Microneedle fractional radiofrequency treatment of facial photoageing as assessed in a split-face model.

BACKGROUND: A new therapeutic device passes radiofrequency energy through microneedles to targeted tissue. Three-dimensional photography may be useful for evaluating the clinical efficacy of microneedle fractional radiofrequency (MFR) used on the appearance of rhytids and to improve facial laxity. AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of MFR in the treatment of facial photoageing. METHODS: In total, participants with facial photoageing were enrolled in the study. All volunteers were randomized to receive split-face treatments with MFR 2 months apart. The participants self-evaluated at baseline, Days 1-7, and Months 1 and 3 after the final treatment. Objective evaluation was provided by a three-dimensional in vivo imaging system. In addition, skin melanin index, erythema index, immediate reactions, healing times and other adverse effects were evaluated. RESULTS: Compared with the untreated side, the treated side of most participants improved, based on clinical assessments at the 1- and 3-month follow-up visits after treatment. Both objective and participative assessments were satisfactory. The participants demonstrated a decrease of roughness parameter (Sa) value at each follow-up visit. Compared with pretreatment value, Sa decreased significantly at Months 1 and 3 on the treated side (P < 0.05). Minimal and reversible adverse effects and rapid healing were recorded. CONCLUSIONS: MFR appears to be an excellent treatment for photodamaged facial skin in Chinese patients.

In vivo skin reactions from pulsed-type, bipolar, alternating current radiofrequency treatment using invasive noninsulated electrodes.

BACKGROUND: Bipolar, alternating current radiofrequency (RF) conduction using invasive noninsulated electrodes consecutively generates independent tissue coagulation around each electrode and then, the converged coagulation columns. METHODS: Two pulsed-type RF models at the on-time pulse width/pulse pack of 30 and 40 milliseconds were designed to amplify the early stage of RF-induced tissue reaction using hairless mouse skin in vivo. Then, structural and ultrastructural changes were evaluated in hairless mouse skin samples at baseline and immediately 1 day, 3 days, 7 days, and 14 days after treatment. RESULTS: Immediately after pulsed-RF treatment, a few chrysanthemum-like zones of electrothermal coagulation and hypereosinophilic collagen fibers were found in the dermis and dermo-subcutaneous fat junction. Histochemical staining for periodic acid-Schiff and immunohistochemical staining for type IV collagen revealed marked thickening of basement membranes. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that pulsed-RF treatment resulted in higher electron-dense and remarkably thicker lamina densa, as well as increases in anchoring fibrils, compared with untreated control specimens. Furthermore, CD31-positive blood vessels were smaller in size with a slit-like luminal appearance, without excessive damage to endothelial cells. CONCLUSION: Our data indicated that pulse-type, bipolar RF energy induces structural and ultrastructural changes in basement membranes and vascular components in hairless mouse skin.

Radio frequency-mediated local thermotherapy for destruction of pancreatic tumors using Ni-Au core-shell nanowires.

We present a novel method of radio frequency (RF)-mediated thermotherapy in tumors by remotely heating nickel (Ni)-gold (Au) core-shell nanowires (CSNWs). Ectopic pancreatic tumors were developed in nude mice to evaluate the thermotherapeutic effects on tumor progression. Tumor ablation was produced by RF-mediated thermotherapy via activation of the paramagnetic properties of the Ni-Au CSNWs. Histopathology demonstrated that heat generated by RF irradiation caused significant cellular death with pyknotic nuclei and nuclear fragmentation dispersed throughout the tumors. These preliminary results suggest that thermotherapy ablation induced via RF activation of nanowires provides a potential alternative therapy for cancer treatment.

Fractional Microneedling Radiofrequency Treatment for Acne-related Post-inflammatory Erythema.

Post-inflammatory erythema is a common result of acne inflammation and is cosmetically unacceptable without effective treatment. Fractional microneedling radiofrequency (FMR) has potential for treatment of post-inflammatory erythema. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this treatment. A retrospective chart review was undertaken of 25 patients treated with 2 sessions of radiofrequency at 4-week intervals and 27 patients treated with oral antibiotics and/or topical agents. Efficacy was assessed through an investigator's global assessment of photographs, and the analysis of erythema with image analysis software and photometric devices. Histological changes resulting from the treatment were evaluated by skin biopsy. FMR treatment resulted in significant improvements in erythema with no severe adverse effects. Histological study revealed a reduction in vascular markers and inflammation. FMR is a safe and effective treatment for post-inflammatory erythema, with potential anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenetic properties.

