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1.
J Med Primatol ; 50(6): 332-334, 2021 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34585387

RESUMEN

Mammary neoplasia is rare in nonhuman primates other than macaques; records in New World primates are exceedingly rare. We report the pathologic and immunohistochemical features of an invasive carcinoma no special type with neuroendocrine differentiation in a captive, black-handed spider monkey (Ateles geoffroyi).


Asunto(s)
Ateles geoffroyi , Atelinae , Carcinoma , Animales , Macaca
2.
J Comp Pathol ; 179: 52-58, 2020 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32958148

RESUMEN

While the health effects of trypanosomes in Australian mammals in their native range are not fully understood, there is evidence of an impact in those species introduced to other geographical regions. Here we report the pathological and molecular features of concurrent fatal trypanosomiasis and toxoplasmosis in an adult female captive red-necked wallaby (syn. Bennett's wallaby; Macropus rufogriseus) from Bee County, Texas, USA. The animal exhibited no clinical signs prior to sudden death. On necropsy, the main findings were generalized organ congestion and bilateral renal petechiation. Microscopically, the main finding was lymphohistiocytic and necrotizing pancarditis with intrasarcoplasmic protozoal pseudocysts containing amastigotes and occasional intrahistiocytic amastigotes, morphologically compatible with Trypanosoma cruzi, as well as rare intrasarcoplasmic protozoal tissue cysts with zoites morphologically compatible with Toxoplasma gondii. Other lesions included acute centrilobular to panlobular necrotizing hepatitis with intrahepatocellular T. gondii cysts, necrotizing splenitis, pulmonary oedema with fibrin, histiocytosis and rare fibrin microthrombi, and acute renal tubular degeneration with proteinosis and pigmented casts suggestive of haemoglobinuria or myoglobinuria. Immunohistochemical labelling confirmed intralesional T. gondii cysts and molecular analyses identified T. cruzi genotype I and T. gondii. This is a unique case that, to the best of our knowledge, represents the first description of T. cruzi and T. gondii co-infection, as well as the first record of naturally occurring infection T. cruzi genotype I infection in macropodids. This case adds to the epidemiological knowledge on Chagas disease in the USA, particularly in Texas where there is a high prevalence of human and canine trypanosomiasis.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Chagas/veterinaria , Coinfección/veterinaria , Macropodidae , Toxoplasmosis Animal , Animales , Femenino
3.
J Comp Pathol ; 178: 41-45, 2020 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32800107

RESUMEN

An 88.5 cm long, 12.9 kg, 3-week-old stranded male Atlantic harbour seal (Phoca vitulina concolor) presented with cerebellar ataxia, delayed postural reactions, hyperaesthesia and nystagmus. The skull was enlarged and domed. Ultrasound through a persistent fontanelle in the frontal bone revealed hydrocephalus. Magnetic resonance imaging showed diffuse enlargement of the ventricular system, an absent cerebellar vermis, hypertrophy of the choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle and enlargement of the caudal fossa. Throughout rehabilitation, the seal failed to achieve milestones critical for successful release or placement in a managed care facility, including the ability to feed independently and haul out. Three months into rehabilitation it began to regurgitate and staff had difficulty administering food to the seal. The seal was euthanized due to a poor prognosis. Post-mortem examination confirmed a) aplasia of the dorsal cerebellar vermis and hypoplasia of the most dorsal portions of the right and left cerebellar hemispheres, b) severe, diffuse, congenital communicating hydrocephalus, and c) aplasia of the interthalamic adhesion and corpus callosum. This case represents the first report of Dandy-Walker-like malformation (DWLM) in a marine mammal and illustrates the importance of advanced imaging and thorough post-mortem examination in free-ranging pinnipeds that strand with evidence of neurological disease.


