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1.
Immunol Lett ; 263: 1-13, 2023 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37704178

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Synovial fibroblasts are critical for maintaining homeostasis in major autoimmune diseases involving joint inflammation, including osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. However, little is known about the interactions among different cell subtypes and the specific sets of signaling pathways and activities that they trigger. METHODS: Using social network analysis, pattern recognition, and manifold learning approaches, we identified patterns of single-cell communication in OA (osteoarthritis) and RA (rheumatoid arthritis). RESULTS: Our results suggest that OA and RA have distinct cellular communication patterns and signaling pathways. The LAMININ (Laminin) and COLLAGEN (Collagen) pathways predominate in osteoarthritis, while the EGF (Epidermal growth factor), NT (Neurotrophin) and CDH5 (Cadherin 5) pathways predominate in rheumatoid arthritis, with a central role for THY1 (Thy-1 cell surface antigen) +CDH11 (Cadherin 11) + cells. The OA opens the PDGF (Platelet-derived growth factors) pathway (driver of bone angiogenesis), the RA opens the EGF pathway (bone formation) and the SEMA3 (Semaphorin 3A) pathway (involved in immune regulation). Interestingly, we found that OA no longer has cell types involved in the MHC complex (Major histocompatibility complex) and their activity, whereas the MHC complex functions primarily in RA in the presentation of inflammatory antigens, and that the complement system in OA has the potential to displace the function of the MHC complex. The specific signaling patterns of THY1+CDH11+ cells and their secreted ligand receptors are more conducive to cell migration and lay the foundation for promoting osteoclastogenesis. This subpopulation may also be involved in the accumulation of lymphocytes, affecting the recruitment of immune cells. Members of the collagen family (COL1A1 (Collagen Type I Alpha 1 Chain), COL6A2 (Collagen Type VI Alpha 2 Chain) and COL6A1 (Collagen Type VI Alpha 1 Chain)) and transforming growth factor (TGFB3) maintain the extracellular matrix in osteoarthritis and mediate cell migration and adhesion in rheumatoid arthritis, including the PTN (Pleiotrophin) / THBS1 (Thrombospondin 1) interaction. CONCLUSION: Increased understanding of the interaction networks between synovial fibroblast subtypes, particularly the shared and unique cellular communication features between osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis and their hub cells, should help inform the design of therapeutic agents for inflammatory joint disease.


Asunto(s)
Artritis Reumatoide , Osteoartritis , Humanos , Membrana Sinovial , Factor de Crecimiento Epidérmico/metabolismo , Laminina/metabolismo , Colágeno Tipo VI/metabolismo , Comunicación Celular , Fibroblastos , Comunicación
3.
Oncotarget ; 7(32): 51934-51942, 2016 Aug 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27437770

RESUMEN

Chloramphenicol is an old antibiotic that also inhibits mammalian mitochondrial protein synthesis. Our studies demonstrated that chloramphenicol is highly cytotoxic to myeloma cells, acting in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Chloramphenicol sharply suppressed ATP levels in myeloma cells at concentrations ≥ 25 µg/mL. Colorimetric and clonogenic assays indicate that chloramphenicol inhibits growth of myeloma cell lines at concentrations ≥ 50 µg/mL, and inhibits primary myeloma cell growth at concentrations ≥ 25 µg/mL. Flow cytometry and Western blotting showed that chloramphenicol induces myeloma cell apoptosis at concentrations ≥ 50 µg/mL. Chloramphenicol increased levels of cytochrome c, cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3, suggesting that myeloma cell apoptosis occurs through the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway. It thus appears chloramphenicol is not only an old antibiotic, it is also a potential cytotoxic agent effective against myeloma cells. This suggests chloramphenicol may be an effective "new" drug for the treatment of myeloma.


Asunto(s)
Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Cloranfenicol/farmacología , Mieloma Múltiple/patología , Inhibidores de la Síntesis de la Proteína/farmacología , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Humanos
4.
Lasers Med Sci ; 29(3): 1237-40, 2014 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24362923

RESUMEN

Until now, there still has no standard treatment option to deal with gastric bezoars. This respective study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficiency of Nd:YAG laser-ignited mini-explosive technique for the treatment of gastric bezoars. Two hundred sixty patients with 285 gastric bezoars were treated by endoscopic lithotripsy with Nd:YAG laser-ignited mini-explosive technique. Among the 260 patients, the 284 gastric bezoars of the 259 patients completely disappeared, with the cure rate of 99.6% after 1-2 treatments at 2-4 weeks follow-up. Only one patient, who was cured by surgery, had gastric perforation during the explosion. No intraoperative or delayed complications was found in the other 259 patients. The endoscopic lithotripsy with Nd:YAG laser-ignited mini-explosive technique is an effective, safe, and promising alternative for gastric bezoars.


Asunto(s)
Bezoares/terapia , Endoscopía/métodos , Láseres de Estado Sólido/uso terapéutico , Litotricia/métodos , Estómago/patología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Adulto Joven
5.
Lasers Med Sci ; 28(6): 1505-9, 2013 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23329369

RESUMEN

Various endoscopic techniques are being increasingly used in early gastrointestinal (GI) cancer. The holmium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Ho:YAG) laser has precise tissue cutting ability and good hemostatic properties and has been widely applicated to soft tissue, but the use of endoscopic Ho:YAG laser ablation for early gastrointestinal cancer has not been reported. Twenty patients with biopsy-proven early GI cancer who had a high surgical risk or refused surgery were treated by endoscopic Ho:YAG laser ablation. The tumors of all patients were confined to the mucosal layer without ulceration and without lymph node metastasis. The tumor diameter was not more than 2.5 cm. Endoscopy, endoscopic ultrasound, and computed tomography scan were performed 1-3 months after the treatment, and a biopsy was performed to evaluate the effects of the therapy. Long-term endoscopic follow-up was maintained. Complete eradication was achieved in all the 20 patients, including four patients with high-grade dysplasia associated with focal canceration, seven patients with well-differentiated squamous cell cancer, and nine patients with well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, resulting in a complete response rate of 100% at 1-3 months after treatment. No recurrence was found during 36-73 months of follow-up in all 20 patients. No operative or delayed complications were observed in any of the 20 patients. Preliminary study shows that endoscopic Ho:YAG laser ablation may be an effective, safe, and minimally invasive method for selected patients with early GI intramucosal cancer. Further research is required to confirm the safety and efficacy of this technique compared to its alternative techniques in a multicenter randomized controlled trial.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Gastrointestinales/cirugía , Láseres de Estado Sólido/uso terapéutico , Adenocarcinoma/cirugía , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Carcinoma in Situ/cirugía , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirugía , Neoplasias Colorrectales/cirugía , Neoplasias Esofágicas/cirugía , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirugía , Resultado del Tratamiento
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