Thermal analysis of induced damage to the healthy cell during RFA of breast tumor.

Effective pre-clinical computational modeling strategies have been demonstrated in this article to enable risk free clinical application of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of breast tumor. The present study (a) determines various optimal regulating parameters required for RFA of tumor and (b) introduces an essential clinical monitoring scheme to minimize the extent of damage to the healthy cell during RFA of tumor. The therapeutic capabilities offered by RFA of breast tumor, viz., the rise in local temperature and induced thermal damage have been predicted by integrating the bioheat transfer model, the electric field distribution model and the thermal damage model. The mathematical model has been validated with the experimental results available in the literature. The results revealed that, the effective damage of tumor volume sparing healthy tissue essentially depends on the voltage, the exposure time, the local heat distribution, the tumor stage and the electrode geometric configuration. It has been confirmed that, the assessment of damage front can accurately determine the extent of damage as compared to the thermal front. The study further evaluates the damaged healthy and tumor volumes due to RFA of different stages of breast cancer. The assessment of cell survival and damage fractions discloses the propensity of reappearance/healing of tumor cells after treatment.

Clinical Efficacy and Safety of a Monopolar Radiofrequency Device With Comfort Pulse Technology for the Treatment of Facial and Neck Laxity in Men.

The objective of this study was to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of a monopolar radiofrequency treatment for facial and neck laxity in men. Twelve men received one treatment of the face and upper portion of the neck using an RF system with comfort pulsed technology. Standardized photographs were taken at baseline and at 1, 3, and 6 months of follow-up. Study investigators evaluated facial and neck laxity at baseline and all follow-up visits using the Fasil Laxity Scale. Patents and investigators assessed skin texture and overall appearance using the Quartile Improvement Scale. Average improvement in treated areas was statistically significant at 1-month (P<.01), 3-month (P=.02), and 6-month (P=.05) follow-up visits compared with baseline. Investigators rated greatest improvement in skin texture and overall appearance (mild to moderate) at the 3-month follow-up. Patient assessments demonstrated moderate improvement in skin laxity, skin texture, and overall appearance maintained out to 6 months after treatment. A total of 64% of patients were satisfied to very satisfied with treatment at the 6-month follow-up. One RF treatment of the face and neck yielded 20% reduction in facial laxity 1 month after treatment, with maintained improvement out to 6 months (15% reduction).

FDA MAUDE data on complications with lasers, light sources, and energy-based devices.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: It is essential for physicians to be fully informed regarding adverse events and malfunctions associated with medical devices that occur in routine practice. There is limited information on this important issue in the medical literature, and it is mostly based on initial studies and case reports. More advanced knowledge regarding device adverse events is necessary to guide physicians towards providing safe treatments. The FDA requires that manufacturers and device users submit medical device reports (MDRs) for suspected injuries from device use or malfunction. The database of MDRs, entitled Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) enables the FDA to monitor device performance and identify potential safety issues. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: We employed the following search strategy to identify reported adverse events. We searched the MAUDE electronic database on the FDA website in December 2013: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfmaude/search.cfm We collected all reported cases between 1991 and December 2013. The search terms utilized included a comprehensive list of device manufacturers, specific product names, and the wavelengths/technology of the devices used in the field of dermatology. RESULTS: Our search yielded 1257 MDRs. Forty-five MDRs were excluded due to insufficient data. The data is broken down into the adverse events observed, such as, but not limited to: blistering, burns, scarring, dyschromia, fat loss, and nerve palsy. The MDRs describe the adverse event and attempt to determine if it was related to device malfunction versus operator error. Radiofrequency devices, diode lasers, and intense pulsed light devices were the most commonly reported devices related to injuries. CONCLUSION: 1257 MDRs, from a myriad of devices used in dermatology, have been reported to the FDA as of December 2013. Despite the underreporting of adverse events, the MAUDE database is an untapped resource of post-market surveillance of medical devices. The database can offer additional information, which combined with the initial device studies and published case reports from our colleagues, will help raise awareness and improve patient safety.

