RESUMEN
Background: In recent years, the widespread use of computed tomography (CT) in early lung cancer screening has led to an increase in the detection rate of lung ground glass nodules (GGNs). The persistence of GGNs, which may indicate early lung adenocarcinoma, has been a focus of attention for scholars in the field of lung cancer prevention and treatment in recent years. Despite the rapid development of research into GGNs, there is a lack of intuitive content and trend analyses in this field, as well as a lack of detailed elaboration on possible research hotspots. The objective of this study was to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the knowledge structure and research hotspots of lung ground glass nodules over the past decade, employing bibliometric methods. Method: The Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database was searched for relevant ground-glass lung nodule literature published from 2013-2023. Bibliometric analyses were performed using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the R package "bibliometrix". Results: A total of 2,218 articles from 75 countries and 2,274 institutions were included in this study. The number of publications related to GGNs has been high in recent years. The United States has led in GGNs-related research. Radiology has one of the highest visibilities as a selected journal and co-cited journal. Jin Mo Goo has published the most articles. Travis WD has been cited the most frequently. The main topics of research in this field are Lung Cancer, CT, and Deep Learning, which have been identified as long-term research hotspots. The GGNs-related marker is a major research trend in this field. Conclusion: This study represents the inaugural bibliometric analysis of applied research on ground-glass lung nodules utilizing three established bibliometric software. The bibliometric analysis of this study elucidates the prevailing research themes and trends in the field of GGNs over the past decade. It also furnishes pertinent recommendations for researchers to provide objective descriptions and comprehensive guidance for future related research.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Based on the proposed lung-intestinal axis, there is a significant correlation between the microbiota and lung metastasis. Targeting the microbial composition is valuable in modulating the host response to cancer therapeutics. As a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, Shuangshen granules (SSG) are clinically useful in delaying lung metastasis, but its underlying mechanisms remain unknown. METHODS: The C57BL/6N mice were chosen to establish the Lewis lung cancer models. The broad-spectrum antibiotics (ABX) group was set up to estimate the effect of microbiota composition on metastasis. The therapeutic effects of different doses of SSG in treating lung metastasis were investigated through histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot analysis methods. Additionally, the phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the lung and blood was evaluated by flow cytometry. The fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and negative control (ABX plus high dose SSG group) experiments were also designed to assess intestinal microbiota's role in SSG intervention's outcome in lung metastasis. The 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and Untargeted metabolomic analysis were used to analyze intestinal microbiota and metabolite changes mediated by SSG in tumor-bearing mice with lung metastasis. RESULT: ABX could observably lead to intestinal microbiota dysbiosis and enhance metastasis. SSG showed a significant chemopreventive effect in lung metastasis, reduced metastatic nodules and the expression levels of pre-metastatic niche biomarkers, and enriched the ratio of CD86+F4/80+CD11b+ cells, while FMT delayed metastasis similarly. The analysis of microbiota and metabolites revealed that SSG significantly enriched probiotics in feces, including Akkermansia muciniphila, Lachnoclostridium sp YL32, Limosilactobacillus reuteri, and potential anti-cancer serum metabolites, including Ginsenoside Rb1, Isoquinoline, Betulin and so on. We also investigated the mechanism of SSG protection against lung metastasis and showed that SSG regulated microbiota, improved TAMs polarization, and inhibited the expression of the NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSION: The results presented in our article demonstrated that SSG improved TAMs polarization and inhibited the NF-κB pathway by alleviating intestinal microbiota imbalance and metabolic disorders in tumor-bearing mice, resulting in delayed lung metastasis.