Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 49
Filtrar
1.
Biomark Med ; 18(15-16): 649-658, 2024 Aug 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39263780

RESUMEN

Aim: To evaluate the urinary biomarkers related to sepsis in preterm newborns (NBs) and to investigate the predictive capacity of these biomarkers for a longer hospital stay.Methods: Serum and urine were collected from 27 healthy NBs, 24 NBs with neonatal infection without sepsis and 11 NBs with sepsis for the measurement of sindecan-1, lipocalin associated with urinary neutrophil gelatinase (uNGAL), urinary cystatin-C (uCysC) and urinary kidney injury molecule-1.Results: Levels of uNGAL and urinary cystatin-C were elevated in NBs with sepsis and neonatal infection, and uNGAL was significant predictor of hospital stay longer than 30 days (odds ratio: 1.052; 95% CI: 1.012-1.093; p = 0.01).Conclusion: uNGAL was associated with sepsis in preterm NBs and was useful to predict extended hospital stay.


[Box: see text].


Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores , Cistatina C , Recien Nacido Prematuro , Tiempo de Internación , Lipocalina 2 , Sepsis , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Cistatina C/sangre , Cistatina C/orina , Lipocalina 2/orina , Lipocalina 2/sangre , Biomarcadores/orina , Biomarcadores/sangre , Sepsis/orina , Sepsis/diagnóstico , Sepsis/sangre , Masculino , Femenino , Recien Nacido Prematuro/orina , Proteínas de Fase Aguda/orina , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas/orina , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas/sangre
2.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38553310

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the performance of a convolutional neural network (CNN) model in detecting the pubertal growth spurt by analyzing cervical vertebrae maturation (CVM) in lateral cephalometric radiographs (LCRs). STUDY DESIGN: In total, 600 LCRs of patients from 6 to 17 years old were selected. Three radiologists independently and blindly classified the maturation stages of the LCRs and defined the difficulty of each classification. Subsequently, the stage and level of difficulty were determined by consensus. LCRs were distributed between training, validation, and test datasets across 4 CNN-based models. The models' responses were compared with the radiologists' reference standard, and the architecture with the highest success rate was selected for evaluation. Models were developed using full and cropped LCRs with original and simplified maturation classifications. RESULTS: In the simplified classification, the Inception-v3 CNN yielded an accuracy of 74% and 75%, with recall and precision values of 61% and 62%, for full and cropped LCRs, respectively. It achieved 61% and 62% total success rates with full and cropped LCRs, respectively, reaching 72.7% for easy-to-classify cropped cases. CONCLUSION: Overall, the CNN model demonstrated potential for determining the maturation status regarding the pubertal growth spurt through images of the cervical vertebrae. It may be useful as an initial assessment tool or as an aid for optimizing the assessment and treatment decisions of the clinician.


Asunto(s)
Cefalometría , Vértebras Cervicales , Pubertad , Humanos , Vértebras Cervicales/diagnóstico por imagen , Vértebras Cervicales/crecimiento & desarrollo , Adolescente , Niño , Masculino , Femenino , Pubertad/fisiología , Inteligencia Artificial , Determinación de la Edad por el Esqueleto/métodos , Redes Neurales de la Computación
3.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38530071

RESUMEN

This review analyzes the occurrence and co-exposure of aflatoxins and fumonisins in conventional and organic corn, and compares the vulnerability to contamination of both. The risks of fungal contamination in corn are real, mainly by the genera Aspergillus and Fusarium, producers of aflatoxins and fumonisins, respectively. Aflatoxins, especially AFB1, are related to a high incidence of liver cancer, and the International Agency Research of Cancer (IARC) classified them in group 1A 'carcinogenic to humans'. The occurrence in conventional corn is reported in many countries, including at higher levels than those established by legislation. IARC classified fumonisins in group 2B 'possibly carcinogenic to humans' due to their link with incidence of esophageal cancer. However, comparing corn and organic and conventional by-products from different regions, different results are observed. The co-occurrence of both mycotoxins is a worldwide problem; nevertheless, there is little data on the comparison of the co-exposure of these mycotoxins in corn and derivatives between both systems. It was found that the agricultural system is not a decisive factor in the final contamination, indicating the necessity of effective strategies to reduce contamination and co-exposure at levels that do not pose health risks.


Asunto(s)
Aflatoxinas , Contaminación de Alimentos , Fumonisinas , Zea mays , Zea mays/química , Fumonisinas/análisis , Aflatoxinas/análisis , Contaminación de Alimentos/análisis , Humanos , Aspergillus , Fusarium
4.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel) ; 17(2)2024 Feb 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38399430

