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1.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus ; 58(5): 282-286, 2021.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34180285

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To assess the etiology and distribution of pediatric ocular motor nerve palsy manifesting as paralytic strabismus. METHODS: The authors retrospectively examined the medical files of patients younger than 18 years who were suspected to have strabismus between January 1999 and June 2012 in three Turkish clinics and followed up for at least 6 months. Patients with paralytic strabismus were stratified according to age, sex, affected cranial nerve, and etiology (congenital, traumatic, neoplastic, post-viral, vascular, undetermined, or other), and compared the proportions between groups. RESULTS: Paralytic strabismus was observed in 33 of 1,263 patients (2.6%), with a mean age of 5.9 ± 4.4 years (range: 6 months to 16 years). Seventeen patients (51.5%) were boys and 16 (48.5%) were girls. Twelve patients (36.4%) had congenital paralytic strabismus, and 21 patients (63.6%) had acquired strabismus. The most prevalent cause of acquired paralytic strabismus was trauma in 11 patients (52.4%), undetermined in 6 patients (28.6%), post-viral cranial nerve paralysis in 3 patients (14.3%), and a history of hydrocephalus in 1 patient (9.1%). The fourth cranial nerve was the most frequently affected (45.5% [15 of 33]), followed by the sixth (39.4% [13 of 33]) and the third (15.2% [5 of 33]). CONCLUSIONS: Evaluating the incidence and etiology of paralytic strabismus in children in a clinical setting may improve disease management and reduce unnecessary invasive examinations. This study will assist clinicians in understanding the clinic-based distribution of pediatric paralytic strabismus. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2021;58(5):282-286.].


Asunto(s)
Estrabismo , Niño , Preescolar , Ojo , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , Lactante , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Estrabismo/epidemiología , Estrabismo/etiología , Atención Terciaria de Salud
2.
Eye (Lond) ; 33(5): 772-776, 2019 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30560917

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To investigate the YKL-40, as a marker of inflammation, in aqueous humor and serum of cataract patients with and without pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX). METHODS: Aqueous humor and serum samples were obtained from 44 patients who underwent phacoemulsification surgery. All patients were divided into two groups: PEX (n = 24) and control (n = 20). YKL-40 levels were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The differences between the groups were assessed by using Chi-square and independent sample t-tests. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the correlation between variables. RESULTS: There was a significant difference between the mean YKL-40 levels in the aqueous humor of PEX group (112.0 ± 35.8 ng/mL) and control subjects (88.2 ± 30.6 ng/mL) (P = 0.025). However, the difference between the mean YKL-40 levels in the serum of PEX group (53.5 ± 29.1 ng/mL) and control subjects (44.6 ± 30.2 ng/mL) was non-significant (P = 0.326). The correlation between aqueous humor and serum YKL-40 concentrations was significant in both the groups (r = 0.833, P < 0.001; r = 0.840, P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Increased aqueous humor levels of YKL-40 demonstrate that it is local, but not a systemic marker for inflammation in patients with PEX.


Asunto(s)
Humor Acuoso/metabolismo , Biomarcadores/sangre , Proteína 1 Similar a Quitinasa-3/sangre , Síndrome de Exfoliación/sangre , Sustancias de Crecimiento/sangre , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Catarata/sangre , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Femenino , Humanos , Inflamación/sangre , Masculino , Facoemulsificación , Estudios Prospectivos
5.
Curr Eye Res ; 38(6): 621-5, 2013 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23249394

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To evaluate the tear osmolarity and ocular surface changes in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-eight patients with recently diagnosed PCOS and thirty-three control volunteers were enrolled in this prospective, observational study. Ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score was calculated. Tear osmolarity was measured using the TearLab Osmolarity System (Tearlab, San Diego, CA, USA). All subjects also underwent the following ophthalmologic evaluation: Schirmer I test, tear-film breakup time (TBUT), ocular surface flourescein staining, and conjunctival impression cytology. RESULTS: Mean OSDI score was significantly higher in patients with PCOS than control subjects (P = 0.001). Tear osmolarity was similar in both groups (P = 0.404). There were no significant differences between groups in Schirmer I test results, TBUT, and ocular surface flourescein staining scores (P > 0.05). Compared to control group, a statistically significant squamous metaplasia was observed in temporal bulbar conjunctival impression cytology specimens in PCOS group (P = 0.032). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with recently diagnosed PCOS, tear volume and osmolarity are not affected but, conjunctival morphology may be affected, though on a limited scale.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de la Conjuntiva/complicaciones , Enfermedades de la Córnea/complicaciones , Síndromes de Ojo Seco/complicaciones , Síndrome del Ovario Poliquístico/complicaciones , Lágrimas/química , Adulto , Enfermedades de la Conjuntiva/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de la Córnea/diagnóstico , Síndromes de Ojo Seco/diagnóstico , Femenino , Humanos , Hiperandrogenismo/complicaciones , Concentración Osmolar , Estudios Prospectivos , Adulto Joven
6.
J Cataract Refract Surg ; 38(11): 1918-24, 2012 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22980723

