Eosinophilic prostatitis simulating invasive prostatic carcinoma: CT appearance.

We report the first description of the computed tomographic findings in a patient with eosinophilic prostatitis, a rare inflammatory disorder of the prostate. The appearances were indistinguishable from advanced invasive prostatic cancer but showed almost complete resolution following corticosteroid therapy.

Incentive breathing devices and chest physiopathy: a controlled therapy.

Intestinal ischemia should be suspected in any patient following aortic surgery who has pain out of keeping with the operation, postoperative diarrhea (with or without bleeding) or an unexplained metabolic acidosis. Ten such cases of intestinal ischemia were identified during a 10-year period at the Toronto General and Toronto Western hospitals. Six occurred following repair of a ruptured abdominal aneurysm, one followed elective aneurysmectomy and three followed elective bypass for occlusive disease. The overall mortality was 70%. Transmural bowel infarction was found in six patients (all died), while four patients had partial-thickness injury (one died, three had late strictures). Potentially preventable factors in each patient, either single or multiple, were identified and are discussed. Emphasis on early diagnosis is stressed, because once transmural necrosis has occurred the prognosis is poor.

Ultrasonic coronal scanning of left upper quadrant.

The left upper quadrant of the abdomen is frequently a "blind" area for ultrasonographic scanning due to the preponderance of gas in the stomach and splenic flexure of the colon, which obscures the deeper structures. Longitudinal scans, particularly when done vertically, are generally of no use in this region. A portion of the transverse scan, aiming the beam horizontally from the left midaxillary line can be somewhat helpful. Coronal planes of section using real-time equipment, aimed medially from the midaxillary line with the patient supine, allow improved visualization of the left upper quadrant. Conventional scanning with the patient rotated into a right posterior oblique or right-side-down decubitus position can also be useful. cases are presented to illustrate this technique.

Reliability of percutaneous needle aspiration biopsy for diagnosis of bronchogenic carcinoma.

Aspiration biopsy is a widely accepted diagnostic modality for intrathoracic lesions. Between August 1978 and July 1980, percutaneous needle aspiration biopsy was utilized as a means to diagnose intrathoracic lesions in 82 patients. Cytologic diagnosis was obtained in 81 of 82 patients, 60 with a diagnosis of malignant lesions and 21 of nonmalignant lesions. Forty-four patients (53.7%) were treated surgically and 38 patients (46.3%) were treated conservatively, including radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Of the 44 patients who came to surgery, 35 had a malignant cytologic diagnosis. Surgery was performed in 11 patients with an initial benign cytologic diagnosis--there were 4 benign tumors, 4 inflammatory lesions and 3 false-negative cases. Of the 3 negatives, two patients had been biopsied on a second occasion with a malignant cytologic diagnosis. Of the 38 patients treated conservatively (malignant 27, benign 10, insufficient specimen 1) only one patient initially considered benign was later diagnosed with unresectable malignancy. The full collaboration of the radiologist and cytologist at the time of the biopsy has contributed to 94% sensitivity, 100% specificity, and 100% predictive valve for aspiration biopsy of intrathoracic lesions.

Experimental pulmonary arteritis.

Experimental pulmonary arteritis was produced in rabbits by intravenous injection of alveolar macrophages from donor rabbits. These animals, along with matched controls, were studied with pulmonary angiography to test the hypothesis that angiography could detect the vasculitic process in life. The animals were then sacrificed and postmortem angiography and histologic studies of the fixed inflated lung were used to locate the vascular lesions. The authors conclude that pulmonary vasculitis can be detected by angiography when the chest x-ray is normal.

The radiology of lymphomatoid granulomatosis in the lung.

This paper describes the salient clinical and radiological features of two patients with lymphomatoid granulomatosis of the lungs. We have, in addition, reviewed the previously documented 22 cases in which radiographs were published along with their case histories. The commonest radiographic appearance, that of bilateral multiple pulmonary nodules, should not be mistaken for multiple metastases.