RESUMEN

The remission of obesity-related diseases following bariatric surgery appears to result from the reorganization of metabolic and hormonal pathways involving adipokines. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between changes in body adiposity and serum adipokine levels, as well as the association between variations in adiponectin or resistin levels and cardiometabolic risk blood biomarkers before and after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. A longitudinal and prospective study was conducted with bariatric surgery patients. Anthropometric, body composition and blood biochemical parameters were measured before and at 2 and 6 months post-surgery. The data were analyzed using ANOVA, Pearson or Spearman correlation, and simple linear regression with a significance level of p < 0.05. Among 36 mostly female patients aged 30 to 39 years, significant reductions in body weight (-26.8%), fat mass (-50%), waist circumference (-18%) and waist-to-height ratio (-22%) were observed post-surgery. Serum adiponectin levels increased (+107%), while resistin (-12.2%), TNF-α (-35%), and PAI-1 (-11.1%) decreased. Glucose, insulin, CRP, cholesterol, LDL-c, triglycerides, and vitamin D also decreased. Waist circumference variation showed a positive correlation with PAI-1 and TNF-α and a negative correlation with adiponectin. The total fat mass showed a positive correlation with PAI-1. Adiponectin variation correlated negatively with glucose, resistin, and CRP but positively with HDL-c. Resistin showed a positive correlation with insulin and CRP. In conclusion, 6 months post-bariatric surgery, reducing abdominal adiposity had a more significant impact on serum adipokine levels than total fat mass. Adiponectin increase and resistin decrease acted as endocrine mediators driving the remission of cardiometabolic risk biomarkers in individuals with obesity following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

5.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37940483

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the influence of an adjacent zirconium implant, tube current (mA), and a metal artifact reduction algorithm (MARA) on horizontal root fracture (HRF) diagnosis in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). STUDY DESIGN: Nineteen teeth (9 with HRF, 10 without) were individually placed in a human maxilla. Scan volumes were acquired without and with a zirconium implant adjacent to the tooth at settings of 4, 8, and 10 mA, with MARA disabled and enabled, using a 5×5 cm field of view, 0.085-mm voxel size, and 90 kV. Four maxillofacial radiologists individually assessed the scans. Diagnostic metrics were compared by multiway analysis of variance (α=5%). Inter- and intraexaminer agreements for HRF diagnosis were evaluated with the weighted kappa test. RESULTS: Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity were significantly lower in the presence of the implant (P≤.005). AUC values were higher in scans obtained with 8 and 10 mA compared with 4 mA (P=0.010), but 10 mA without MARA was better with the implant present. MARA did not significantly influence outcomes (P≥0.240). Inter- and intraexaminer agreements ranged from moderate to almost perfect. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of the zirconium implant impairs HRF detection. Settings of 8 or 10 mA improve HRF detection regardless MARA condition without the implant. With an adjacent implant, 10 mA without MARA is recommended to improve diagnostic performance.


Asunto(s)
Fracturas de los Dientes , Raíz del Diente , Humanos , Raíz del Diente/diagnóstico por imagen , Circonio , Fracturas de los Dientes/diagnóstico por imagen , Artefactos , Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Cónico/métodos , Algoritmos
6.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37838553

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated artifact expression in a root adjacent to a dental implant located in the endomass or exomass in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). STUDY DESIGN: We placed a single titanium or zirconia implant adjacent to a premolar root in a dried human mandible and acquired CBCT scans using an OP300 Maxio and a Picasso Trio 3D unit exposing a 5x5cm field of view with the implant in the endomass or exomass (implant groups) or without an implant (control group). We measured the mean gray values (MGVs) for 8 lines of interest (LOIs) around the root canal of the premolar and compared the MGVs by analysis of variance, with significance established at P < 0.05. RESULTS: For the OP300 Maxio scans, the MGVs of both implant groups in the endomass were lower than the MGVs of the control group. In the exomass, the titanium group had MGVs similar to the control group, but the zirconia group produced significantly lower MGVs than control and titanium groups (P <.0001), indicating the presence of hypodense artifacts. For the Picasso Trio 3D scans, the MGVs of both implant groups in the endomass were similar to the MGVs of the control group. In the exomass, the zirconia group generated lower MGVs than control and titanium groups (P <.0001), indicating hypodense artifacts. CONCLUSIONS: When performing CBCT examination, titanium implants produce less artifact expression in the exomass, and zirconia implants have less artifact expression in the endomass.


Asunto(s)
Implantes Dentales , Titanio , Humanos , Artefactos , Circonio , Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Cónico/métodos
7.
Oxid Med Cell Longev ; 2023: 8811463, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37577725

RESUMEN

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic and recurrent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterized by continuous inflammation in the colonic mucosa. Extraintestinal manifestations (EIM) occur due to the disruption of the intestinal barrier and increased permeability caused by redox imbalance, dysbiosis, and inflammation originating from the intestine and contribute to morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of oral N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on colonic, hepatic, and renal tissues in mice with colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Male Swiss mice received NAC (150 mg/kg/day) in the drinking water for 30 days before and during (DSS 5% v/v; for 7 days) colitis induction. On the 38th day, colon, liver, and kidney were collected and adequately prepared for the analysis of oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reduced (GSH), glutathione oxidized (GSSG), malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)) and inflammatory biomarkers (myeloperoxidase (MPO) -, tumor necrosis factor alpha - (TNF-α, and interleukin-10 (IL-10)). In colon, NAC protected the histological architecture. However, NAC did not level up SOD, in contrast, it increased MDA and pro-inflammatory effect (increased of TNF-α and decreased of IL-10). In liver, colitis caused both oxidative (MDA, SOD, and GSH) and inflammatory damage (IL-10). NAC was able only to increase GSH and GSH/GSSG ratio. Kidney was not affected by colitis; however, NAC despite increasing CAT, GSH, and GSH/GSSG ratio promoted lipid peroxidation (increased MDA) and pro-inflammatory action (decreased IL-10). Despite some beneficial antioxidant effects of NAC, the negative outcomes concerning irreversible oxidative and inflammatory damage in the colon, liver, and kidney confirm the nonsafety of the prophylactic use of this antioxidant in models of induced colitis, suggesting that additional studies are needed, and its use in humans not yet recommended for the therapeutic routine of this disease.