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To compare clinical results of biaxial small-incision torsional phacoemulsification and biaxial small-incision longitudinal phacoemulsification. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey. DESIGN: Randomized controlled clinical trial. METHODS: Eyes with high-density nuclear cataract were assigned to have biaxial longitudinal (microburst mode) or biaxial torsional phacoemulsification. The main outcomes included corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), central corneal thickness (CCT), central endothelial cell density (ECD), total ultrasound time (UST), cumulative dissipated energy (CDE), percentage total equivalent power in position 3, and balanced salt solution volume. Postoperative follow-up was at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 and 3 months. RESULTS: Each group comprised 35 patients (35 eyes). Three months postoperatively, the mean CDVA for each group was 0.02 logMAR and the mean CCT returned to the preoperative level (P=.589 and P=.554, respectively). During the postoperative follow-up, the percentage of mean endothelial cell loss in both groups was between 35.4% and 39.1%; there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (P>.05). The mean CDE, UST, percentage total equivalent power in position 3, and balanced salt solution volume values were similar in the 2 groups (P>.05). CONCLUSION: The risk for high endothelial cell loss should be considered when the phacoemulsification of high-density nuclear cataracts is performed using either method. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.


Asunto(s)
Pérdida de Celulas Endoteliales de la Córnea/etiología , Facoemulsificación/efectos adversos , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Catarata/clasificación , Catarata/patología , Recuento de Células , Pérdida de Celulas Endoteliales de la Córnea/diagnóstico , Endotelio Corneal/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Complicaciones Intraoperatorias , Implantación de Lentes Intraoculares , Masculino , Microcirugia/métodos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Facoemulsificación/métodos , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Estudios Prospectivos , Factores de Tiempo , Agudeza Visual/fisiología
7.
J Refract Surg ; 28(8): 557-61, 2012 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22869234

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To compare the keratometric values measured by the automated keratometer, two Placido-based computerized topography systems (Dicon CT 200 [Vismed Inc] and Allegro Topolyzer [WaveLight Inc]), and Scheimpflug analysis (Pentacam [Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH]). METHODS: The keratometric data of 200 eyes from 200 patients evaluated for refractive surgery were reviewed retrospectively. Mean simulated keratometry (Sim K) and mean corneal astigmatism measured by the four devices were compared using repeated measures analysis of variance with Bonferroni correction. The analysis of agreement between two measurements was assessed using the method of Bland and Altman. RESULTS: Mean Sim K as measured by the automated keratometer, Dicon CT 200, Allegro Topolyzer, and Pentacam was 43.39±1.50 diopters (D), 43.55±1.50 D, 43.45±1.50 D, and 43.43±1.45 D, respectively. The Dicon CT 200 measured the mean Sim K to be steeper and the automated keratometer measured the mean Sim K to be flatter than the other devices. Significant differences in corneal astigmatism were noted among the four devices except Dicon CT 200 versus Allegro Topolyzer and Allegro Topolyzer versus Pentacam comparisons (P<.013). For mean Sim K, the 95% limits of agreement between the Pentacam and other three devices were significantly wider than the other comparisons. In Bland-Altman plots comparing the Pentacam to the other devices, extreme outliers were present in 11 (5.5%) eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Because of the wide distribution range and presence of extreme outliers, Pentacam data should be used cautiously in IOL power calculation and astigmatic keratotomy procedures.


Asunto(s)
Córnea/fisiopatología , Topografía de la Córnea/instrumentación , Refracción Ocular/fisiología , Adulto , Astigmatismo/fisiopatología , Astigmatismo/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Hiperopía/fisiopatología , Hiperopía/cirugía , Queratomileusis por Láser In Situ , Láseres de Excímeros/uso terapéutico , Lentes Intraoculares , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Miopía/fisiopatología , Miopía/cirugía , Óptica y Fotónica , Estudios Retrospectivos , Adulto Joven
8.
Orbit ; 30(5): 255-7, 2011 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21957959