Asunto(s)
Ataxia Cerebelosa/veterinaria , Síndrome de Dandy-Walker/veterinaria , Phoca , Animales , Animales Salvajes , Organismos Acuáticos , Autopsia/veterinaria , Síndrome de Dandy-Walker/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Dandy-Walker/patología , Hidrocefalia/veterinaria , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/veterinaria
4.
J Comp Pathol ; 178: 50-55, 2020 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32800109

RESUMEN

The leatherback sea turtle (LST; Dermochelys coriacea) is highly migratory and is primarily distributed throughout tropical and subtropical regions. The LST populations found in Brazil are critically endangered. An unusual mortality event occurred between August and November 2016 with 23 LSTs stranded along a 100 km coastal segment in Iguape, Ilha Comprida and Ilha do Cardoso in southern São Paulo state. This study investigated the pathological findings and most likely causes of death of 10 LSTs. Male (n = 9) and adult (n = 9) animals predominated. All but one animal was in good body condition and all were found dead. The most prevalent gross findings were suggestive of bycatch, namely cutaneous erosions, abrasions and/or lacerations around the neck and flippers (n = 9), generalized congestion (n = 8) and pulmonary oedema (n = 6). Other prevalent gross findings were: cutaneous epibiosis by Stomatolepas elegans (n = 7); ileocecal diverticulitis (n = 7); distal oesophagitis (n = 5); and fibrinous coelomitis (n = 5). Microscopically, the most prevalent findings were: hepatic melanomacrophage centre hypertrophy or hyperplasia (n = 9); interstitial pneumonia (n = 8); multisystemic congestion (n = 6); pulmonary oedema with or without aspirated material (n = 5); adrenal coccidiosis (n = 5) with variable multiorgan involvement; and multiorgan bacterial disease (n = 5). Five animals had food ingesta (cnidarians, crustaceans) in the oesophagus or stomach; only one had evident plastic foreign bodies. Asphyxia due to entanglement in nets was the most frequently identified cause of death (n = 8); a cause of death was not identified in two animals. Our findings provide evidence of the severe negative impact of entanglement in fishing nets in LSTs, raising concerns for conservation. These findings also contribute to knowledge of the pathology of LSTs in South American populations.


Asunto(s)
Tortugas , Glándulas Suprarrenales/parasitología , Glándulas Suprarrenales/patología , Animales , Animales Salvajes , Organismos Acuáticos , Asfixia , Infecciones Bacterianas/patología , Infecciones Bacterianas/veterinaria , Brasil , Coccidiosis/patología , Coccidiosis/veterinaria , Conservación de los Recursos Naturales , Crustáceos , Infestaciones Ectoparasitarias/veterinaria , Especies en Peligro de Extinción , Femenino , Hígado/patología , Pulmón/patología , Masculino , Mortalidad , Cuello/patología , Piel/parasitología , Piel/patología , Tortugas/anomalías , Tortugas/microbiología , Tortugas/parasitología
5.
J Comp Pathol ; 176: 122-127, 2020 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32359624

RESUMEN

We report the pathological features of a facial squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and an abdominal peripheral nerve sheath tumour (PNST) with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation in an aged free-ranging rough-toothed dolphin (Steno bredanensis). The animal was found stranded dead in poor body condition. On external examination, there was a 25 × 7 × 3 cm extensively ulcerated area on the right maxillary region of the rostrum, involving the oral mucocutaneous junction with prominent nodular edges, severe soft tissue loss and extensive maxillary and premaxillary bone lysis. On abdominal dissection, a 5 × 4 × 3.5 cm pale tan to red, raised mass expanded the inner aspect of the right transverse abdominis muscle. Microscopically, the aggressive facial lesion was an acantholytic SCC with extensive osteolysis; there was no evidence of metastasis in the tissues examined. The abdominal mass had cytohistomorphological features compatible with a localized PNST, including whorling, Antoni A and Antoni B areas and Verocay bodies intermixed with rhabdomyoblastic components, as suggested by phosphotungstic acid haematoxylin stain. This neoplasm was locally infiltrative, yet no metastases were observed in the tissues examined. No immunohistochemical investigations could be performed due to lack of tissue availability. Total DNA from the formalin-fixed and paraffin wax-embedded SCC was extracted and tested by polymerase chain reaction for herpesvirus and papillomavirus genetic material. There was no amplification for either of these genera. Other pathological findings observed in this animal were related to the 'live-stranding stress response'. The severity and extent of the facial SCC likely related to anorexia and poor body condition and might have played a role in the stranding and death of this dolphin. These two tumour subtypes add to the relatively uncommon reports of neoplasia in cetaceans. Specifically, these appear to be the first neoplasia records for rough-toothed dolphins, including the first documentation of a PNST with features compatible with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation in a marine mammal.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Abdominales/veterinaria , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/veterinaria , Delfines , Neoplasias Faciales/veterinaria , Neoplasias de la Vaina del Nervio/veterinaria , Animales
6.
J Comp Pathol ; 168: 1-7, 2019 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31103052

