Alveolar macrophages and airway hyperresponsiveness associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection.
Front Immunol
; 13: 1012048, 2022.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36341376
ABSTRACT
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a ubiquitous pathogen of viral bronchiolitis and pneumonia in children younger than 2 years of age, which is closely associated with recurrent wheezing and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Alveolar macrophages (AMs) located on the surface of the alveoli cavity are the important innate immune barrier in the respiratory tract. AMs are recognized as recruited airspace macrophages (RecAMs) and resident airspace macrophages (RAMs) based on their origins and roaming traits. AMs are polarized in the case of RSV infection, forming two macrophage phenotypes termed as M1-like and M2-like macrophages. Both M1 macrophages and M2 macrophages are involved in the modulation of inflammatory responses, among which M1 macrophages are capable of pro-inflammatory responses and M2 macrophages are capable of anti-proinflammatory responses and repair damaged tissues in the acute and convalescent phases of RSV infection. Polarized AMs affect disease progression through the alteration of immune cell surface phenotypes as well as participate in the regulation of T lymphocyte differentiation and the type of inflammatory response, which are closely associated with long-term AHR. In recent years, some progress have been made in the regulatory mechanism of AM polarization caused by RSV infection, which participates in acute respiratory inflammatory response and mediating AHR in infants. Here we summarized the role of RSV-infection-mediated AM polarization associated with AHR in infants.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Neumonía
/
Hipersensibilidad Respiratoria
/
Virus Sincitial Respiratorio Humano
/
Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio
Tipo de estudio:
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Front Immunol
Año:
2022
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
China