Asunto(s)
Colitis Ulcerosa , Colitis , Humanos , Masculino , Ratones , Animales , Acetilcisteína/farmacología , Acetilcisteína/uso terapéutico , Acetilcisteína/metabolismo , Interleucina-10/metabolismo , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Peróxido de Hidrógeno/farmacología , Disulfuro de Glutatión/metabolismo , Colitis/inducido químicamente , Colitis/complicaciones , Colitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Colon , Colitis Ulcerosa/inducido químicamente , Colitis Ulcerosa/tratamiento farmacológico , Colitis Ulcerosa/patología , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Inflamación/patología , Estrés Oxidativo , Hígado/metabolismo , Glutatión/metabolismo , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismo , Sulfato de Dextran/toxicidad
8.
Braz. dent. j ; 34(4): 150-157, July-Aug. 2023. tab, graf
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BBO - Odontología | ID: biblio-1520332

RESUMEN

Abstract This study aimed to assess the influence of the file format on the image quality parameters (image noise, brightness, and uniformity) of periapical radiographs acquired with different digital systems. Radiographic images of an acrylic phantom were acquired with two digital systems - Digora Toto and Express, and exported into five different file formats - TIFF, BMP, DICOM, PNG, and JPEG. Image noise, image brightness (mean of gray values), and image uniformity (standard deviation of gray values) were evaluated in all images. A two-way analysis of variance with Tukey's test as a post-hoc test was used to compare the results, considering the file formats and radiographic systems as the studied factors. A significance level of 5% was adopted for all analyses. The DICOM image file format presented lower image noise, higher brightness (higher mean gray values), and greater image uniformity (p<0.001) than the other file formats, which did not differ from each other for both digital radiography systems (p>0.05). The Express system revealed lower image noise and greater image uniformity than the Digora Toto system regardless of the image file format (p<0.001). Moreover, the Express showed higher brightness than the Digora Toto for all image file formats (p<0.001), except for the DICOM image file format, which did not significantly differ between the digital radiography systems tested (p>0.05). The DICOM image file format showed lower image noise, higher brightness, and greater image uniformity than the other file formats (TIFF, BMP, PNG, and JPEG) in both digital radiography systems tested.


Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a influência do formato do arquivo nos parâmetros de qualidade de imagem (ruído de imagem, brilho e uniformidade) de radiografias periapicais adquiridas com diferentes sistemas digitais. As imagens radiográficas de um fantoma de acrílico foram adquiridas com dois sistemas digitais - Digora Toto e Express, e exportadas em cinco formatos de arquivo diferentes - TIFF, BMP, DICOM, PNG e JPEG. O ruído da imagem, o brilho da imagem (média dos valores de cinza) e a uniformidade da imagem (desvio padrão dos valores de cinza) foram avaliados em todas as imagens. A análise de variância (ANOVA) bidirecional com o teste post-hoc de Tukey foi aplicada para comparar os resultados, considerando os formatos de arquivo e os sistemas radiográficos como os fatores estudados. Um nível de significância de 5% foi adotado para todas as análises. O formato de arquivo de imagem DICOM apresentou menor ruído de imagem, maior brilho (maiores valores médios de cinza) e maior uniformidade de imagem (p<0,001) do que os outros formatos de arquivo, que não diferiram entre si para ambos os sistemas de radiografia digital (p>0,05). O sistema Express apresentou menor ruído de imagem e maior uniformidade de imagem que o sistema Digora Toto, independentemente do formato do arquivo de imagem (p<0,001). Além disso, o Express mostrou maior brilho do que o Digora Toto para todos os formatos de arquivo de imagem (p<0,001), exceto para o formato de arquivo de imagem DICOM, que não diferiu significativamente entre os sistemas de radiografia digital testados (p>0,05). O formato de arquivo de imagem DICOM mostrou menor ruído de imagem, maior brilho e maior uniformidade de imagem do que os outros formatos de arquivo (TIFF, BMP, PNG e JPEG) em ambos os sistemas de radiografia digital testados.

9.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37468380

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated changes in image quality and the presence and size of artifacts on radiographs obtained with photostimulable phosphor (PSP) plates after disinfection with 70% ethyl alcohol and 70% isopropyl alcohol. STUDY DESIGN: Eight PSP receptors (4 Express and 4 VistaScan) were used for the investigation. Two Express and 2 VistaScan receptors were disinfected with 70% ethyl alcohol, and 2 Express and 2 VistaScan receptors were disinfected with 70% isopropyl alcohol. Before disinfection and after every 5 disinfections, 2 radiographs of an aluminum stepwedge and 2 radiographs of an acrylic block were acquired using each receptor. The gray values of the radiographs were analyzed regarding contrast, density, uniformity, and noise. Four oral radiologists evaluated the images for the presence of artifacts, and 2 measured the artifacts. RESULTS: Differences in image contrast were significantly larger with isopropyl alcohol (P < .0001). Artifact size was significantly greater with the VistaScan system when isopropyl alcohol was used as the disinfectant (P < .0001). The correlation between the number of disinfections and artifact size was moderately positive with the Express system (P < .05) and strongly positive with the VistaScan system (P < .05) with both disinfectants. CONCLUSIONS: Small artifacts restricted to the edges of the image were observed with disinfection using both types of alcohol, and a positive correlation was found between artifact size and the number of disinfections. However, artifacts appeared earlier and of greater size with the VistaScan system when disinfected with 70% isopropyl alcohol. Thus, we recommend using 70% ethyl alcohol to disinfect PSP receptors, with attention placed on its action and evaporation times.