Treatment of periorbital wrinkles with a novel fractional radiofrequency microneedle system in dark-skinned patients.

BACKGROUND: Periorbital wrinkles as a result of photoaging are a frequent cosmetic concern. Recently, the fractional radiofrequency microneedle system was introduced as a new device for facial rejuvenation, and it has received much recognition for its unique "deep dermal heating with epidermal sparing" feature. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the clinical efficacy and safety of the system for the treatment of periorbital wrinkles in Korean patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty Korean patients (Fitzpatrick skin Type IV-V) with varying degrees of periorbital wrinkles were enrolled in this study. The patients were treated 3 times at 4-week intervals with the system. Changes in periorbital wrinkling were evaluated by 2 independent experts with digital images of the subjects' faces using a 5-point Wrinkle Assessment Scale. At the end of the study, the patients rated their satisfaction with the overall treatment outcome on a numerical scale. RESULTS: All patients completed the treatment regimen and were satisfied with the treatment. Most patients improved according to clinical and photographic assessments performed 6 months after the treatment. Two patients (10%) reported mild hyperpigmentation. CONCLUSION: The system may be an effective and safe treatment option for periorbital wrinkles in dark-skinned Korean patients.

Temperature in and around the scapholunate ligament during radiofrequency shrinkage: a cadaver study.

PURPOSE: To investigate whether applied radiofrequency energy (RFE) for shrinkage of the scapholunate interosseus ligament reaches temperatures required for ligament shrinkage while leaving adjacent structures unaffected. METHODS: Standard wrist arthroscopy was performed on 7 pairs of cadaveric limbs with continuous saline irrigation and gravity-assisted outflow through an 18-gauge needle. We subjected 14 scapholunate ligaments to treatment with monopolar (n = 7) or bipolar (n = 7) RFE for ligament shrinkage. Temperature was recorded simultaneously inside the dorsal part of the scapholunate interosseus ligament at a depth of 0.9 ± 0.1 mm and at 6 other sites in and around the wrist because thermal shrinkage starts at 60°C to 65°C. RESULTS: We observed an increase in temperature corresponding to the time of energy application. The highest measured peak temperatures at the scapholunate ligament were 43°C (monopolar) and 32°C (bipolar). Mean temperatures at 30 seconds of application were 29°C ± 7°C (monopolar) and 28°C ± 3°C (bipolar). CONCLUSIONS: Temperatures sufficiently high to induce ligament shrinkage were not reached with either monopolar or bipolar RFE. We did not monitor temperature levels responsible for damage on adjacent cartilage or immediately adjacent capsular tissue in this setting. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This study suggests that RFE for capsular shrinkage in the wrist is safe but ineffective.

Low-frequency electrical stimulation of a fiber tract in temporal lobe epilepsy.

OBJECTIVE: Surgical resection of the temporal lobe is an effective treatment for medically intractable temporal lobe epilepsy, but can cause memory impairment. Deep brain stimulation in epilepsy has targeted gray matter structures using high frequencies, but achieved limited success. We tested the hypothesis that low-frequency stimulation of the fornix reduces interictal epileptiform discharges and seizures in patients with intractable mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, without affecting memory. METHODS: We implanted depth electrodes in 11 patients for surgical evaluation of intractable epilepsy. Low-frequency stimulation of the fornix occurred in 4-hour sessions in the video-electroencephalography unit. Mental status assessment was performed at baseline and during stimulation. We studied the effect of stimulation on hippocampal spikes and seizures. RESULTS: There were no complications, and the patients were unaware of the stimulation. Fornix stimulation elicited evoked responses in the hippocampus and the posterior cingulate gyrus. Hourly Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) scores showed an increase during stimulation when compared to prestimulation MMSE, largely due to improvement in recall, possibly representing a practice effect. Hippocampal spikes were significantly reduced during and outlasting each stimulation session. Seizure odds (n = 7) were reduced by 92% in the 2 days that followed stimulation. INTERPRETATION: Low-frequency stimulation of the fornix activates the hippocampus and other areas of the declarative memory circuit. The results of this preliminary study suggest that low-frequency stimulation is tolerable and reduces epileptiform discharges and seizures in patients with intractable mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. A controlled clinical trial may be warranted.

