Vaccine Effectiveness Against Influenza A-Associated Hospitalization, Organ Failure, and Death: United States, 2022-2023.
Clin Infect Dis
; 78(4): 1056-1064, 2024 Apr 10.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38051664
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Influenza circulation during the 2022-2023 season in the United States largely returned to pre-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-pandemic patterns and levels. Influenza A(H3N2) viruses were detected most frequently this season, predominately clade 3C.2a1b.2a, a close antigenic match to the vaccine strain.METHODS:
To understand effectiveness of the 2022-2023 influenza vaccine against influenza-associated hospitalization, organ failure, and death, a multicenter sentinel surveillance network in the United States prospectively enrolled adults hospitalized with acute respiratory illness between 1 October 2022, and 28 February 2023. Using the test-negative design, vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates against influenza-associated hospitalization, organ failures, and death were measured by comparing the odds of current-season influenza vaccination in influenza-positive case-patients and influenza-negative, SARS-CoV-2-negative control-patients.RESULTS:
A total of 3707 patients, including 714 influenza cases (33% vaccinated) and 2993 influenza- and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-negative controls (49% vaccinated) were analyzed. VE against influenza-associated hospitalization was 37% (95% confidence interval [CI] 27%-46%) and varied by age (18-64 years 47% [30%-60%]; ≥65 years 28% [10%-43%]), and virus (A[H3N2] 29% [6%-46%], A[H1N1] 47% [23%-64%]). VE against more severe influenza-associated outcomes included 41% (29%-50%) against influenza with hypoxemia treated with supplemental oxygen; 65% (56%-72%) against influenza with respiratory, cardiovascular, or renal failure treated with organ support; and 66% (40%-81%) against influenza with respiratory failure treated with invasive mechanical ventilation.CONCLUSIONS:
During an early 2022-2023 influenza season with a well-matched influenza vaccine, vaccination was associated with reduced risk of influenza-associated hospitalization and organ failure.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Virus de la Influenza A
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Vacunas contra la Influenza
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Gripe Humana
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Subtipo H1N1 del Virus de la Influenza A
Límite:
Adolescent
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Adult
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Humans
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Middle aged
País/Región como asunto:
America do norte
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Clin Infect Dis
Asunto de la revista:
DOENCAS TRANSMISSIVEIS
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos