RESUMEN
Ergothioneine is an emerging component of the redox homeostasis system in human cells and in microbial pathogens, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Burkholderia pseudomallei. The synthesis of stable isotope-labeled ergothioneine derivatives may provide important tools for deciphering the distribution, function, and metabolism of this compound in vivo. We describe a general protocol for the production of ergothioneine isotopologues with programmable 2 H, 15 N, 13 C, 34 S, and 33 S isotope labeling patterns. This enzyme-based approach makes efficient use of commercial isotope reagents and is also directly applicable to the synthesis of radio-isotopologues.
Asunto(s)
Ergotioneína/síntesis química , Proteínas Bacterianas/química , Biocatálisis , Marcaje Isotópico , Metiltransferasas/química , Mycobacterium smegmatis/enzimología , Radioisótopos/química , Sulfurtransferasas/químicaRESUMEN
Ergothioneine and mycothiol are low molecular mass redox protective thiols present in actinomycetes, in particular mycobacteria. We report the improved chemical synthesis of ergothioneine (ESH) and biosynthetic pathway intermediates using either histidine or ESH as the starting material. The detailed mechanism of ESH biosynthesis has not yet been completely elucidated and substrates for enzymes in the pathway will provide valuable tools to aid this study. Particularly interesting is the PLP dependent ß-lyase, EgtE, of mycobacteria, having the capability of cleaving the substrate, S-(ß-amino-ß-carboxyethyl)ergothioneine sulfoxide, to provide ESH. A synthetic route toward ESH pathway intermediates also allowed the preparation of stable isotopically labelled hercynine-d3 which was enzymatically transformed into ESH-d3. The deuterated ergothioneine biosynthetic pathway metabolites are valuable tools for future studies.