The efficacy in treatment of facial atrophic acne scars in Asians with a fractional radiofrequency microneedle system.

BACKGROUND: Treatment of acne scars remains a challenge to dermatologists. Multiple modalities have been employed with variable results and adverse effects. OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and adverse effects of a fractional radiofrequency microneedle system (FRMS) on acne scars in Asians at 1-, 3- and 6-month follow-up visits after treatment. METHODS: Thirty subjects with atrophic acne scars for more than 6 months were enrolled in the study. All volunteers were treated with a FRMS on affected areas. The subjects were treated for a total number of three treatment sessions at 1-month intervals. Subjective assessments were obtained at baseline, 1, 3 and 6 months after the last treatment session by self-evaluation and two blinded dermatologists. Objective evaluation using an ultraviolet A-light video camera was also performed. In addition, pain scores, immediate reactions, healing times and other adverse effects were evaluated. RESULTS: Twenty-six subjects with skin phototypes III-V completed treatment protocol. The average mean scar age was 7 years (range: 0.5-15 years). At 6-month follow-up visit, the majority of the subjects (42.3%) reported a 26-50% improvement on their acne scars. Percent reduction in scar volume corresponded to clinical evaluation. Adverse reactions of the treatment included pain, immediate oedema/erythema, minimal scabbing and transient pigmentary alteration on treated areas. The average pain score was 5.6 of 10. Worsening of skin texture or new scar formation was not observed in any subjects. CONCLUSION: Fractional radiofrequency microneedle system is a safe and effective device for treating acne scars in Asians with minimal risk of downtime and adverse effects.

Two-treatment protocol for skin laxity using 90-Watt dynamic monopolar radiofrequency device with real-time impedance intelligence monitoring.

UNLABELLED: Multiple devices are currently on the market that employ radiofrequency to non-invasively treat skin laxity and wrinkle reduction. The study device was a unique monopolar radiofrequency device FDA cleared for the treatment of wrinkles and rhytids. The delivery system allows constant monitoring of the real-time local skin impedance changes, which allows radiofrequency energy to be more uniformly dosed over an entire treatment area. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to validate effectiveness of a modified treatment protocol for a unique monopolar radiofrequency device, which has been engineered with greater power and self-monitoring circuitry. METHODS: Twenty-four female subjects received bilateral monopolar radiofrequency treatments to the mid and lower face from the sub malar region to the submentum. Subjects completed 1 and 3 month follow ups with digital imaging. Skin biopsies (on 4 subjects) and ultrasound measurements (on 12 subjects) were completed. RESULTS: Assessments demonstrated a reduction in skin laxity of 35%, a reduction in fine lines/wrinkles of 42%, and a reduction in the appearance of global photodamage of 33%. Expert photograding demonstrated 92% of subjects showing at least a mild improvement in skin laxity at three months post treatment. 50 MHz ultrasound measurements in 12 subjects showed an increase of 19% in skin density. Histology showed a marked increase in dermal collagen and elastin fibers in two subjects who demonstrated a clinically noticeable reduction in skin laxity and minimal changes in two subjects who demonstrated minimal clinical improvements. There were no significant adverse events reported. CONCLUSION: This modified radiofrequency device and treatment protocol was well tolerated and produced improvements in the appearance of skin laxity and overall anti-aging effects in the majority of subjects. Objective measurements including ultrasound and histology help explain the clinical outcome.

Assessment of the safety and efficacy of a bipolar multi-frequency radiofrequency device in the treatment of skin laxity.

This study assessed the safety and efficacy of a bipolar, multi-frequency, vacuum-assisted radiofrequency device in the temporary improvement of thigh skin laxity. A secondary outcome measure included the determination of patient tolerability. Fourteen female study subjects between the ages of 30 and 61 years with Fitzpatrick skin types I-V completed the study. Each subject underwent a single, bipolar, multi-frequency, vacuum-assisted radiofrequency treatment with frequencies ranging between 0.80 and 2.45 MHZ. Suction was applied adjustable up to 500 mbars and skin temperatures were maintained between 39 and 42o C. Eight out of the fourteen (57.14%) study subjects noted an improvement in the appearance of their skin from baseline compared to their three-month follow-up while the independent, blinded investigator noted an improvement in eleven out of the fourteen (78%) subjects. All treatments were well tolerated and side effects were minimal, consisting of mild intra-operative discomfort, transient erythema and slight post-procedure edema noted in a minority of study subjects.This study demonstrated that a single treatment with a novel, bipolar, multi-frequency radiofrequency device applied to thigh skin resulted in a positive clinical improvement in 78% of investigator-assessed subjects. Furthermore, this study proved that the treatment is tolerable and safe for all skin types.

