The therapeutic implications of activated immune responses via the enigmatic immunoglobulin D.
Int Rev Immunol
; 41(2): 107-122, 2022.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33410368
ABSTRACT
Immunoglobulin D (IgD) is an enigmatic antibody and the least appreciated member of the immunoglobulin (Ig) family. Since its discovery over half a century ago, the essence of its function in the immune system has been somewhat enigmatic and less well-defined than other antibody classes. Membrane-bound IgD (mIgD) is mostly recognized as B-cell receptor (BCR) while secreted IgD (sIgD) has been recently implicated in 'arming' basophils and mast cells in mucosal innate immunity. Activations of immune responses via mIgD-BCR or sIgD by specific antigens or anti-IgD antibody thereby produce a broad and complex mix of cellular, antibody and cytokine responses from both the innate and adaptive immune systems. Such broadly activated immune responses via IgD were initially deemed to potentiate and exacerbate the onset of autoimmune and allergic conditions. Paradoxically, treatments with anti-IgD antibody suppressed and ameliorated autoimmune conditions and allergic inflammations in mouse models without compromising the host's general immune defence, demonstrating a unique and novel therapeutic application for anti-IgD antibody treatment. Herein, this review endeavored to collate and summarize the evidence of the unique characteristics and features of activated immune responses via mIgD-BCR and sIgD that revealed an unappreciated immune-regulatory function of IgD in the immune system via an amplifying loop of anti-inflammatory Th2 and tolerogenic responses, and highlighted a novel therapeutic paradigm in harnessing these immune responses to treat human autoimmune and allergic conditions.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Enfermedades Autoinmunes
/
Hipersensibilidad
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
Límite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Int Rev Immunol
Asunto de la revista:
ALERGIA E IMUNOLOGIA
Año:
2022
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Australia