Trial data of the anti-obesity potential of a high resistant starch diet for canines using Dodamssal rice and the identification of discriminating markers in feces for metabolic profiling.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Dodamssal rice (Oryza sativa L.) includes high levels of resistant starch (RS), which is a source of dietary fiber. Recently, there has been an increase in the prevalence of obesity in canines; however, the information regarding diet treatments for such a condition is inadequate. OBJECTIVES: Targeted metabolic profiles in canine feces were performed to identify potential biomarkers of RS and demonstrate the effect and potential use of Dodamssal rice as an anti-obesity treatment. METHODS: Study canines were divided into three groups and fed either a regular diet, high-fat diet (HFD), or high-fat diet with Dodamssal rice (DoHFD). Fecal metabolites were analyzed using gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry and a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector. Multivariate analyses were used to analyze and visualize the obtained data. RESULTS: A total of 52 metabolites were detected in the canine feces. In addition, HFD group feces contained a significantly low level of C120. The DoHFD group feces had higher levels of 4-aminobutyric acid, glucose, and 3-hydroxybutyric acid compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: For the first time, targeted metabolic profiling in the canine feces in response to three diets was performed. This metabolic profiling approach should be a useful tool to detect discriminating markers as well as assess the effect of diet compositions for anti-obesity treatment of canines. Furthermore, Dodamssal rice may possibly be used not only for canines, but also to treat obesity in other animals and humans.