Structural and some medicinal characteristics of the copper(II)-hydroxychloroquine complex.

ABSTRACT

In the first phase of this study, the binding of hydroxychloroquine to the copper(II) cation is examined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance spectrometry (FT-ICR) and nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H and (13)C NMR) in one and two dimensions. The data suggest the metal-ligand complex is a polarity adaptive molecule. In the second phase of the study, the complexes activity is tested against the National Cancer Institute's 60 cell line panel. Its anti-cancer activity is compared to quinine, Cu(II)-quinine and hydroxychloroquine. It serves as a base line for future anti-cancer complexes in which hydroxychloroquine is utilized for its ability to impact cell autophagy.