Involvement of Novel Adipokines, Chemerin, Visfatin, Resistin and Apelin in Reproductive Functions in Normal and Pathological Conditions in Humans and Animal Models.
Int J Mol Sci
; 20(18)2019 Sep 09.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31505789
ABSTRACT
It is well known that adipokines are endocrine factors that are mainly secreted by white adipose tissue. Their central role in energy metabolism is currently accepted. More recently, their involvement in fertility regulation and the development of some reproductive disorders has been suggested. Data concerning the role of leptin and adiponectin, the two most studied adipokines, in the control of the reproductive axis are consistent. In recent years, interest has grown about some novel adipokines, chemerin, visfatin, resistin and apelin, which have been found to be strongly associated with obesity and insulin-resistance. Here, we will review their expression and role in male and female reproduction in humans and animal models. According to accumulating evidence, they could regulate the secretion of GnRH (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone), gonadotropins and steroids. Furthermore, their expression and that of their receptors (if known), has been demonstrated in the human and animal hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis. Like leptin and adiponectin, these novel adipokines could thus represent metabolic sensors that are able to regulate reproductive functions according to energy balance changes. Therefore, after investigating their role in normal fertility, we will also discuss their possible involvement in some reproductive troubles known to be associated with features of metabolic syndrome, such as polycystic ovary syndrome, gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia and intra-uterine growth retardation in women, and sperm abnormalities and testicular pathologies in men.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Síndrome del Ovario Poliquístico
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Preeclampsia
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Enfermedades Testiculares
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Citocinas
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Diabetes Gestacional
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Quimiocinas
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Resistina
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Nicotinamida Fosforribosiltransferasa
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Retardo del Crecimiento Fetal
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Apelina
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
Límite:
Animals
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Pregnancy
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Int J Mol Sci
Año:
2019
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Francia