RESUMEN

We describe the gross, microscopical, histochemical and immunohistochemical features of a sclerosing pneumopathic disease process resembling primary multicentric pulmonary low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma in a juvenile female leatherback sea turtle (Dermochelys coriacea). The animal was fresh, presented in good body condition and stranded dead in Aracaju, Sergipe state, Brazil, in September, 2017. Grossly, the lungs were enlarged bilaterally and the parenchyma was replaced by large, coalescing, white, firm masses that extended into the bronchi and bronchioles and to the pleura. Microscopically, these masses consisted of paucicellular populations of well-differentiated, spindle-shaped fibroblasts with low pleomorphism and low mitotic count, but tissue invasion. Abundant collagen in compact areas merged with peripheral fibromyxoid foci and inflamed stroma. Antibodies specific for cytokeratins AE1/AE3 and smooth muscle actin (SMA) labelled pneumocytes lining the remaining distorted alveoli and the hypertrophied and hyperplastic bronchial muscles, respectively. Tumour cells were negative for SMA; neither neoplastic nor normal tissues cross-reacted with antibodies specific for vimentin or Ki67. Chelonid alphaherpesvirus 5 (ChHV5) polymerase chain reaction analysis from formalin-fixed, paraffin wax-embedded lung tissue sections amplified a 450 base pair fragment of DNA-polymerase (UL30 region) that had 100% homology to sequences previously detected in green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) on the Brazilian coast. Enterocolitis was a concomitant condition that likely caused morbidity in this case. These findings contribute to the body of knowledge on sea turtle health and expand the known geographical range for ChHV5 in the southern hemisphere.


Asunto(s)
Fibrosarcoma/veterinaria , Infecciones por Herpesviridae , Mixosarcoma/veterinaria , Tortugas/virología , Animales , Femenino , Herpesviridae
7.
J Med Primatol ; 47(3): 205-208, 2018 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29574930

RESUMEN

Cutaneous neoplasia is common in non-human primates. We describe the gross and microscopic features of multicentric cutaneous keratoacanthomas in a free-living marmoset (Callithrix sp.). Immunohistochemistry for human papillomavirus and herpes simplex virus type I and simplex virus type II was negative. Keratoacanthomas should be included in the differential diagnosis for cutaneous masses in non-human primates.


Asunto(s)
Callithrix , Queratoacantoma/patología , Enfermedades de los Monos/patología , Animales , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Inmunohistoquímica , Queratoacantoma/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de los Monos/diagnóstico
8.
J Comp Pathol ; 159: 21-25, 2018 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29599001

RESUMEN

The opossum (family Didelphidae) is a marsupial endemic to the Americas. Apart from the South American short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica) and the Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana), there is considerable lack of knowledge about the health and diseases of most opossum species. Among these, the big-eared opossum (Didelphis aurita) is found in Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay. Natural and experimental studies have shown this species to be susceptible to infectious agents with zoonotic potential and the animals may play a role in transmission of such agents. However, neoplasia appears to be uncommon in this species. We describe the gross, microscopical and immunohistochemical features of a parotid salivary gland basal cell adenocarcinoma in a free-living big-eared opossum. This case represents the first report of salivary gland neoplasia in opossums.


Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma/veterinaria , Didelphis , Neoplasias de la Parótida/veterinaria , Animales , Femenino
9.
J Med Primatol ; 47(2): 120-123, 2018 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29283438

RESUMEN

Pulmonary neoplasia is rare among wild New World primates. We report the gross, microscopical, and immunohistochemical features of a primary multicentric pulmonary adenosquamous carcinoma in a free-living black capuchin monkey (Sapajus nigritus). Herein, the spectrum of pulmonary neoplasms in non-human primates is widened and briefly reviewed.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma Adenoescamoso/veterinaria , Cebinae , Neoplasias Pulmonares/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Monos/diagnóstico , Animales , Animales Salvajes , Brasil , Carcinoma Adenoescamoso/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Masculino
12.
Sci Rep ; 7(1): 13621, 2017 10 19.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29051628

