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2.
Mar Environ Res ; 59(5): 435-52, 2005 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15603768

RESUMEN

An integrated biological-chemical survey of organotin compounds was carried out in Guanabara Bay, the second most important Brazilian harbor complex. The biological survey revealed high levels of imposex in Stramonita haemastoma populations. Inside the bay values of relative penis length index from 42.7 to 107.6 and vas deferens sequence index from III to VI were found, while organisms collected outside the bay had values ranging from <0.1 to 35.2 and from 0 to II. None of the females sampled inside the bay were normal and imposex was found in all stations. Surface sediments in the bay are contaminated by tributyltin (10-522 ng/g d.w.) and triphenyltin (<3.9-39.4 ng/g d.w.) with greater concentrations close to shipyards and marinas. The observed predominance of parent compounds (TBT and TPT) is commonly found when recent inputs occur, but may also indicate slow degradation processes in the anoxic conditions of these sediments. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a combined imposex-sediment approach to evaluate organotin contamination in marine environments of South America, and also the first report of TPT detection in environmental matrices in this region.


Asunto(s)
Trastornos del Desarrollo Sexual/inducido químicamente , Trastornos del Desarrollo Sexual/veterinaria , Compuestos Orgánicos de Estaño/envenenamiento , Caracoles/anatomía & histología , Compuestos de Trialquiltina/envenenamiento , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/envenenamiento , Animales , Brasil , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Femenino , Sedimentos Geológicos/química , Masculino , Caracoles/fisiología
3.
Neurotoxicology ; 5(2): 141-58, 1984.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6542185

RESUMEN

Current uses of organotins include heat stabilizers for polyvinyl chloride (PVC), catalysts for polyurethane foam and silicone rubber, biocides, and animal health products. Domestic production consumption in 1982 is about 28 million pounds, and overall growth is estimated at 7 percent per year. Physical properties of organotins, including solubility in water, octanol-water partition coefficients, and Freundlich adsorption isotherm constants, are not well characterized. Analytical methods for tin in environmental and biological matrices involve concentration, separation, and identification by chromatography, spectrometry, and spectroscopy. Environmental fate and effects of organotins are not well understood. Degradation reactions may yield a complex set of products, including inorganic tin oxide. The effects of exposure of workers and release of organotins to the environment at point sources have been documented. Nonpoint sources of environmental exposure include discard and sanitary landfill disposal of plastics and direct release of biocides to aquatic or marine environments. Other dissipative uses of organotins which pose potential human risk include PVC food wrapping and bottles and rigid potable water pipe. The long term health effects of low level exposure to organotins are not known. Toxic metal cycling in the environment, including biomethylation of inorganic tin by naturally occurring bacteria, is of rising concern.


Asunto(s)
Compuestos Orgánicos de Estaño , Fenómenos Químicos , Química , Cromatografía de Gases , Economía , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales , Contaminación Ambiental , Humanos , Cinética , Enfermedades Profesionales/inducido químicamente , Compuestos Orgánicos de Estaño/análisis , Compuestos Orgánicos de Estaño/envenenamiento , Eliminación de Residuos
4.
Hum Exp Toxicol ; 17(7): 403-5, 1998 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9726537

RESUMEN

1. In animal studies, TPTA was found to be neurotoxic. In humans, variable CNS pictures have been described with or without significant EEG findings. Brain CT does not usually reveal any abnormalities. 2. Our patient presented with intermittent unique spontaneous involuntary movement of hands, facial twitching, silly smile and crying. Diplopia, drowsiness, giddiness, vertigo, bidirectional nystagmus, impairment of calculation ability, as well as disorientation to time, people and place also developed. EEG showed mild cortical dysfunction without seizures. MRI and Tc-99m HMPAO brain SPECT revealed no significant findings. TPTA may cause cellular dysfunction of brain without structural damage, which results in variable CNS clinical presentations. 3. Nadir of leucopenia was noted on the sixth day after consumption of TPTA. Liver impairment occurred on the ninth day. Borderline demyelinated neuropathy developed on the fifty-third day. CNS abnormalities, delayed peripheral neuropathy, hepatitis and leucopenia deserve monitoring for a prolonged period, even when the victim initially presents with GI upset only after consumption of TPTA.


Asunto(s)
Encéfalo/efectos de los fármacos , Sistema Nervioso Central/efectos de los fármacos , Fungicidas Industriales/envenenamiento , Compuestos Orgánicos de Estaño/envenenamiento , Adulto , Encéfalo/patología , Cognición/efectos de los fármacos , Electroencefalografía/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Humanos , Actividad Motora/efectos de los fármacos , Intento de Suicidio
5.
J Am Vet Med Assoc ; 173(9): 1183-4, 1978 Nov 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-738943

RESUMEN

Dibutyltin dilaurate was inadvertently introduced into dairy feed which was consumed by wild palm doves (Streptopelia senegaleniss). About 150 dead and dying doves were found within several days. Extremely high concentrations of tin were found in samples of liver and skeletal muscle in these birds. A sample of the feed, which was found to contain about 2,500 ppm tin, was fed exclusively to 2 normal palm doves. On the 8th day of feeding, one dove died and the other was moribund. High concentrations of tin (27 to 141 ppm) were found in the livers of poisoned birds. Signs of poisoning in both the naturally occurring and experimentally induced poisonings were severe depression and yellow diarrhea.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de las Aves/inducido químicamente , Columbidae , Compuestos Orgánicos de Estaño/envenenamiento , Alimentación Animal/envenenamiento , Animales , Aves , Dosificación Letal Mediana
10.
Met Ions Life Sci ; 7: 111-51, 2010.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20877806

RESUMEN

The speciation of organotin(IV) cations in natural waters, in sewage or in biofluids is strongly influenced by the complex formation with the available metal-binding compounds, i.e., both high and low molecular weight ligands of biological and environmental interest. The primary intention of this chapter is to discuss the aquatic solution chemistry of organotin cations and their complexes formed with low and high molecular weight bioligands. Besides, some synthetic aspects, applications and sources of organotin pollution, their destinations in the environment, and toxicology will be also shortly discussed.


