The potential antiepileptic activity of astaxanthin in epileptic rats treated with valproic acid.
Saudi Pharm J
; 29(5): 418-426, 2021 May.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34135667
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES:
Epilepsy is a neurological disease characterized by sudden, abnormal, and hyper- discharges in the central nervous system (CNS). Valproic acid (VPA) is commonly used as a broad-spectrum antiepileptic therapeutic. However, in many cases, patients develop resistance to VPA treatment due to overwhelming oxidative stress, which in turn might be a major catalyst for disease progression. Therefore, antioxidants can potentially become therapeutic agents by counteracting reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated damage. The present study is aimed to evaluate the potential antiepileptic effect of astaxanthin (ASTA) in pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) induced epileptic model rats that are chronically treated with VPA for 8 weeks.METHOD:
Fifty-male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups Non-PTZ group, PTZ, PTZ/VPA, PTZ/ASTA, and PTZ/VPA/ASTA treated groups.RESULTS:
PTZ/VPA treated group showed a neuroprotective effect with improvement in antioxidant levels, behavioral test, and histopathological changes induced by PTZ. VPA also exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect as its treatment resulted in the reduction of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). ASTA exhibited an anticonvulsant effect and enhanced anti-inflammatory effect as compared to VPA. During the combined therapy, ASTA potentiated the antiepileptic effect of the VPA by reducing the oxidative stress and TNF-α as well as increased the glutathione (GSH) levels. Also, there were substantial improvements in the behavioral and histopathological changes in the VPA/ASTA treated group as compared to the VPA treated group.CONCLUSION:
ASTA could have an antiepileptic and anti-inflammatory effect by reducing ROS generation. Therefore, co-administration of both the therapeutics (VPA/ASTA) has a synergistic effect in treating epilepsy and could potentially minimize recurrence and/or exacerbation of seizures.
AED, Antiepileptic drugs; ASTA, Astaxanthin; Astaxanthin; BBB, Blood brain barrier; CNS, Central nervous system; Epilepsy; GFAP, Glial fibrillary acidic protein; GSH, Reduced glutathione; GTCS, Generalized tonic-clonic seizure; HPLC, High performance liquid chromatography; MDA, Malondialdehyde; NO, Nitrous oxide; OPA, o-Phthalaldehyde; PC, Protein carbonyl; PTZ, Pentylenetetrazol; Pentylenetetrazol; ROS; ROS, Reactive oxygen species; TNF-α, Tumor necrosis factor-α; VPA, Valproic acid; Valproic acid
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Saudi Pharm J
Año:
2021
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Arabia Saudita