Asunto(s)
2-Propanol , Radiografía Dental Digital , Humanos , Radiografía Dental Digital/métodos , Desinfección/métodos , Artefactos , Intensificación de Imagen Radiográfica/métodos , Etanol
10.
RECIIS (Online) ; 17(2)abr.-jun.,2023. 387 407
Artículo en Portugués | LILACS | ID: biblio-1438495

RESUMEN

Estudo exploratório realizado entre 14/02/2021 e 06/03/2021, visando mapear e caracterizar os perfis sobre traumatismos dentários no Instagram, analisar as publicações quanto ao teor e à qualidade do conteúdo, como também examinar a interação e a prática comunicativa. Foram incluídos 25 perfis que apresentavam baixa audiência e pequena atividade, considerando-se o número de seguidores, a frequência de atualização e o número de publicações. Dezoito perfis eram brasileiros e estavam vinculados a projetos de extensão de Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES). Realizou-se a análise de 13 posts dos três perfis ativos, e verificou-se que eles estavam em conformidade com os protocolos da Associação Internacional de Traumatologia Dentária. As práticas comunicativas eram informacionais não se configurando como espaços de aprendizagem colaborativa. Redes sociais on-line constituem-se atualmente em estratégias importantes para a divulgação científica e a participação cidadã, mas os limites e os desafios do seu uso devem ser levados em conta no planejamento das ações de comunicação institucional em saúde pública


Exploratory study made from 14/02/2021 to 06/03/2021, aiming to map and characterize the profiles about dental trauma on Instagram, besides analyzing the posts according to its content and quality, interac-tions and communicative practice. Twenty-five profiles were included and presented low audience and low activity, considering the number of followers, updating frequency and number of posts. Eighteen of these profiles were Brazilian and had links with Universities Extension Projects. Thirteen posts were analyzed on the three active profiles, and it was verified that they were in conformity to the International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT). The communicative practices were international, not being configured as collaborative learning spaces. Social media are important strategies to scientific communication and citizen participation, but limits and challenges of its use must be considered on the planning of institutional public health communication


Estudio exploratorio realizado entre el 14/02/2021 y el 06/03/2021, con el objetivo de mapear y caracteri-zar perfiles sobre trauma dental en Instagram, además de analizar publicaciones sobre contenido y calidad del contenido, interaciones y la práctica comunicativa. Se incluyeron 25 perfiles que tenían baja audiencia y poca actividad, considerando el número de seguidores, frecuencia de actualización y número de publica-ciones. Dieciocho perfiles eran brasileños y estaban vinculados a proyectos de extensión de Instituciones de Educación Superior. Se realizó un análisis de 13 publicaciones de los tres perfiles activos y se verificó que cumplían con los protocolos de la Asociación Internacional de Traumatología Dental. Las prácticas comunicativas fueron informacionales, no configuradas como espacios de aprendizaje colaborativo. Las redes sociales constituyen estrategias importantes para la divulgación científica y la participación ciuda-dana, pero los límites y desafíos de su uso deben ser tomados en cuenta a la hora de planificar acciones de comunicación institucional en salud pública


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Odontología , Red Social , COVID-19 , Comunicación , Comunicación y Divulgación Científica , Comunicación en Salud
11.
Rev. Inst. Adolfo Lutz (Online) ; 82: e39330, maio 2023. tab
Artículo en Portugués | LILACS, VETINDEX, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: biblio-1524321

RESUMEN

A hiperpigmentação da pele, principalmente na região facial, resulta em um incômodo estético que afeta a qualidade de vida do indivíduo, levando a busca por produtos clareadores. Este estudo avaliou a conformidade dos rótulos de cosméticos comercializados como "produtos clareadores de pele", bem como a existência de substâncias clareadoras proibidas neste tipo de produto. Foi realizada uma análise transversal descritiva qualitativa no período de abril a maio de 2022, em busca por cosméticos comercializados em estabelecimentos farmacêuticos e lojas de produtos cosméticos localizadas no município de Juazeiro/BA. Foram selecionados 18 produtos e os desvios de rotulagem identificados com base na legislação utilizada vigente à época do estudo, foram: ausência de informações sobre advertências/restrições de uso e número de registro incompleto, equivalente a 16,7% (n = 3) das amostras. A hidroquinona, proibida nesse tipo de produto, foi encontrada em um cosmético (5,5%). Embora a maioria das amostras analisadas esteja em conformidade com as exigências legais, os resultados evidenciam descumprimentos, indicando a necessidade de uma fiscalização mais rigorosa a fim de evitar possíveis danos à saúde do usuário.


