy. Endobronchial tissue aggregates may show sulphur granules, with yellow to white conglomerate areas of gram positive Actinomyces. Removal or biopsy of these large endobronchial masses must be done with care, because of the risk of bleeding and large airway obstruction. The cytology on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid may show Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) positive stain, ZN negative and Gram-positive filamentous bacilli which is morphologically suggestive of Actinomycosis. Actinomyces spp is highly susceptible to beta lactam antibiotics, penicillin G, and amoxicillin. A minimum of 3-6 months is needed but up to 20 months of treatment may be needed. Early diagnosis and correct treatment can lead to a good prognosis with a low mortality.


Asunto(s)
Actinomicosis , Enfermedades Pulmonares , Humanos , Niño , Preescolar , Ácido Peryódico/uso terapéutico , Actinomicosis/diagnóstico , Actinomicosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Actinomyces , Enfermedades Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Penicilina G/uso terapéutico , Amoxicilina/uso terapéutico , Azufre/uso terapéutico
20.
J Pediatr Hematol Oncol ; 44(2): e529-e531, 2022 Mar 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33902064

RESUMEN

Mucormycosis is an opportunistic and progressive infection, while actinomycosis usually grows gradually and rarely develops in immunocompromised patients. Here we report a patient with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia who developed a pulmonary actinomycosis and mucormycosis coinfection. Once the diagnosis of actinomycosis was confirmed by bronchoscopy, lobectomy performed before stem cell transplantation revealed mucormycosis. The patient successfully underwent transplantation using a therapeutic antifungal agent for mucormycosis. When an immunocompromised patient develops an infection of unknown etiology, physicians should consider these pathogens as the possible cause. In addition, surgical intervention should be considered as an important treatment option.


Asunto(s)
Actinomicosis , Coinfección , Enfermedades Pulmonares , Mucormicosis , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras , Actinomicosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedad Aguda , Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico , Coinfección/complicaciones , Coinfección/tratamiento farmacológico , Humanos , Huésped Inmunocomprometido , Enfermedades Pulmonares/complicaciones , Mucormicosis/complicaciones , Mucormicosis/diagnóstico , Mucormicosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Cromosoma Filadelfia , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/complicaciones , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/tratamiento farmacológico
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