RESUMEN

Diving air-breathing vertebrates have long been considered protected against decompression sickness (DCS) through anatomical, physiological, and behavioural adaptations. However, an acute systemic gas and fat embolic syndrome similar to DCS in human divers was described in beaked whales that stranded in temporal and spatial association with military exercises involving high-powered sonar. More recently, DCS has been diagnosed in bycaught sea turtles. Both cases were linked to human activities. Two Risso's dolphin (Grampus griseus) out of 493 necropsied cetaceans stranded in the Canary Islands in a 16-year period (2000-2015), had a severe acute decompression sickness supported by pathological findings and gas analysis. Deadly systemic, inflammatory, infectious, or neoplastic diseases, ship collision, military sonar, fisheries interaction or other type of lethal inducing associated trauma were ruled out. Struggling with a squid during hunting is discussed as the most likely cause of DCS.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Descompresión/patología , Animales , Cromatografía de Gases , Enfermedad de Descompresión/metabolismo , Delfines , Femenino , Gases/análisis , Hígado/química , Hígado/patología , Masculino
13.
J Comp Pathol ; 157(1): 51-56, 2017 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28735671

RESUMEN

Neuroectodermal developmental anomalies are reported rarely in cetaceans and central nervous system cysts are not described. We describe the gross, microscopical, histochemical and immunohistochemical features of a neuraxial myelencephalic cyst in a stranded neonatal Burmeister's porpoise (Phocoena spinipinnis). Grossly, a subdural, extra-axial, well-demarcated, yellow fluid-filled cystic structure (1.9 × 1.6 × 1 cm) expanded the left foramen of Luschka, the left caudolateral cerebellar recess and the left cranioventral myelencephalon. The cyst displaced the ipsilateral ventral paraflocculus and distended the underlying cranial nerves IX, X, XI and XII. Microscopically, the cystic structure was lined by a monolayer of low cuboidal to flattened epithelium supported by a thin fibrovascular matrix. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) revealed strong and diffuse expression of AE1/AE3 and focal positivity for vimentin. IHC for epithelial membrane antigen, glial fibrillary acid protein, synaptophysin and S100 was negative. Based on these findings, an extra-axial cyst of the choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle (CCPFV) was diagnosed. The pathological relevance of the CCPFV in this case is uncertain. The cause of death involved severe perinatal interspecific (shark) trauma. The present case provides the first evidence of a neuroepithelial cyst in cetacean species.


Asunto(s)
Plexo Coroideo/anomalías , Defectos del Tubo Neural/veterinaria , Phocoena/anomalías , Animales , Animales Recién Nacidos
14.
J Comp Pathol ; 155(2-3): 267-271, 2016.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27392421

RESUMEN

This report describes the histological and immunohistochemical features of multicentric, benign, epithelial inclusions (BEIs) in a free-ranging, adult, female Risso's dolphin (Grampus griseus). The differential diagnoses included ectopic hamartomatous epithelial inclusions, non-Müllerian choristoma, Müllerian choristoma and low-grade metastatic carcinoma/mesothelioma. The most likely diagnosis of such BEIs was multicentric, embolic, reactive mesothelium, as suggested by cytomorphological and immunophenotypical features of the BEIs, the occurrence of focal pleural rupture and the immunophenotype of the pleural mesothelium. The former represents a pathological condition not previously reported in a marine mammal species, rarely described in animals, and relatively infrequently recognized in man.


Asunto(s)
Delfines , Epitelio/patología , Cuerpos de Inclusión/patología , Ganglios Linfáticos/patología , Animales , Femenino
15.
Vet Pathol ; 53(6): 1233-1240, 2016 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27106736

