Relationship between glycaemic variability and hyperglycaemic clamp-derived functional variables in (impending) type 1 diabetes.
Diabetologia
; 58(12): 2753-64, 2015 Dec.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-26409458
ABSTRACT
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS:
We examined whether measures of glycaemic variability (GV), assessed by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG), can complement or replace measures of beta cell function and insulin action in detecting the progression of preclinical disease to type 1 diabetes.METHODS:
Twenty-two autoantibody-positive (autoAb(+)) first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with type 1 diabetes who were themselves at high 5-year risk (50%) for type 1 diabetes underwent CGM, a hyperglycaemic clamp test and OGTT, and were followed for up to 31 months. Clamp variables were used to estimate beta cell function (first-phase [AUC5-10 min] and second-phase [AUC120-150 min] C-peptide release) combined with insulin resistance (glucose disposal rate; M 120-150 min). Age-matched healthy volunteers (n = 20) and individuals with recent-onset type 1 diabetes (n = 9) served as control groups.RESULTS:
In autoAb(+) FDRs, M 120-150 min below the 10th percentile (P10) of controls achieved 86% diagnostic efficiency in discriminating between normoglycaemic FDRs and individuals with (impending) dysglycaemia. M 120-150 min outperformed AUC5-10 min and AUC120-150 min C-peptide below P10 of controls, which were only 59-68% effective. Among GV variables, CGM above the reference range was better at detecting (impending) dysglycaemia than elevated SMBG (77-82% vs 73% efficiency). Combined CGM measures were equally efficient as M 120-150 min (86%). Daytime GV variables were inversely correlated with clamp variables, and more strongly with M 120-150 min than with AUC5-10 min or AUC120-150 min C-peptide. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION:
CGM-derived GV and the glucose disposal rate, reflecting both insulin secretion and action, outperformed SMBG and first- or second-phase AUC C-peptide in identifying FDRs with (impending) dysglycaemia or diabetes. Our results indicate the feasibility of developing minimally invasive CGM-based criteria for close metabolic monitoring and as outcome measures in trials.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Glucemia
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Técnica de Clampeo de la Glucosa
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Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1
/
Hiperglucemia
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
Límite:
Adolescent
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Adult
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Child
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Female
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Humans
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Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Diabetologia
Año:
2015
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Bélgica