Randomized Trial of Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Blood Pressure After 5 Years.
J Am Coll Cardiol
; 83(6): 637-648, 2024 02 13.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38325988
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Obesity represents a major obstacle for controlling hypertension, the leading risk factor for cardiovascular mortality.OBJECTIVES:
The purpose of this study was to determine the long-term effects of bariatric surgery on hypertension control and remission.METHODS:
We conducted a randomized clinical trial with subjects with obesity grade 1 or 2 plus hypertension using at least 2 medications. We excluded subjects with previous cardiovascular events and poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. Subjects were assigned to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) combined with medical therapy (MT) or MT alone. We reassessed the original primary outcome (reduction of at least 30% of the total antihypertensive medications while maintaining blood pressure levels <140/90 mm Hg) at 5 years. The main analysis followed the intention-to-treat principle.RESULTS:
A total of 100 subjects were included (76% women, age 43.8 ± 9.2 years, body mass index 36.9 ± 2.7 kg/m2). At 5 years, body mass index was 36.40 kg/m2 (95% CI 35.28-37.52 kg/m2) for MT and 28.01 kg/m2 (95% CI 26.95-29.08 kg/m2) for RYGB (P < 0.001). Compared with MT, RYGB promoted a significantly higher rate of number of medications reduction (80.7% vs 13.7%; relative risk 5.91; 95% CI 2.58-13.52; P < 0.001) and the mean number of antihypertensive medications was 2.97 (95% CI 2.33-3.60) for MT and 0.80 (95% CI 0.51-1.09) for RYGB (P < 0.001). The rates of hypertension remission were 2.4% vs 46.9% (relative risk 19.66; 95% CI 2.74-141.09; P < 0.001). Sensitivity analysis considering only completed cases revealed consistent results. Interestingly, the rate of apparent resistant hypertension was lower after RYGB (0% vs 15.2%).CONCLUSIONS:
Bariatric surgery represents an effective and durable strategy to control hypertension and related polypharmacy in subjects with obesity. (GAstric bypass to Treat obEse Patients With steAdy hYpertension [GATEWAY]; NCT01784848).Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Obesidad Mórbida
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Derivación Gástrica
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Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2
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Cirugía Bariátrica
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Hipertensión
Tipo de estudio:
Clinical_trials
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Etiology_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Adult
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Am Coll Cardiol
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article