[The study of diabetes-related behavior status and affecting factors among urban and suburban residents in six provinces in China].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the status of diabetes-related behaviors and affecting factors among urban and suburban residents in China. METHODS: A sample of 18-60 years old residents from Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shanxi, Henan, Yunnan and Qinghai provinces was investigated by using stratified cluster random sampling method from March to May in 2013, and 4 282 residents were recruited. The Questionnaire of Health Literacy of Diabetes Mellitus of the Public in China was used to conduct the survey. χ(2) test was used to compare the different risk behavior characteristics of diabetes. The results of the survey were standardized by the 6th national census data. Multiple regression analysis was used to understand the affecting factors to related behaviors. RESULTS: After data standardization, 14.3% sat more than 6 hours every day, 57.6% exercised less than 3 times every week, 21.3% had no regularly daily diet, 58.7% paid no attention to diet control, 15.7% and 7.8% residents preferred salty and oily diet, 51.4% had physical examination less than 1 time every year, 29.7% were smokers, and 9.2% often drank. Urban residents spent much more time on sitting (18.2%) than rural residents (8.4%) (P < 0.05), and the rates of lack of physical exercise(52.7%), irregular diet (17.2%), paying no attention to diet control (51.9%), smokers (23.6%) among urban residents were lower than rural residents (60.1%, 21.4%, 62.5% and 32.1% respectively) (P < 0.05). The rates of irregular diet (24.6%), paying no attention to diet control (63.5%), high-salt and high-fat diet (30.1%), smokers (57.7%), drinking (18.7%) among men were higher than those in females (15.5%, 52.1%, 23.2%, 2.2%, and 0.8% respectively) (P < 0.05); regions, genders, educational levels, occupations were related to relative behaviors of diabetes, residents in rural areas (t = 7.829, P < 0.01), males (t = -21.760, P < 0.01), lower education level (t = 0.771, P < 0.01), as well as institution personnel (t = -4.240, P < 0.01) had lower behavior scores, which meant they had more risk behaviors related to diabetes. CONCLUSION: There were diabetes-related risk behaviors among both urban and suburban residents in China, such as insufficient physical exercise, no diet control and regular medical examinations. These risk behaviors happened more in rural areas than in urban areas, men than women, older age group than lower age group.

[Status of knowledge and behaviors about chronic diseases prevention for Chinese residents in 2008].

OBJECTIVE: To learn the status of knowledge and behaviors about chronic diseases prevention for Chinese residents, and to provide basis for developing health education strategy. METHODS: Using multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling, 79 542 residents aged 15-69 years old from 31 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in Mainland China were investigated with the questionnaire of chronic diseases prevention. RESULTS: There were 78 429 valid questionnaires recovered. The effective questionnaire return rate reached 98.60%. For some questions such as how to face second hand smoking, diseases types caused by second hand smoking, milk daily intake, drink daily intake for adult and the correct cognition to weight control, the correct rates were all below 30%. There were only 3.87% respondents possessed knowledge and behaviors about chronic diseases prevention. The proportion possessed knowledge and behavior about chronic diseases prevention of the urban population was higher than that of the rural population. The proportion of respondents aged from 35 to 45 was higher than that of other respondents. The higher were educational levels, the higher was the proportion. These differences had all statistical significance (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The proportion possessed knowledge and behavior about chronic diseases prevention of respondents was low, especially to some specific prevention measurement such as how to control salt daily intake. In future, different health education strategies about chronic diseases prevention should be developed for different population.