Asunto(s)
Ecosistema , Compuestos Orgánicos de Estaño/metabolismo , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/metabolismo , Animales , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales/efectos adversos , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales/análisis , Humanos , Cinética , Metilación , Degeneración Nerviosa/inducido químicamente , Degeneración Nerviosa/metabolismo , Compuestos Orgánicos de Estaño/química , Compuestos Orgánicos de Estaño/envenenamiento , Plaguicidas/química , Plaguicidas/metabolismo , Plaguicidas/envenenamiento , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/química , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/envenenamiento
17.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry ; 53(4): 356-7, 1990 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2160519

RESUMEN

A 23 year old male developed abdominal pain, diarrhoea, and vomiting several hours after poisoning with acute triphenyltin intoxication in a suicide attempt. Severe ataxia, dysmetria, nystagmus, and blurring of vision soon supervened. Disturbance of consciousness and confusion developed 12 days later and lasted for two months. A delayed sensorimotor polyneuropathy was shown by electrophysiological studies to be due to axonal degeneration and demyelination. The neuropathy rapidly recovered after consciousness was regained.


Asunto(s)
Compuestos Orgánicos de Estaño/envenenamiento , Adulto , Encefalopatías/inducido químicamente , Estado de Conciencia , Humanos , Masculino , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Periférico/inducido químicamente
18.
Vet Hum Toxicol ; 26(2): 121-2, 1984 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6730297

RESUMEN

Neurologic and psychiatric symptoms such as headache, tinnitus, defective hearing, changing desorientation and aggressiveness are initial symptoms of methyltin chloride intoxication. Some patients also developed epileptic equivalents, such as dreamy attacks and central ventilation transaminases. Laboratory findings included low levels of serum potassium, leucocytosis and elevated transaminases. The excretion rate of tin in the urine correlated with the severity of the intoxication. There was no measurable effect of plasma separation or d-penicillamine therapy on tin excretion in the urine or on the clinical picture. The long-term prognosis of severely intoxicated persons is poor. Neurohistopathologic findings confirm the animal studies by Brown et al and the severe damage and cell necrosis in the hippocampus area. To prevent such events workers need to be warned of the risk and dangers of working with organo-metallic compounds. The effectiveness of protective clothes and gas masks should be checked. In exposed workers regular testing is advised of tin concentrations in the urine.


Asunto(s)
Accidentes de Trabajo , Compuestos Orgánicos de Estaño/envenenamiento , Industria Química , Humanos , Masculino , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso/inducido químicamente , Estaño/orina
19.
Vet Hum Toxicol ; 21(1): 1-3, 1979 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-425288

RESUMEN

Poisoning caused by dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTD) was diagnosed in cattle, mink, and palm doves. The accidental addition of a DBTD premix to calf concentrates at levels up to 25000 ppm on 18 farms caused poisoning in 1000 cattle, of which 171 died and 287 were slaughtered. High concentrations of tin were found in the cattle tissues and precluded their consumption by humans. Palm doves ingesting concentrates containing 12500 ppm DBTD on one farm were also poisoned and had high concentrations of tin in tissues. Mink were inadvertently fed a vitamin-mineral supplement containing about 1700 ppm DBTD. They appeared the most suceptible of the three species to this compound.


Asunto(s)
Alimentación Animal/envenenamiento , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/inducido químicamente , Coccidiostáticos/envenenamiento , Visón , Compuestos Orgánicos de Estaño/envenenamiento , Enfermedades de las Aves de Corral/inducido químicamente , Animales , Bovinos , Coccidiostáticos/metabolismo , Femenino , Contaminación de Alimentos , Masculino , Compuestos Orgánicos de Estaño/metabolismo , Aves de Corral , Distribución Tisular
20.
Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl ; 303: 100-4, 1983.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6575580

RESUMEN

Previous impressions of specificity of psychiatric manifestations in relation to particular chemical intoxications have been confirmed by comparisons of the symptoms and signs of two groups of individuals. Nine persons exposed to inorganic mercury had "erethism" and xenophobia in addition to non-specific features of central nervous system poisoning. Twelve men with heavy exposure to organotins, in contrast to ten men with light or no exposure, more frequently presented an unique alternation between outbursts of range and deep depression, the later lasting from a few hours to a few days. The more heavily exposed men also had a greater number of nonspecific symptoms from neurotoxins.


Asunto(s)
Intoxicación por Mercurio/psicología , Enfermedades Profesionales/inducido químicamente , Compuestos Orgánicos de Estaño/envenenamiento , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/psicología , Adulto , Encéfalo/efectos de los fármacos , Trastorno Depresivo/inducido químicamente , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Enfermedades Profesionales/psicología
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