Skin hyperpigmentation, particularly in the facial region, can be an aesthetic nuisance that affects an individual's quality of life, leading them to seek out whitening products. This study evaluated the compliance of cosmetics labels marketed as "skin lightening products", and assessed the presence of whitening substances prohibited in this type of product. A qualitative, descriptive, cross-sectional analysis was conducted between April and May 2022 in Juazeiro, Bahia, Brazil, focusing on cosmetics sold in pharmaceutical establishments and cosmetic product stores. Eighteen products were selected, and labeling deviations identified based on the legislation in force at the time of the study. These included a lack of information on warnings/use restrictions and incomplete registration numbers, affecting 16.7% (n = 3) of the samples. Hydroquinone, prohibited in this type of product by the legislation, was detected in one cosmetic (5.5%). Although most of the analyzed samples comply with legal requirements, the observed non-compliance highlights the need for more stringent inspection to prevent potential harm to user's health.


Asunto(s)
Hiperpigmentación/terapia , Etiquetado de Cosméticos , Preparaciones para Aclaramiento de la Piel/análisis , Hidroquinonas/toxicidad , Brasil
12.
Rev. Inst. Adolfo Lutz (Online) ; 82: 39330, maio 2023. tab
Artículo en Portugués | LILACS, CONASS, Coleciona SUS, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-ACVSES, SESSP-IALPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IALACERVO | ID: biblio-1524978

RESUMEN

A hiperpigmentação da pele, principalmente na região facial, resulta em um incômodo estético que afeta a qualidade de vida do indivíduo, levando a busca por produtos clareadores. Este estudo avaliou a conformidade dos rótulos de cosméticos comercializados como "produtos clareadores de pele", bem como a existência de substâncias clareadoras proibidas neste tipo de produto. Foi realizada uma análise transversal descritiva qualitativa no período de abril a maio de 2022, em busca por cosméticos comercializados em estabelecimentos farmacêuticos e lojas de produtos cosméticos localizadas no município de Juazeiro/BA. Foram selecionados 18 produtos e os desvios de rotulagem identificados com base na legislação utilizada vigente à época do estudo, foram: ausência de informações sobre advertências/restrições de uso e número de registro incompleto, equivalente a 16,7% (n = 3) das amostras. A hidroquinona, proibida nesse tipo de produto, foi encontrada em um cosmético (5,5%). Embora a maioria das amostras analisadas esteja em conformidade com as exigências legais, os resultados evidenciam descumprimentos, indicando a necessidade de uma fiscalização mais rigorosa a fim de evitar possíveis danos à saúde do usuário. (AU)


Skin hyperpigmentation, particularly in the facial region, can be an aesthetic nuisance that affects an individual's quality of life, leading them to seek out whitening products. This study evaluated the compliance of cosmetics labels marketed as "skin lightening products", and assessed the presence of whitening substances prohibited in this type of product. A qualitative, descriptive, cross-sectional analysis was conducted between April and May 2022 in Juazeiro, Bahia, Brazil, focusing on cosmetics sold in pharmaceutical establishments and cosmetic product stores. Eighteen products were selected, and labeling deviations identified based on the legislation in force at the time of the study. These included a lack of information on warnings/use restrictions and incomplete registration numbers, affecting 16.7% (n = 3) of the samples. Hydroquinone, prohibited in this type of product by the legislation, was detected in one cosmetic (5.5%). Although most of the analyzed samples comply with legal requirements, the observed non-compliance highlights the need for more stringent inspection to prevent potential harm to user's health. (AU)


Asunto(s)
Brasil , Hiperpigmentación , Etiquetado de Cosméticos , Preparaciones para Aclaramiento de la Piel
13.
Int J Mol Sci ; 24(3)2023 Feb 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36769264

RESUMEN

Classically, osteopontin (OPN) has been described as a secreted glycophosprotein. Indeed, most data concerning its physiological and pathological roles are mainly related to the secreted OPN (sOPN). However, there are several instances in which intracellular OPN (iOPN) has been described, presenting some specific roles in distinct experimental models, such as in the immune system, cancer cells, and neurological disorders. We herein aimed to highlight and discuss some of these secreted and intracellular roles of OPN and their putative clinical and biological impacts. Moreover, by consolidating data from the OPN protein database, we also analyzed the occurrence of signal peptide (SP) sequences and putative subcellular localization, especially concerning currently known OPN splicing variants (OPN-SV). Comprehending the roles of OPN in its distinct cellular and tissue environments may provide data regarding the additional applications of this protein as biomarkers and targets for therapeutic purposes, besides further describing its pleiotropic roles.


