[Three-component tear substitute as preoperative support in glaucoma surgery]. / Primenenie trekhkomponentnogo slezozamenitelya v meditsinskom soprovozhdenii khirurgii glaukomy.

PURPOSE: This study investigates the effect of preoperative preparation with the three-component tear substitute Stillavit on the outcomes of glaucoma surgery in patients on long-term topical glaucoma therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 63 patients (63 eyes) with glaucoma, among them 30 (30 eyes) were women and 33 (33 eyes) were men. Group 1 consisted of 33 patients (33 eyes) receiving long-term topical antihypertensive therapy with preservatives and tear substitute Stillavit 3 times a day for 1 month as preoperative preparation. Group 2 included 30 patients (30 eyes) receiving similar antihypertensive therapy who were not prescribed preoperative medications. All patients underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological examination and computer tomography of the filtering blebs (FB) on Visante system (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Germany) before surgery, as well as 1 week, 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. RESULTS: Mean intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation at 6 months postoperatively was significantly higher in the group that did not undergo preoperative preparation with a tear substitute, compared to the group of patients who received the tear substitute Stillavit preoperatively. According to anterior segment optical coherence tomography, a greater number of favorable diffuse FB were noted in the group that received the tear substitute Stillavit in preparation for surgery - 87.9%, while in group 2 (without preparation) - 66.7%. Odds ratio calculation between the two groups revealed that preoperative preparation with the tear substitute Stillavit reduced the odds of IOP elevation to 20 mm Hg or higher at 3 months postoperatively by more than 10 times. CONCLUSION: The use of tear substitute Stillavit in preparation for anti-glaucoma surgery reduces the chances of IOP elevation in the early postoperative period by more than 10 times, which may indicate a reduction in the rate of FB scarring due to the beneficial effect of the drug's components on the precorneal tear film.

[Studying the condition of filtering bleb after glaucoma surgery using optical coherence tomography]. / Opticheskaya kogerentnaya tomografiya v issledovanii sostoyaniya fil'tratsionnoi podushki posle antiglaukomnoi khirurgii.

PURPOSE: To compare the optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings on the condition of filtering bleb (FB) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) who used different local therapy before glaucoma surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included a total of 82 patients (82 eyes) followed up after glaucoma surgery: 50 patients (50 eyes) who received preservatives-containing drugs before glaucoma surgery; 32 patients (32 eyes) - who were on preservative-free drug treatment before glaucoma surgery. The examinations were carried out 7 days, 1 and 3 months after micro-invasive sinus trabeculectomy. The condition of filtering bleb was studied using the Visante AS-OCT device, as well as with a slit lamp for clinical observation. Corneal-compensated intraocular pressure (IOPcc) was determined by bi-directional pneumatic applanation of the cornea using the Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA). RESULTS: After 3 months post-op, a functioning FB and intraocular pressure below 15.0 mm Hg were observed in 38 eyes out of 50 (76%) in group 1, in 12 eyes (24%) the FB was nonfuncitonal. In Group 2, 25 eyes out of 32 (78%) had functioning FB and intraocular pressure lower than 15.0 mm Hg; in 7 eyes (22%) the FB was nonfuncitonal. Needling was needed 3 months after the operation in 7 eyes out of 32 (22%) in group 2. The need for needling according to OCT findings in patients of group 1 occurred already one week after surgery for 4 eyes out of 50 (8%), after one month - for 14 eyes (28%). CONCLUSION: In patients on pre-operative drug therapy with preservative-containing medications, the process of scarring in the FB is faster. The OCT method allows early detection of the initial signs of scarring, as well as determining the need for needling.

[Methods of assessing the condition of filtering bleb after glaucoma surgery]. / Metody otsenki sostoyaniya fil'tratsionnoi podushki posle khirurgii glaukomy.

Currently, there is a need to assess the condition of structures at the surgery site after glaucoma intervention due to the necessity to decide further treatment tactics after performed operations, as well as the possibility of developing more advanced methods of surgical treatment of glaucoma. Despite the fact that there are several methods of examining the filtration bleb (FB), some of them have both clear advantages and significant disadvantages. This article reviews the possibilities of using optical coherence tomography (OCT), ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM), thermography, confocal microscopy, and the Hyperemia-3 program for assessing the structural and functional state of the FB.

[Persistent hyaloid artery in an adult (a case report)]. / Persistiruyushchaya arteriya steklovidnogo tela u vzroslogo (klinicheskoe nablyudenie).

The article presents a clinical case of a functioning hyaloid artery in a 69-year-old patient. The results of OCT-angiography made it possible to detect the presence of blood flow in the projection of the persistent hyaloid artery (PHA) on the cross-section and en-face images. The vascular bed of PHA spreading along the posterior surface of the lens in the form of separate branches was visualized by slit-lamp biomicroscopy. The uniqueness of this clinical case lies in the low probability of such findings in the elderly. The presence of a developing cataract indicates the need for an individual approach in determining treatment strategies. In our opinion, the consistent use of laser coagulation technologies and laser photodestruction of PHA will minimize the risk of hemophthalmos and tractional retinal detachment during the upcoming cataract surgery.

[Application of Retinalamin for the treatment of glaucomatous optic neuropathy].

A case of Retinalamin (peptide-based drug) use in a patient with newly diagnosed glaucoma and therapeutically normalized intraocular pressure is reported. The results of visual field test (Humphrey Field Analyzer) and optic nerve examination (Heidelberg Retina Tomograph) as well as electrophysiological indices before and 1 and 3 month after the course of Retinalamin (10 parabulbar injections) are presented.

[Antioxidative activity of histochrome and some other drugs used in ophthalmology]. / Antioksidantnaia aktivnost' gistokhroma i nekotorykh lekarstvennykh preparatov, primeniaemykh v oftal'mologii.

The antioxidative activity (AOA) of histochrome (2,3,5,6,8-pentahydroxy-7-ethyl-1,4-naphthoquinone) and some other drugs with antioxidant properties used in ophthalmology has been studied in the hemoglobin--hydrogen peroxide--luminol system. The AOA of histochrome, ascorbate, dicinon, rutin, quercetin, and dihydroquercetin is comparable to that of trolox, the reference antioxidant in our studies. The drugs (in physiological concentrations) listed above are characterized by a high AOA. Cerebrolysin was 300 times less active than trolox, and emoxipin showed no antioxidant properties. Lacrimal AOA increased after a parabulbar injection of histochrome. Histochrome is believed to be a perspective antioxidant for the treatment of ocular diseases.

The effect of radial keratotomy on contrast sensitivity.

In the period after surgical correction of myopia and astigmatism in 30 patients (44 eyes) by radial keratotomy, contrast sensitivity deteriorated slightly. The disturbances, however, were transitory, and the general trend was toward restoration of function. Strict adherence to an adequate operative technique prevented a marked decline in contrast sensitivity. The decrease must be considered before surgery, particularly in patients who need a high degree of fine motor control.