Características demográficas, de salud, necesidades de cuidado y diagnósticos de enfermería de personas hospitalizadas que sufren trastorno afectivo bipolar / Demographic and Health Characteristics, Care Needs and Nursing Diagnoses in Hospitalized Individuals with Bipolar Affective Disorder / Características demográficas, de saúde, necessidades de cuidado e diagnósticos de enfermagem de pessoal hospitalizado sofrendo transtorno afetivo bipolar
Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo. Se seleccionaron 158 historias clínicas entre enero y junio de 2015, La información se recolectó de las notas de ingreso del equipo terapéutico, y para las necesidades de cuidado se utilizaron los patrones funcionales de Marjory Gordon.
Resultados:
el 55,7% eran mujeres, con edades entre 19 y 82 años, el 71,5% eran residentes de Medellin, el 47,5% eran solteros, el 19% tenían estudios secundarios. El 66,5% presentó sintomatologia propia del TAB en el momento del ingreso; el diagnósticoCIE-10 más frecuente fue TAB-episodio maniaco, presente con síntomas psicóticos. Las necesidades encontradas, según los patrones de Marjory Gordon, fueron falta de introspección, presencia de insomnio, alucinaciones y autoagresión. Para estas necesidades los diagnósticos de enfermería fueron deterioro de la toma de decisiones independiente, trastorno del patrón del sueño y riesgo de violencia autodirigida.
Conclusiones:
La información demográfica y de salud es similar a las características reportadas por otras investigaciones. Tanto las necesidades de cuidado y los diagnósticos de enfermería son congruentes con la incapacidad mental que impiden un adecuado autocuidado.
To describe the demographic and health characteristics, care needs and nursing diagnoses in patients hospitalized due to a BAD diagnosis in the mental-health clinic Clínica Psiquiátrica Nuestra Señora del Sagrado Corazón.
Method:
This is a retrospective descriptive study. One hundred and fifty-eight medical records were selected between January and June 2015. Information was gathered from the admission notes by the therapeutic team; the functional patterns by Marjory Gordon were used to examine the care needs based on the data.
Results:
In the sample, 55.7%were women from 19 to 82 years old; 71.5% of the sample lived in Medellin; 47.5% were single individuals; 19% had completed the high school. A 66.5% showed symptoms typical to the BAD at the time of admission; under the CIE-10 diagnosis, the BAD maniac episode was the most frequent and included psychotic symptoms. According to the patterns by Marjory Gordon, the nursingneeds found in the sample were lack of introspection, sleeplessness, hallucinations, and selfharming. Regarding these needs, the nursing diagnoses were deterioration in the independent decision-making; disorder of the sleep pattern and self-harming risk.
Conclusions:
The demographic and health information is similar to the typical characteristics reported in other researches. Both the care needs and nursing diagnoses are consistent with the mental inability, which hampers an appropriate self-care.
Estudo descritivo retrospectivo. Selecionaram-se 158 relatórios clínicos entre janeiro e junho de 2015. A informação foi coletada das anotações de admissão da equipe terapêutica, e para as necessidades de cuidado foram utilizados padrões funcionais de Marjory Gordon.
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