Herpes Simplex Virus 2 Meningitis in Adults: A Prospective, Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study.
Clin Infect Dis
; 75(5): 753-760, 2022 09 14.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34979025
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Data on the clinical presentation are scarce and prognostic factors of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) meningitis remain unknown.METHODS:
Prospective, nationwide, population-based database identifying all adults treated for HSV-2 meningitis at departments of infectious diseases in Denmark from 2015 to 2020. Unfavorable outcome was defined as Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) scores of 1-4 and Extended GOS scores of 1-6. Modified Poisson regression was used to compute relative risks with 95% confidence intervals for unfavorable outcome.RESULTS:
HSV-2 meningitis was diagnosed in 205 patients (76% female; median age [interquartile range (IQR)], 35 [27-49] years) yielding an incidence of 0.7/100 000 population/y. Common symptoms were headache (195 of 204 patients [95%]), photophobia or phonophobia (143 of 188 [76%]), and neck stiffness (106 of 196 [54%]). The median (IQR) time to lumbar puncture was 2.0 (1-4.8) hours, and the median cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leukocyte count was 360â (166-670) ×â 10 × 6/L, with a mononuclear predominance of 97% (91%-99%). Lumbar puncture was preceded by brain imaging in 61 of 205 patients (30%). Acyclovir or valacyclovir was administered in 197 of 205 patients (96%) for a median (IQR) of 10 (7-14) days. Unfavorable outcome was observed in 64 of 205 patients (31%) at discharge and 19 of 181 (11%) after 6 months and was not associated with female sex (relative risk [95% confidence interval], 1.08 [.65-1.79]), ageâ ≥35 years (1.28 [.83-1.97]), immunocompromise (1.07 [.57-2.03]), or CSF leukocyte countâ >1000â ×â 10 × 6/L (0.78 [.33-1.84]).CONCLUSIONS:
HSV-2 meningitis often presented as meningeal symptoms in younger women. Unfavorable outcome at discharge was common and was not associated with sex, age, immunocompromise, or CSF leukocyte count. Sequelae persisted beyond 6 months in one-tenth of patients.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Herpes Simple
/
Meningitis
Tipo de estudio:
Etiology_studies
/
Incidence_studies
/
Observational_studies
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Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Adult
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Female
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Humans
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Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Clin Infect Dis
Asunto de la revista:
DOENCAS TRANSMISSIVEIS
Año:
2022
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Dinamarca