RESUMEN

The vascular system of Cuvier's beaked whales (CBW) (Ziphius cavirostris; family Ziphiidae), an extremely deep, prolonged-diving cetacean, is increasingly receiving anatomic and physiologic study due to possible anthropogenic interactions; however, vascular pathology rarely has been reported in this species. Thirteen CBW stranded in the Canary Islands from June 2008 to June 2014 were autopsied. A careful dissection of the thoracic and abdominal vasculature was performed on these animals. All had moderate to severe and extensive chronic fibrosing arteritis with aneurysms, hemorrhages, and thrombosis primarily involving the mesenteric and gastroepiploic arteries and the thoracic and abdominal aorta. Microscopically, the lesions varied from subacute subintimal hemorrhages and severe neutrophilic, eosinophilic, and histiocytic dissecting arteritis with intralesional nematode larvae to marked, chronic, fibrosing arteritis with thickening and distortion of the vascular wall with calcification and occasional cartilage metaplasia. In addition, adult nematodes in renal arteries and veins, renal parenchyma and/or ureter were identified morphologically as Crassicauda sp. Nucleic acid sequenced from renal nematodes from 2 animals yielded closest nucleotide identity to C. magna The pathogenesis is proposed to involve a host response to larval migration from the intestine to the kidney through the mesenteric arteries, abdominal aorta, and renal arteries. Severe consequences for such lesions are possible and could vary from reduced vascular compliance to chronic renal disease and predisposition to the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation and multiorgan failure. Severe chronic arteritis in CBW is associated with renal parasitism by Crassicauda spp.


Asunto(s)
Arteritis/veterinaria , Nematodos , Infecciones por Nematodos/veterinaria , Ballenas/parasitología , Animales , Arteritis/parasitología , Arteritis/patología , Sistema Cardiovascular/parasitología , Sistema Cardiovascular/patología , Femenino , Larva , Masculino , Infecciones por Nematodos/parasitología , Infecciones por Nematodos/patología
16.
J Comp Pathol ; 153(1): 58-63, 2015 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25979681

RESUMEN

A uterine prolapse associated with a leiomyoma (fibroid) was observed in a live-stranded Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis). A 7 cm segment of the reproductive tract including the cervix, uterine neck and caudal uterine body had intussuscepted and prolapsed into the cranial vaginal vault. In the leading edge of the intussuscepted/prolapsed uterine wall was a 6 × 3 × 3.5 cm leiomyoma expanding the myometrium. The leiomyoma and prolapse were associated with necrotizing exposure endometritis. This is the first report of a uterine prolapse associated with a leiomyoma in a cetacean. This lesion was believed to be the underlying cause of the live stranding.


Asunto(s)
Leiomioma/veterinaria , Stenella , Neoplasias Uterinas/veterinaria , Prolapso Uterino/veterinaria , Animales , Femenino
17.
J Comp Pathol ; 152(2-3): 278-82, 2015.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25728810

RESUMEN

This report describes the gross, microscopical and immunohistochemical features of a high-grade astrocytoma (glioblastoma multiforme) in an adult male Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis). On necropsy examination, a 5 × 2.5 × 2 cm, poorly demarcated, red, friable and locally expansile mass effaced the thalamus and the left periventricular region and extended to the left lateral ventricle of the brain. Microscopically, the mass consisted of haphazardly arranged bundles and rows of interweaving polygonal to spindle-shaped cells. These often palisaded along serpentine foci of necrosis and were surrounded by prominent vessels. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells expressed glial fibrillary acidic protein, but not vimentin, S100 protein, neuron-specific enolase or neurofilament protein. A diagnosis of high-grade astrocytoma was made and this represents the first description of a glioma in a cetacean species.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Encefálicas/veterinaria , Glioblastoma/veterinaria , Stenella , Animales , Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patología , Glioblastoma/patología , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Clasificación del Tumor
18.
Dis Aquat Organ ; 101(3): 257-60, 2012 Nov 19.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23324422

RESUMEN

A diagnosis of mixed testicular neoplasia in a short beaked common dolphin Delphinus delphis involving a Sertoli cell tumor, an interstitial (Leydig) cell tumor and a seminoma is presented. Lymphatic spread of the Sertoli cell tumor to an adjacent retroperitoneal lymph node was observed. Testicular neoplasms have been infrequently reported in marine mammals. Demonstration of clinical signs and further health implications is extremely challenging when dealing with non accessible wildlife species, such as dolphins. However, metastatic potential for these neoplastic conditions should be considered.


Asunto(s)
Delfín Común , Tumor de Células de Leydig/veterinaria , Seminoma/veterinaria , Tumor de Células de Sertoli/veterinaria , Animales , Tumor de Células de Leydig/patología , Masculino , Seminoma/patología , Tumor de Células de Sertoli/patología
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