Lipid Metabolism Links Nutrient-Exercise Timing to Insulin Sensitivity in Men Classified as Overweight or Obese.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
; 105(3)2020 03 01.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31628477
ABSTRACT
CONTEXT Pre-exercise nutrient availability alters acute metabolic responses to exercise, which could modulate training responsiveness. OBJECTIVE:
To assess acute and chronic effects of exercise performed before versus after nutrient ingestion on whole-body and intramuscular lipid utilization and postprandial glucose metabolism.DESIGN:
(1) Acute, randomized, crossover design (Acute Study); (2) 6-week, randomized, controlled design (Training Study).SETTING:
General community.PARTICIPANTS:
Men with overweight/obesity (mean ± standard deviation, body mass index 30.2 ± 3.5 kgâ m-2 for Acute Study, 30.9 ± 4.5 kgâ m-2 for Training Study).INTERVENTIONS:
Moderate-intensity cycling performed before versus after mixed-macronutrient breakfast (Acute Study) or carbohydrate (Training Study) ingestion.RESULTS:
Acute Study-exercise before versus after breakfast consumption increased net intramuscular lipid utilization in type I (net change -3.44 ± 2.63% versus 1.44 ± 4.18% area lipid staining, P < 0.01) and type II fibers (-1.89 ± 2.48% versus 1.83 ± 1.92% area lipid staining, P < 0.05). Training Study-postprandial glycemia was not differentially affected by 6 weeks of exercise training performed before versus after carbohydrate intake (P > 0.05). However, postprandial insulinemia was reduced with exercise training performed before but not after carbohydrate ingestion (P = 0.03). This resulted in increased oral glucose insulin sensitivity (25 ± 38 vs -21 ± 32 mLâ min-1â m-2; P = 0.01), associated with increased lipid utilization during exercise (r = 0.50, P = 0.02). Regular exercise before nutrient provision also augmented remodeling of skeletal muscle phospholipids and protein content of the glucose transport protein GLUT4 (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS:
Experiments investigating exercise training and metabolic health should consider nutrient-exercise timing, and exercise performed before versus after nutrient intake (ie, in the fasted state) may exert beneficial effects on lipid utilization and reduce postprandial insulinemia.
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Resistencia a la Insulina
/
Síndrome Metabólico
/
Sobrepeso
/
Metabolismo de los Lípidos
/
Terapia por Ejercicio
/
Obesidad
Tipo de estudio:
Clinical_trials
/
Diagnostic_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Adult
/
Humans
/
Male
País/Región como asunto:
Europa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
Año:
2020
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Reino Unido