Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 5 de 5
Filtrar
1.
Diabetologia ; 62(6): 959-969, 2019 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30963187

RESUMEN

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The phytoestrogen enterolactone is a gut microbiota-derived metabolite of plant lignans with suggested beneficial properties for health. In the current study, we investigated the association between pre-diagnostic plasma enterolactone concentrations and mortality among individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: In a population of people diagnosed with diabetes, nested within the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort, we conducted a case-cohort study including a random sample of n = 450 cases (deceased) and a randomly selected subcohort of n = 850 (in total n = 617 deaths). Information on diagnosis, vital status and cause of death was obtained from Danish registers. Cox proportional hazard models with special weighting were applied to assess all-cause and cause-specific mortality. RESULTS: The median enterolactone concentration of the current population was low, 10.9 nmol/l (5th percentile to 95th percentile: 1.3-59.6), compared with previously reported concentrations from the Diet, Cancer and Health cohort. Pre-diagnostic enterolactone concentrations were associated with lower all-cause mortality when assessed linearly per doubling in concentration (log2) (HR 0.91 [95% CI 0.85, 0.96]) and according to quartiles (HR 0.63 [95% CI 0.48, 0.84]) for the highest quartile of enterolactone compared with the lowest quartile. For cause-specific mortality, only death from diabetes (registered as underlying cause of death) reached statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Based on this large cohort of people with diabetes with detailed and complete baseline and follow-up information, pre-diagnostic enterolactone concentrations were inversely associated with mortality. To our knowledge, this is the first study on enterolactone and type 2 diabetes mortality. Our findings call for further exploration of enterolactone in type 2 diabetes management.


Asunto(s)
4-Butirolactona/análogos & derivados , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangre , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/metabolismo , Lignanos/sangre , Lignanos/metabolismo , Neoplasias/metabolismo , 4-Butirolactona/sangre , 4-Butirolactona/metabolismo , Anciano , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Estudios de Cohortes , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/mortalidad , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias/sangre , Neoplasias/mortalidad , Neoplasias/patología , Pronóstico , Distribución Aleatoria
2.
Int J Cancer ; 142(3): 449-459, 2018 02 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28688112

RESUMEN

Fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake is considered as probably protective against overall cancer risk, but results in previous studies are not consistent for thyroid cancer (TC). The purpose of this study is to examine the association between the consumption of fruits, vegetables, fruit juices and differentiated thyroid cancer risk within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. The EPIC study is a cohort including over half a million participants, recruited between 1991 and 2000. During a mean follow-up of 14 years, 748 incident first primary differentiated TC cases were identified. F&V and fruit juice intakes were assessed through validated country-specific dietary questionnaires. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox regression models adjusted for potential confounding factors. Comparing the highest versus lowest quartile of intake, differentiated TC risk was not associated with intakes of total F&V (HR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.68-1.15; p-trend = 0.44), vegetables (HR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.69-1.14; p-trend = 0.56), or fruit (HR: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.79-1.26; p-trend = 0.64). No significant association was observed with any individual type of vegetable or fruit. However, there was a positive borderline trend with fruit juice intake (HR: 1.23; 95% CI: 0.98-1.53; p-trend = 0.06). This study did not find any significant association between F&V intakes and differentiated TC risk; however a positive trend with fruit juice intake was observed, possibly related to its high sugar content.


Asunto(s)
Dieta Saludable/estadística & datos numéricos , Dieta/estadística & datos numéricos , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/epidemiología , Adulto , Anciano , Estudios de Cohortes , Europa (Continente)/epidemiología , Femenino , Frutas , Jugos de Frutas y Vegetales , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Verduras
3.
Eur Heart J ; 39(5): 397-406, 2018 02 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29020414