RESUMEN

A 75-year-old woman presented with a nodular lesion on a skin graft in her left upper eyelid. The lesion had grown gradually over the previous 2 years. She had undergone multiple surgeries and full-thickness skin graft procedures 61 years previously, because of cutaneous leishmaniasis. The diagnosis of nodular basal cell carcinoma was made by means of an excisional biopsy of the lesion. During a follow-up period of 27 months, the tumor did not recur. Malignant tumors may rarely develop at the site of traumatic or surgical scar. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of basal cell carcinoma arising in a skin graft in the eyelid.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma Basocelular/etiología , Carcinoma Basocelular/cirugía , Neoplasias de los Párpados/etiología , Neoplasias de los Párpados/cirugía , Leishmaniasis Cutánea/cirugía , Trasplante de Piel/efectos adversos , Anciano , Biopsia con Aguja , Carcinoma Basocelular/patología , Enfermedades de los Párpados/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de los Párpados/cirugía , Neoplasias de los Párpados/patología , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Leishmaniasis Cutánea/diagnóstico , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Enfermedades Raras , Reoperación/métodos , Trasplante de Piel/métodos , Resultado del Tratamiento
9.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus ; 48(2): 77-83, 2011.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21425762

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: This is a retrospective study to determine the outcomes of the surgical correction in long-standing infantile esotropia with cross fixation. METHODS: Medical charts of a group of patients with esotropia who had cross fixation and underwent surgery for strabismus between January 1991 and December 2004 were reviewed. The mean follow-up time was 4.7 years. Binocularity was measured by the Worth 4-dot test and Titmus stereo test. Twenty-six patients underwent surgery for strabismus. Twenty-one patients aged 8 to 26 years with a minimum 3-year postoperative follow-up were included. Five patients were excluded because they were lost to follow-up after surgery. RESULTS: Bimedial recession and resection of one lateral rectus muscle were performed in all patients. Recession of the inferior oblique muscle with anteriorization was performed in patients who had inferior oblique overaction. Orthotropia was attained in 14 patients, whereas residual esotropia was diagnosed in 5 patients. Two patients were diagnosed as having exotropia. Two patients required a second surgery for dissociated vertical deviation. Overall, 9 of the 21 patients had indications of binocular function and 12 remained the same in their stereoacuity. CONCLUSION: Surgical correction of long-standing infantile esotropia with cross fixation in young adults may improve binocular function and allow long-term alignment stability.


Asunto(s)
Esotropía/cirugía , Músculos Oculomotores/cirugía , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Oftalmológicos , Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Esotropía/fisiopatología , Femenino , Fijación Ocular/fisiología , Humanos , Masculino , Músculos Oculomotores/fisiopatología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Visión Binocular/fisiología , Agudeza Visual/fisiología , Adulto Joven
10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20871461

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To describe 5 pediatric patients with traumatic orbital subperiosteal hematoma and review the relevant literature. METHODS: Retrospective chart analysis of 5 children with posttraumatic subperiosteal hematoma and a systematic review of the English language literature. RESULTS: Five new pediatric cases of orbital subperiosteal hematoma are presented with varying clinical and radiologic manifestations and treatments. Literature review (including the current 5 cases) yielded 23 cases in total. Eighteen (78%) of the patients were boys, and 5 (22%) were girls. The children ranged in age from 5 to 17 years, with the mean and median ages being 12 years. The leading cause was blunt trauma related to falls or direct impact. Two patients (9%) had an inherited coagulopathy, predisposing them to orbital hemorrhage. The hematomas developed in the superior orbit in all cases except one. In 3 patients (13%), orbital hematomas were bilateral. In 9 patients (39%), the hematomas extended in subgaleal or frontal subdural spaces. In 7 patients (30%), subperiosteal hematoma was associated with compressive optic neuropathy. Four patients (17%) had a nondisplaced orbital roof fracture. Seventeen patients were treated with surgical evacuation of hematoma (52%) or with needle aspiration (22%), and 5 patients (22%) were observed for spontaneous resolution. Three patients (13%) experienced a recurrence of hemorrhage. CONCLUSIONS: In children, traumatic subperiosteal hematomas of the orbit typically occur after blunt trauma in the superior orbit. The risk of compressive optic neuropathy may be higher in patients with bilateral hematoma and massive subgaleal hematoma. Most patients are treated with evacuation of the hematoma.


Asunto(s)
Lesiones Oculares/complicaciones , Hematoma/etiología , Órbita/lesiones , Periostio , Hemorragia Retrobulbar/etiología , Heridas no Penetrantes/complicaciones , Adolescente , Niño , Femenino , Hematoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Hematoma/cirugía , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Hemorragia Retrobulbar/diagnóstico por imagen , Hemorragia Retrobulbar/cirugía , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Agudeza Visual
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