La investigación etnográfica en la Escuela Nacional de Enfermería y Obstetricia / Ethnographic research at the National School of Nursing and Obstetrics

En este documento se presenta el panorama de la Introducción de la metodología de las ciencias sociales como es la antropología y la Investigación de tipo etnográfico, a la formación de recursos de enfermería en la Escuela Nacional de Enfermería y Obstetricia (ENEO), situación que se ha visto favorecida por la aparición de nuevas demandas hacia las profesiones de la salud por parte de la sociedad, que han exigido el redimensionamiento del campo de actividad y del sistema de conocimientos, habilidades y valores profesionales, como condición del desempeño exitoso, bajo las nuevas condiciones del mundo globalizado y las necesidades de atención a poblaciones culturalmente diversas, cuestión que en nuestro país es pan de todos los días.

This paper presents an overview of the introduction of the methodology of social sciences, as anthropology and ethnographic research, to the training of nursing resources at the National School of Nursing and Obstetrics (Acronym in Spanish: ENEO). A situation like that, has been fueled by the emergence of new demands on the health professions by the society, who have required the downsizing of the field of business and system knowledge, skills and professional values, as a condition of successful performance under new conditions in the globalized world, and the new care needs of the population culturally diverse, a question that in our country is daily bread.

The production of MLR-blocking factors after lymphocyte immunotherapy for RSA does not predict the outcome of pregnancy.

PROBLEM: The questions of whether production of mixed lymphocyte reaction-blocking factors (MLR-BFs) after immunotherapy with lymphocytes for recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) has prognostic value and whether cytotoxic antibodies are also involved were tested. METHOD OF STUDY: A prospective study with 33 patients who had a history of two or more abortions, lacking MLR-BFs, was carried out. The patients received immunizations with lymphocytes and 6 weeks or later were tested for seroconversion of MLR-BFs. Seventeen of these thirty-three patients were evaluated for antipaternal cytotoxic antibodies. The results were correlated with the outcome of the next pregnancy after treatment. RESULTS: Eighty percent of the 33 patients had a live child. Of those patients having success, only 50% produced MLR-BFs. Of those patients having a new loss, five did and two did not produce MLR-BF (P > 0.05). Regarding the 17 patients tested for cytotoxic antibodies, 4 of the 5 patients who tested positive had a new abortion, whereas only 1 of 12 whose tests remained negative did not have gestational success (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The presence of MLR-BFs is not a prognostic criterium for the outcome of pregnancy after alloimmunotherapy, and, consequently, it is not a good diagnostic tool for RSA of alloimmune cause.

Rotated intestinal anastomoses.

Using a technique of end-to-end intestinal anastomosis, based upon a 90 degree axial rotation, the conjunction of both mesenteric edges without peritoneal serosa is avoided; theoretically, this would be the weakest area of such an anastomosis. This theory was experimentally tested in the colon of rabbits and the technique compared with the usual, so-called exact facing technique, justifying its clinical use in the hope of improving the results of gastrointestinal operations.