Multisource radiofrequency for fractional skin resurfacing-significant reduction of wrinkles.

BACKGROUND: Skin roughness, color change, wrinkles and skin laxity are the main characteristics of aging skin. Dermatologists and plastic surgeons look for a treatment that will provide both epidermal resurfacing for the improvement of skin roughness and deep volumetric heating that will trigger collagen remodeling in the dermis to reduce wrinkles and skin laxity. These goals should be achieved with minimal pain and downtime. METHODS: The study included 10 subjects (Fitzpatrick's skin type 2-3) with Fitzpatrick wrinkle and elastosis scale of 5-8 (average 7.3). Treatment was done with the Fractional skin resurfacing handpiece of the EndyMed PRO multisource radiofrequency system (EndyMed Ltd, Cesarea, Israel). Treatment was repeated each month up to a total of three treatment sessions. Patients photographs were graded according to accepted scales by a board certified dermatologists. Patients' pain and satisfaction were scored using dedicated questionnaires. Doctors' satisfaction was also evaluated. RESULTS: Post treatment skin erythema was noted in all treated patients, lasting up to 10 hours. Fifty six percent of patients reported no pain after treatment, and the rest (44%) reported minimal pain. All patients showed significant reduction in the Fitzpatrick wrinkle score. Average Fitzpatrick wrinkle score was 7.3 at baseline, 4.9 at 1 month after the first treatment, 4.2 at 1 month after the second treatment, and 4.1 at 1 month after the third treatment. The score was similar at 3 months after the third treatment with a score of 4.1. When asked at the end of three treatment sessions, all patients answered they will recommend the treatment to their friends (66% "definitely yes" and 33% "yes"). When asked the same question 3 months after the end of treatment, all patients (100%) answered "definitely yes".

[Comparative evaluation of efficacy of electropulse and laser lithotriptors in vitro].

The article presents a comparative study of the nanosecond electropulse and holmium laser lithotriptors in vitro. Two types of samples simulating the "hard" and "soft" urinary stones were used; for their preparation stomatological ultrastrength plaster BegoStone was used. For the tests, four sizes of samples of stones in the cuboid shape were made. The sizes of the probes and stones, to some extent, simulated real clinical situation. In the experiments for Ho:YAG laser lithotriptor (LL), three sizes of probes were used: 230, 365 and 600 microns; for electropulse lithotriptor (EPL) - 2.7, 3.6, 4.5, and 6 Fr probes. A comparison of the effectiveness of lithotriptors in the experiments was performed for pairs of probes, which corresponded to a specific size of the stones. Comparative studies were performed in water at room temperature. "Stones" with specified size for each type of probe of lithotriptors were placed on stainless steel mesh with a mesh size 2 x 2 mm, immersed in water. Distal part of the probe (tip) was placed at an angle of 900 to the horizontal surface of the "stone" and brought into contact with the sample. The experiment was stopped when the surface of the mesh was free of particles of "stone" destroyed. Each experiment with the type and size of the "stone" and the probe was repeated at least 5 times. The results showed that nanosecond EPL requires much lower energy and time costs than the LL, ie, its physical parameters are more effective for the destruction of all types of samples stones. For the destruction of the "soft" stones, EPL always required much less energy than for the he destruction of "hard" stones. At the same time, working with LL often required same energy, and sometimes even more than for the destruction of "hard" stone. For the two methods of contact lithotripsy, different depending on the pulse energy and the properties of the "stones" in their destruction is confirmed experimentally.

Retrospective analysis of pulsed radiofrequency energy therapy use in the treatment of chronic pressure ulcers.

