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Central nervous system tumours in neonates: what should the neonatologist know?
Toniutti, Maristella; Sasso, Annalisa Lo; Carai, Andrea; Colafati, Giovanna Stefania; Piccirilli, Eleonora; Del Baldo, Giada; Mastronuzzi, Angela.
Afiliación
  • Toniutti M; Department of Medicine DAME-Division of Pediatrics, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
  • Sasso AL; Department of Medicine DAME-Division of Pediatrics, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
  • Carai A; Department of Neurosciences, Neurosurgery Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
  • Colafati GS; Department of Diagnostic Imaging Oncological Neuroradiology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
  • Piccirilli E; Department of Diagnostic Imaging Oncological Neuroradiology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
  • Del Baldo G; Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
  • Mastronuzzi A; Department of Pediatric Haematology and Oncology, and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Eur J Pediatr ; 183(4): 1485-1497, 2024 Apr.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38206395
ABSTRACT
Central nervous system (CNS) tumours in neonates are relatively rare and present differently when compared with those occurring later in childhood in terms of aetiology, clinical features, location, histology and prognosis. The clinical presentation is extremely variable. Even if the most frequent clinical sign is a macrocephaly, there are many other non-specific symptoms associated. The prognosis is usually poor with overall survival of less than 30%. Surgery continues to be the primary treatment for neonatal CNS tumours, aiming for a gross total resection, directly correlated with prognosis and the overall outcome. The chemotherapy is the only adjuvant therapy whereas the radiotherapy is avoided under three years of age because of the severe sequelae. Hence the importance of molecular characterization of these neoplasms in order to improve the accuracy of the diagnosis and identify new therapeutic targets. The aim of this review is to describe the main characteristics of these tumours and the recent advances in their treatment in order to recognize these pathologies in the prenatal period and create a multidisciplinary team providing the best possible treatment while minimising the risk of long-term complications. Neonatologists play a key role in the early detection, diagnostic evaluation, management and supportive care of these neonates

Conclusion:

The aim of this review is to describe the main characteristics of these tumours and the recent advances in their treatment in order to ensure the essential knowledge that will help the neonatologist identify them and create a multidisciplinary team providing the best possible treatment while minimising the risk of long-term complications. What is Known • Neonatal CNS tumours are relatively rare and their early identification is important to identify the best diagnostic-therapeutic management. • Surgery is the main treatment of neonatal CNS tumours. The extent of surgical resection directly correlates with prognosis and outcome. What is New • Predisposing conditions such as Cancer Predisposition Syndromes must be considered. • Targeted drugs and other therapeutic strategies can be identified through molecular characterization.
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Texto completo: 1 Banco de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Neoplasias del Sistema Nervioso Central / Neonatólogos Tipo de estudio: Prognostic_studies / Screening_studies Límite: Humans / Newborn Idioma: En Revista: Eur J Pediatr Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Italia

Texto completo: 1 Banco de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Neoplasias del Sistema Nervioso Central / Neonatólogos Tipo de estudio: Prognostic_studies / Screening_studies Límite: Humans / Newborn Idioma: En Revista: Eur J Pediatr Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Italia