An Atypical Case of Microscopic Polyangiitis Associated With Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Complete Atrioventricular Block Mistaken for Infectious Pneumonia.
Cureus
; 15(11): e48566, 2023 Nov.
Article
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| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38074050
ABSTRACT
The association between antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis and hematologic malignancy has been previously described and remains a rare phenomenon (although potentially underdiagnosed). We report the case of an 81-year-old patient with myelodysplastic syndrome who was managed for an infectious-appearing pneumonia, which subsequently complicated into complete heart block and severe acute respiratory distress syndrome with a fatal outcome. The final diagnosis is severe hemorrhagic alveolitis due to ANCA-associated vasculitis meeting the criteria for microscopic polyangiitis. This article provides an opportunity to discuss the association between ANCA-associated vasculitis and hematologic malignancies and the adverse prognosis associated with it.
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Cureus
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2023
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Article