Erector Spinae Plane Block Placement Utilizing Fluoroscopic Guidance Improves Efficiency in Lumbar Surgery.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The erector spinae plane block (ESPB) is a novel regional analgesic technique which improves postoperative outcomes in lumbar surgery patients including length of hospitalization, days to ambulation, and postoperative opioid use. Traditionally, the block is administered by anesthesiologists trained in the ultrasound guidance technique. The use of fluoroscopic guidance may improve the efficiency and accessibility of the ESPB for spine surgeons. We aim to measure the time to administer an ESPB using fluoroscopic guidance and localize the anesthetic using intraoperative three-dimensional (3D) imaging. METHODS: Two neurosurgeons administered an ESPB to patients undergoing lumbar surgery. Time from insertion of the spinal needle to localize the erector spinae plane using C-arm guidance to time of complete injection and removal of the needle from the skin was recorded. One patient underwent O-arm imaging following injection of an Isovue-Exparel solution at the L3 level to visualize spread of the anesthetic. RESULTS: A total of 21 patients were enrolled in this study. The average duration to perform an ESPB under fluoroscopic guidance was 1.2 minutes. The Isovue-Exparel solution was injected at the L3 level and was well distributed along the ESP on intraoperative O-arm imaging. The anesthetic dissected the erector spinae muscle from the transverse process at L2, L3, and L4. CONCLUSIONS: Fluoroscopic guidance allows efficient and appropriate delivery of the anesthetic to the erector spinae plane. Performing an ESPB with fluoroscopic guidance improves efficiency and accessibility of the analgesic technique for spine surgeons, reducing dependence on anesthesiology personnel trained in administering the block.