Transaxial tomography: an alternative to computerized tomography in pediatric orthopedic problems.

Because of the information it provides, computerized tomography has gained wide acceptance. However, the radiation delivered is considerable, and the gonads cannot be shielded effectively. Transaxial tomography also produces a cross-sectional image. While the image has less resolution, it is obtained at a fraction of the exposure. The use of transaxial tomography in several clinical situations is outlined here.

Delayed appearance of right diaphragmatic hernia associated with group B streptococcal infection in newborns.

Right diaphragmatic hernia should be considered when an infant with Group B streptococcal infection shows deterioration. Although the diaphragm appears normal at first, increased density is seen in the right lower lobe shortly thereafter, indicating pneumonia and/or irregular aeration. Pleural effusion may develop over the next few days. Characteristically, the bowel gas on the right and the liver shadow gradually become elevated and the heart and mediastinal structures shift into the left hemithorax; loops of bowel may be seen in the right hemithorax as well. Static plain views should confirm hernia or eventration, necessitating immediate surgery.

The area and volume of the sella turcica in childhood primary hypothyroidism.

Sellar area and volume are compared to chronological age, stature, and osseous maturation (bone age) in a series of control children of short stature and in those with primary hypothyroidism and idoiopathic pituitary deficiencies. Sellar area is increased most significantly in relation to bone age in primary hypothyroidism; volume is less useful than area in the diagnosis of this disease.