OBJECTIVE: : The purpose of the study was to evaluate the benefit of using pulsed radiofrequency energy (PRFE) therapy in the treatment of chronic pressure ulcers. DESIGN: : A retrospective analysis was performed using case series data from the Provant Wound Registry, which consists of demographic characteristics and wound healing outcomes for patients treated with the Provant Therapy System. SETTING: : The analysis subset consisted of data from 39 distinct centers, including both residential and ambulatory care facilities. PARTICIPANTS: : The analysis included data from 89 patients. The majority of patients (89%) were cared for in residential facilities, whereas 11% of patients were cared for in ambulatory care facilities. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: : Specific outcomes that assessed wound healing between the initial time point and at the 4-week follow-up were as follows: percent wound surface area reduction (PWAR), proportion of wounds achieving 50% reduction or greater in wound surface area (50% PWAR), and the rate of wound healing (wound healing trajectory in centimeters squared per day). MAIN RESULTS: : Overall, there was a 51% median reduction in wound surface area (PWAR) after 4 weeks of PRFE therapy for wounds in the study, with 51% of wounds (56/110) achieving 50% reduction or greater in wound surface area (50% PWAR). Rate of healing measurements for the overall study group showed a median wound healing trajectory of 0.13 cm/d at 4 weeks. CONCLUSION: : Compared with historical controls and other studies using similar surrogate wound healing markers, these results suggest PRFE therapy is a beneficial adjuvant treatment option for healing chronic pressure ulcers.

Treatment of meralgia paresthetica with ultrasound-guided pulsed radiofrequency ablation of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve.

A 23-year-old female with an 18-month history of left anterolateral thigh paresthesias and burning pain consistent with meralgia paresthetica was referred to our clinic after failing trials of physical therapy, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories, gabapentin, and amitriptyline. We performed 3 lateral femoral cutaneous nerve blocks with corticosteroid over a 4-month period; however, each block provided only temporary relief. As this pain was limiting the patient's ability to perform her functions as an active duty service member, we elected to perform a pulsed radiofrequency treatment of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve with ultrasound guidance and nerve stimulation. After locating the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve with ultrasound and reproducing the patient's dysthesia with stimulation, pulsed radiofrequency treatment was performed at 42°C for 120 seconds. The needle was then rotated 180° and an additional cycle of pulsed radiofrequency treatment was performed followed by injection of 0.25% ropivacaine with 4 mg of dexamethasone. At 1.5 and 3 month follow-up visits, the patient reported excellent pain relief with activity and improved ability to perform her duties as an active duty service member. ▪

[The application of a pulsed low-frequency electrostatic field for the prevention of premature ageing].

This paper demonstrates the effectiveness of the application of a pulsed low-frequency electrostatic field (PLFESF) in order to prevent premature ageing. The study involved 50 subjects. PLFESF therapy was conducted using the DEEP OSCILLATION-200 apparatus with the applicator moved 9.5 cm along the massage lines in the dorsal collar region during 15 minutes. The therapeutic course included 10 sessions of massage at regular intervals every other day. The control subjects did not receive PLFESF therapy. The analysis of the results obtained revealed the influence of effective PLFESF therapy on various biomarkers of ageing which gives reason to recommend this technique for the application for the normalization of hemodynamic parameters, the correction of asthenic-neurotic disorders, the improvement of the patients' well-being and, as a result, the reduction of the biological age and the prevention of premature ageing.

[The comparative estimation of the efficacy of fluctuorization and ipidacrine fluctuophoresis included in the combined treatment of the patients with lesions in the inferior alveolar nerve].

The objective of the present study was the comparative estimation of the effectiveness of fluctuating currents and fluctuophoresis of a 0.5% ipidacrine solution as the components of the combined treatment of the patients with lesions in the inferior alveolar nerve. The efficacy of the treatment was evaluated from the dynamics of intensity of painful sensation, the extent of sensory disturbances, the results of electrical pulp test for the lower jaw teeth, threshold sensitivity of the lower lip skin, the degree of hydration of the periodontal tissues in the region innervated by the alveolar nerve, and the character of peripheral dynamics in the area of the mental foramen. The study has demonstrated that the introduction of fluctuophoresis of the anticholinesterase agent ipidacrine in the combined treatment of the patients presenting with the lesions in the inferior alveolar nerve increases the efficacy of therapy by 55.3% compared with the application of fluctuating currents (p < 0.05).