Whole Blood Adsorber During CPB and Need for Vasoactive Treatment After Valve Surgery in Acute Endocarditis: A Randomized Controlled Study.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Patients with endocarditis requiring urgent valvular surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass are at a high risk of developing systemic inflammatory response syndrome and septic shock, necessitating intensive use of vasopressors after surgery. The use of a cytokine hemoadsorber (CytoSorb, CytoSorbents Europe GmbH, Germany) during cardiac surgery has been suggested to reduce the risk of inflammatory activation. The study authors hypothesized that adding a cytokine adsorber would reduce cytokine burden, which would translate into improved hemodynamic stability. DESIGN: A randomized, controlled, nonblinded clinical trial. SETTING: At a university hospital, tertiary referral center. PARTICIPANTS: Nineteen patients with endocarditis undergoing valve surgery. INTERVENTION A cytokine hemoadsorber integrated into the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The accumulated norepinephrine dose in the intervention group was half or less at all postoperative time points compared to the control group, although it did not reach statistical significance; at 24 and 48 hours (median 36 [25-75 percentiles; 12-57] µg v 114 [25-559] µg, p = 0.11 and 36 [12-99] µg v 261 [25-689] µg, p = 0.09). There was no significant difference in chest tube output, but there was a significantly lower need for the transfusion of red blood cells (285 [0-657] mL v 1,940 [883-2,148] mL, p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups with regard to vasopressor use after surgery for endocarditis with the use of a cytokine hemoadsorber during cardiopulmonary bypass. Additional, larger randomized controlled trials are needed to definitely assess the potential effect.