Asunto(s)
Osteopontina , Empalme del ARN , Osteopontina/genética , Osteopontina/metabolismo
14.
Braz. dent. j ; 34(1): 39-44, Jan.-Feb. 2023. tab, graf
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BBO - Odontología | ID: biblio-1420574

RESUMEN

Abstract The study aimed to assess the influence of excessive use of a photostimulable phosphor plate (PSP) on the density, image noise, and contrast of radiographs. For that, radiographs of an acrylic block were acquired with a PSP of the Express intraoral system to assess the density and image noise. Initially, five images were obtained and exported (first group). After 400 exposures to X-rays and scannings of PSP, other five images were obtained and exported (second group). The same procedure was done after 800 (third group), 1200 (fourth group), 1600 (fifth group), and 2000 acquisitions (sixth group), resulting in 30 images to be evaluated. The mean and standard deviation of the gray values were calculated for the images using the ImageJ software. For contrast analysis, radiographs of an aluminum step-wedge were acquired with a new PSP following the same acquisition intervals. The percentage of contrast variation was calculated. Another two unused PSP receptors were employed to evaluate the method's reproducibility. The comparison of the results among the acquisition groups was performed with one-way Analysis of Variance (α=0.05). Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) assessed the reproducibility of the receptors. Image noise did not differ among the groups (p>0.05). There was a slight increase in density after 400 acquisitions and a slight difference in contrast for all acquisition groups without a pattern of increase or decrease (p<0.05). ICC showed excellent reliability for the methods. Therefore, excessive PSP use slightly affected the radiograph's density and contrast.


Resumo Objetivou-se avaliar a influência do uso excessivo de uma placa de fósforo fotoestimulável (PSP) na densidade, ruído e contraste das radiografias. Foram adquiridas radiografias de um bloco de acrílico com uma PSP do sistema intraoral Express para avaliar a densidade e o ruído da imagem. Inicialmente, cinco imagens foram obtidas e exportadas (primeiro grupo). Após 400 exposições aos raios X e escaneamentos, outras cinco imagens foram obtidas e exportadas (segundo grupo). O mesmo procedimento foi feito após 800 (terceiro grupo), 1200 (quarto grupo), 1600 (quinto grupo) e 2000 aquisições (sexto grupo), resultando em 30 imagens a serem avaliadas. A média e o desvio padrão dos valores de cinza foram calculados para as imagens usando o software ImageJ. Para análise de contraste, foram adquiridas radiografias de uma escala de alumínio com uma nova PSP seguindo os mesmos intervalos de aquisição. A porcentagem de variação do contraste foi calculada. Outras duas PSP sem uso prévio foram utilizadas para avaliar a reprodutibilidade dos métodos. A comparação dos resultados entre os grupos de aquisição foi realizada pela Análise de Variância one-way (α=0,05). O Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse (ICC) avaliou a reprodutibilidade dos receptores. O ruído da imagem não diferiu entre os grupos (p>0,05). Houve um leve aumento na densidade após 400 aquisições e uma pequena diferença no contraste para todos os grupos de aquisição sem padrão de aumento ou diminuição (p<0,05). O ICC mostrou excelente confiabilidade para os métodos. Portanto, o uso excessivo da PSP afetou levemente a densidade e o contraste radiográfico.

15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36566136

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the extensive use of a photostimulable phosphor (PSP) receptor on the diagnosis of proximal carious lesions. STUDY DESIGN: Forty posterior teeth were paired and mounted in 20 phantoms. Using a PSP receptor of the Express intraoral system, 1 radiograph of each phantom was acquired, totaling 20 radiographs (group 1). After 400 acquisitions, another radiograph of each phantom was obtained, totaling 20 new radiographs (group 2). This procedure was also done after 800 (group 3), 1,200 (group 4), and 1,600 (group 5) acquisitions, resulting in 100 radiographs. Another 40 radiographs (20 phantoms × 2 groups) were obtained with a second PSP sensor to evaluate the diagnostic replicability of the receptors. All 140 radiographs were assessed independently by 5 examiners for the presence of proximal caries. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity, and specificity were calculated and compared among the groups by analysis of variance. The Student t test evaluated the diagnostic replicability of the receptors. The significance level was set at 5% (P < .05). RESULTS: The diagnostic outcomes for proximal caries did not differ among the groups (P ≥ .37). The diagnostic values did not differ among the radiographs acquired with the 2 PSP receptors (P ≥ .75). CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of proximal carious lesions was not affected by extensive use of the PSP receptor.


Asunto(s)
Caries Dental , Radiografía de Mordida Lateral , Humanos , Caries Dental/diagnóstico por imagen , Diente Molar/diagnóstico por imagen , Diente Molar/patología , Sensibilidad y Especificidad
16.
J. appl. oral sci ; 31: e20220374, 2023. graf
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1421900

RESUMEN

Abstract This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on dental trauma patient attendance. The study was registered in the PROSPERO system, using the CRD42021288398 protocol. Searching was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Lilacs, and OpenGrey databases, using the following keywords: "Tooth injuries," "Dental trauma," "Traumatic Dental injury," and "COVID-19". We included observational studies evaluating dental trauma in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Quality assessment was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Cross-Sectional Studies. Meta-analysis was performed in RevMan 5.4 software with Odds Ratios as a pooled measure of effect, with a 95% confidence interval, and using random-effects modeling. After applying the eligibility criteria, 32 studies were included for qualitative analysis, in which 10 were used to assess the frequency of dental trauma diagnoses in dental emergencies. Despite the decrease of visits during COVID-19, the analysis revealed no difference between the pandemic and pre-pandemic periods. Regarding the type of dental trauma, two of the studies revealed no differences for the periods before and during the pandemic. This study revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic has not impacted the frequency or type of dental trauma compared to previous periods.

