Communicable diseases in Ukraine during the period of 2018-2023: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and war.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: By examining 2018-2023 data, this study explored the intricate impact of the Russian invasion, ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, and environmental disruptions on communicable diseases in Ukraine. This conflict exacerbates challenges in disease surveillance and healthcare, compounding stress among the population. METHODS: Leveraging the Centers for Disease Prevention Control's surveillance system, the study employs active and passive surveillance, utilizing medical records and laboratory reports. Notification rates gauge the incidence of communicable diseases, offering insights into trends during the study period. RESULTS: While salmonellosis, shigellosis, and rotavirus incidence are decreasing overall, there is a surge in viral hepatitis A, chronic hepatitis B, and C. This conflict hampers hepatitis C management, as evidenced by decreased numbers of treatment centers and patient enrollment. The prevalence of cough cases will increase in 2023, emphasizing the importance of sustained vaccination. The incidence of tuberculosis will increase in 2023 despite a general decrease. CONCLUSION: This study underscores the urgent need for sustained efforts and adequate resources, infrastructure, and international support to mitigate public health challenges in conflict-ridden Ukraine. Prioritizing vaccination programmes and enhancing healthcare accessibility in affected regions are crucial.