RESUMEN

Aims: The hypothesis of 'metabolically healthy obesity' implies that, in the absence of metabolic dysfunction, individuals with excess adiposity are not at greater cardiovascular risk. We tested this hypothesis in a large pan-European prospective study. Methods and results: We conducted a case-cohort analysis in the 520 000-person European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study ('EPIC-CVD'). During a median follow-up of 12.2 years, we recorded 7637 incident coronary heart disease (CHD) cases. Using cut-offs recommended by guidelines, we defined obesity and overweight using body mass index (BMI), and metabolic dysfunction ('unhealthy') as ≥ 3 of elevated blood pressure, hypertriglyceridaemia, low HDL-cholesterol, hyperglycaemia, and elevated waist circumference. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) within each country using Prentice-weighted Cox proportional hazard regressions, accounting for age, sex, centre, education, smoking, diet, and physical activity. Compared with metabolically healthy normal weight people (reference), HRs were 2.15 (95% CI: 1.79; 2.57) for unhealthy normal weight, 2.33 (1.97; 2.76) for unhealthy overweight, and 2.54 (2.21; 2.92) for unhealthy obese people. Compared with the reference group, HRs were 1.26 (1.14; 1.40) and 1.28 (1.03; 1.58) for metabolically healthy overweight and obese people, respectively. These results were robust to various sensitivity analyses. Conclusion: Irrespective of BMI, metabolically unhealthy individuals had higher CHD risk than their healthy counterparts. Conversely, irrespective of metabolic health, overweight and obese people had higher CHD risk than lean people. These findings challenge the concept of 'metabolically healthy obesity', encouraging population-wide strategies to tackle obesity.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedad Coronaria , Obesidad , Índice de Masa Corporal , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Enfermedad Coronaria/complicaciones , Enfermedad Coronaria/epidemiología , Enfermedad Coronaria/fisiopatología , Europa (Continente)/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólico , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/complicaciones , Obesidad/epidemiología , Obesidad/fisiopatología
4.
J Nutr ; 147(7): 1366-1373, 2017 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28592517

RESUMEN

Background: Differentiated thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine cancer. Fish can be an important source of iodine and other micronutrients and contaminants that may affect the thyroid gland and TC risk.Objective: We prospectively evaluated the relations between the consumption of total fish and different fish types and shellfish and TC risk in the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) study.Methods: EPIC is a cohort of >500,000 men and women, mostly aged 35-70 y, who were recruited in 10 European countries. After a mean follow-up of 14 y, 748 primary differentiated TC cases were diagnosed; 666 were in women and 601 were papillary TC. Data on intakes of lean fish, fatty fish, fish products, and shellfish were collected by using country-specific validated dietary questionnaires at recruitment. Multivariable Cox regression was used to calculate HRs and 95% CIs adjusted for many potential confounders, including dietary and nondietary factors.Results: No significant association was observed between total fish consumption and differentiated TC risk for the highest compared with the lowest quartile (HR: 1.03; 95% CI: 0.81, 1.32; P-trend = 0.67). Likewise, no significant association was observed with the intake of any specific type of fish, fish product, or shellfish. No significant heterogeneity was found by TC subtype (papillary or follicular tumors), by sex, or between countries with low and high TC incidence.Conclusion: This large study shows that the intake of fish and shellfish was not associated with differentiated TC risk in Europe, a region in which iodine deficiency or excess is rare.


Asunto(s)
Dieta , Peces , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/etiología , Adulto , Anciano , Animales , Estudios de Cohortes , Europa (Continente)/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/epidemiología
5.
Mol Nutr Food Res ; 60(12): 2712-2721, 2016 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27500753

RESUMEN

SCOPE: High enterolactone levels may have health benefits in relation to risk of noncommunicable diseases. Enterolactone is produced by the colonic microbiota after intake of lignans and treatment with antimicrobials may result in altered enterolactone production. This study investigates the association between antibiotic use and enterolactone concentration. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using LC-MS/MS, enterolactone concentrations were quantified in plasma samples from 2237 participants from the Diet, Cancer and Health cohort. The participants were healthy at enrollment, but were later diagnosed with cancer. At enrollment, participants had blood drawn and completed a food frequency questionnaire and lifestyle questionnaire. Antibiotic use was assessed as reimbursed antibiotic prescriptions up to 12 months before enrollment. Antibiotic use ≤3 months before enrollment was associated with a 41% (Δcrude : -41; 95% CI: -52, -28) lower enterolactone concentration in women and 12% in men (Δcrude : -12; 95% CI: -31, 11), while antibiotic use >3-12 months before enrollment was associated with 26% lower enterolactone in women (Δcrude : -26; 95% CI: -37, -14) and 14% in men (Δcrude : -14; 95% CI: -28, 1). CONCLUSION: Use of antibiotics up to 12 months before enrollment was associated with lower plasma enterolactone levels, especially among women.


Asunto(s)
4-Butirolactona/análogos & derivados , Antibacterianos/administración & dosificación , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Lignanos/sangre , 4-Butirolactona/sangre , Antibacterianos/efectos adversos , Índice de Masa Corporal , Estudios de Cohortes , Ejercicio Físico , Femenino , Humanos , Estilo de Vida , Lignanos/administración & dosificación , Modelos Lineales , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias/sangre , Neoplasias/diagnóstico , Evaluación Nutricional , Factores de Riesgo , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem , Factores de Tiempo
SELECCIÓN DE REFERENCIAS
DETALLE DE LA BÚSQUEDA