17.
Nursing ; 25(294): 8982-8991, nov.2022. ilus
Artículo en Inglés, Portugués | LILACS, BDENF - Enfermería | ID: biblio-1402604

RESUMEN

Objetivo: Discutir os desafios de enfermeiras emergências durante as práticas de cuidado à mulher em situação de violência doméstica. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura que utilizou a estratégia PICo. Foram realizadas buscas por periódicos entre abril a julho de 2021, na BVS, no SciELO, na PubMed e na Embase; nove artigos foram selecionados. Resultados: Foram identificadas fragilidades nas práticas de cuidado de enfermeiras às mulheres na urgência e emergência hospitalar, decorrente da falta de capacitação profissional, medo ou (des) conhecimento sobre a sistematização da assistência de enfermagem. Conclusão: É necessário que as práticas de cuidado sejam realizadas de maneira integral, de forma holística, vislumbrando a garantia da assistência em saúde conforme às necessidades apresentadas pela mulher, de maneira singular. Com fortalecimento das atividades de educação em serviço, com possibilidade de diálogo entre os serviços que compõem a rede de enfrentamento à violência doméstica contra a mulher(AU)


Objective: To discuss the challenges faced by emergency nurses during care practices for women in situations of domestic violence. Method: This is an integrative literature review that used the PICo strategy. Searches for journals were carried out between April and July 2021, in the VHL, SciELO, PubMed and Embase; nine articles were selected. Results: Weaknesses were identified in nurses' care practices for women in hospital urgency and emergency care, due to lack of professional training, fear or (lack of) knowledge about the systematization of nursing care. Conclusion: It is necessary that care practices are carried out in an integral way, in a holistic way, envisioning the guarantee of health care according to the needs presented by the woman, in a unique way. With the strengthening of in-service education activities, with the possibility of dialogue between the services that make up the network to combat domestic violence against women.(AU)


Objetivo: Discutir los desafíos enfrentados por los enfermeros de emergencia durante las prácticas de atención a mujeres en situación de violencia doméstica. Método: Se trata de una revisión integrativa de la literatura que utilizó la estrategia PICo. Las búsquedas de revistas se realizaron entre abril y julio de 2021, en la BVS, SciELO, PubMed y Embase; Se seleccionaron nueve artículos. Resultados: Se identificaron debilidades en las prácticas de atención de los enfermeros a las mujeres en urgencias y emergencias hospitalarias, debido a la falta de formación profesional, miedo o (falta de) conocimiento sobre la sistematización del cuidado de enfermería. Conclusión: Es necesario que las prácticas de cuidado sean realizadas de forma integral y holística, vislumbrando la garantía del cuidado de la salud de acuerdo a las necesidades presentadas por la mujer, de forma única. Con el fortalecimiento de las actividades de educación en servicio, con posibilidad de diálogo entre los servicios que integran la red de combate a la violencia doméstica contra las mujeres.(AU)


Asunto(s)
Violencia contra la Mujer , COVID-19 , Hospitales , Enfermeros
18.
Braz J Infect Dis ; 26(6): 102705, 2022.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36228664

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: There are no specific recommendations for prevention of surgical site infection (SSI) caused by multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacilli (MDR-GNB). Our objective was to systematically review the literature evaluating the efficacy and safety of measures specifically designed to prevent MDR-GNB SSI. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and LILACS databases up to February 18, 2020. Randomized trials and observational cohort studies evaluating the efficacy of preventive measures against MDR-GNB SSI in adult surgical patients were eligible. We evaluated methodological quality of studies and general quality of evidence using Newcastle-Ottawa scale, Cochrane ROBINS-I and GRADE method. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed using Review Manager V.5.3 software. RESULTS: A total of 10,663 titles by searching databases were identified. Two retrospective observational studies, comparing surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) with or without aminoglycoside in renal transplantation recipients, and one non-randomized prospective study, evaluating ertapenem vs. cephalosporin plus metronidazole for SAP in extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriales carriers undergoing colon surgery, were included. Risk of bias was high in all studies. Meta-analysis was performed for the renal transplantation studies, with 854 patients included. Combined relative risk (RR) for MDR GNB SSI was 0.57 (95%CI: 0.25-1.34), favoring SAP with aminoglycoside (GRADE: moderate). CONCLUSIONS: There are no sufficient data supporting specific measures against MDR-GNB SSI. Prospective, randomized studies are necessary to assess the efficacy and safety of SAP with aminoglycoside for MDR-GNB SSI prevention among renal transplantation recipients and other populations. PROSPERO 2018 CRD42018100845.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica , Adulto , Humanos , Estudios Prospectivos , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/prevención & control , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/prevención & control , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/tratamiento farmacológico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Bacterias Gramnegativas , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Aminoglicósidos/uso terapéutico , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana Múltiple
19.
Nursing (Ed. bras., Impr.) ; 25(292): 8556-8565, set. 2022.
Artículo en Inglés, Portugués | LILACS, BDENF - Enfermería | ID: biblio-1399171

RESUMEN

Objetivo: analisar o que versa a literatura sobre o saber de acadêmicos da área de saúde sobre violência obstétrica. Método: Trata-se de revisão integrativa realizada a partir de artigos publicados entre 2017 e 2022 na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Google Acadêmico e PubMed. A busca dos artigos ocorreu em abril de 2022 e utilizou-se a estratégia PICo. Sete estudos se adequaram aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão e responderam à questão norteadora de pesquisa. Resultado: A análise dos estudos possibilitou identificar que o saber de estudantes sobre a violência obstétrica apresenta algumas divergências entre os cursos de enfermagem, psicologia e medicina. O conhecimento dos estudantes variou entre insuficiente e satisfatório. Conclusão: Os estudantes em sua maioria foram capazes de reconhecer formas de violência obstétrica. No entanto, fica evidente a necessidade de mais debates sobre a temática durante a graduação para estimular o senso crítico dos futuros profissionais.(AU)


