Immune Evasion of G-CSF and GM-CSF in Lung Cancer.
Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul)
; 87(1): 22-30, 2024 Jan.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37726942
ABSTRACT
Tumor immune evasion is a complex process that involves various mechanisms, such as antigen recognition restriction, immune system suppression, and T cell exhaustion. The tumor microenvironment contains various immune cells involved in immune evasion. Recent studies have demonstrated that granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) induce immune evasion in lung cancer by modulating neutrophils and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Here we describe the origin and function of G-CSF and GM-CSF, particularly their role in immune evasion in lung cancer. In addition, their effects on programmed death-ligand 1 expression and clinical implications are discussed.
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MEDLINE
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Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul)
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2024
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Article