Objective: to analyze what the literature says about the knowledge of academics in the health area about obstetric violence. Method: This is an integrative review based on articles published between 2017 and 2022 in the Virtual Health Library, Google Scholar and PubMed. The search for articles took place in April 2022 and the PICo strategy was used. Seven studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and answered the guiding research question were analyzed. Result: The analysis of the studies made it possible to identify that the knowledge of students about obstetric violence presents some divergences between the nursing, psychology and medicine courses. The students' knowledge ranged from insufficient to satisfactory. Conclusion: Most students were able to recognize forms of obstetric violence. However, it is evident the need for more debates on the subject during graduation to stimulate the critical sense of future professionals.(AU0


Objetivo: analizar lo que dice la literatura sobre el conocimiento de académicos del área de la salud sobre la violencia obstétrica. Método: Se trata de una revisión integradora basada en artículos publicados entre 2017 y 2022 en la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, Google Scholar y PubMed. La búsqueda de artículos se realizó en abril de 2022 y se utilizó la estrategia PICo. Siete estudios cumplieron los criterios de inclusión y exclusión y respondieron la pregunta guía de investigación. Resultado: El análisis de los estudios permitió identificar que el conocimiento de los estudiantes sobre la violencia obstétrica presenta algunas divergencias entre los cursos de enfermería, psicología y medicina. El conocimiento de los estudiantes varió de insuficiente a satisfactório. Conclusión: La mayoría de los estudiantes fueron capaces de reconocer formas de violencia obstétrica. Sin embargo, es evidente la necesidad de más debates sobre el tema durante la graduación para estimular el sentido crítico de los futuros profesionales (AU)


Asunto(s)
Estudiantes , Universidades , Salud de la Mujer , Conocimiento , Violencia Obstétrica
20.
Nursing (Ed. bras., Impr.) ; 25(292): 8592-8603, set. 2022.
Artículo en Inglés, Portugués | LILACS, BDENF - Enfermería | ID: biblio-1399190

RESUMEN

Objetivo: Descrever a concepção de puérperas sobre violência obstétrica. Método: Trata-se de revisão integrativa da literatura que utilizou a estratégia PICo. A busca ocorreu entre novembro e dezembro de 2020 na Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde, Medline e SciELO com recorte temporal de artigos publicados de 2010 a 2020. Resultado: Foram analisados 12 artigos que se adequaram aos critérios de inclusão e responderam à questão norteadora da pesquisa. A análise do corpus proporcionou identificar que a maioria das puérperas desconhecem o termo violência obstétrica fato que obscurece a identificação que determinadas práticas realizadas em unidades hospitalares não condizem com as evidências científicas podendo ser consideradas como maus-tratos. Conclusão: Dentre os fatores que aumentam a vulnerabilidade para a ocorrência da violência obstétrica pode-se considerar a escassez de ações de educação em saúde durante o período pré-natal que viabilizem o reconhecimento dos direitos sexuais e reprodutivos das mulheres.(AU)


Objective: To describe the conception of puerperal women about obstetric violence. Method: This is an integrative literature review that used the PICo strategy. The search took place between November and December 2020 in the Virtual Health Library, Medline and SciELO, with a temporal cut of articles published from 2010 to 2020. Result: 12 articles were analyzed that met the inclusion criteria and answered the guiding question of the research. The analysis of the corpus made it possible to identify that most of the puerperal women are unaware of the term obstetric violence, a fact that obscures the identification that certain practices carried out in hospital units do not match the scientific evidence and can be considered as maltreatment. Conclusion: Among the factors that increase vulnerability to the occurrence of obstetric violence, one can consider the scarcity of health education actions during the prenatal period that enable the recognition of women's sexual and reproductive rights.(AU)


Objetivo: Describir la concepción de las puérperas sobre la violencia obstétrica. Método: Se trata de una revisión integrativa de la literatura que utilizó la estrategia PICo. La búsqueda se realizó entre noviembre y diciembre de 2020 en la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, Medline y SciELO, con corte temporal de artículos publicados de 2010 a 2020. Resultado: se analizaron 12 artículos que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y respondieron a la pregunta orientadora de la investigación . El análisis del corpus permitió identificar que la mayoría de las puérperas desconocen el término violencia obstétrica, hecho que oscurece la identificación de que ciertas prácticas realizadas en las unidades hospitalarias no concuerdan con la evidencia científica y pueden ser consideradas como maltrato. Conclusión: Entre los factores que aumentan la vulnerabilidad a la ocurrencia de violencia obstétrica, se puede considerar la escasez de acciones de educación en salud durante el prenatal que posibiliten el reconocimiento de los derechos sexuales y reproductivos de las mujeres.(AU)


Asunto(s)
Conocimiento , Violencia contra la Mujer , Violencia Obstétrica
SELECCIÓN DE REFERENCIAS
DETALLE DE LA BÚSQUEDA