Intracranial Solitary Fibrous Tumor Mimicking Meningioma.

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a clinically rare tumor derived from mesenchymal spindle cells. Central nervous system SFT represents only 0.09% of tumors occurring on the meninges, while intracranial solitary fibrous tumors (ISFT) are even more rare. Due to the similar genetic characteristics it shares with hemangiopericytoma, in 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified it as a single disease called solitary fibrous tumor (SFT)/hemangiopericytoma. We reported a case of a 60-year-old female with an intracranial solitary fibrous tumor (ISFT). The patient's magnetic resonance imaging showed a mass adhering extensively to the dura mater, with adjacent thickening of the meninges and evidence of a meningeal tail sign. These radiologic findings suggested a meningioma. The tumor was surgically removed and sent for pathologic examination, which confirmed that the tumor was consistent with a solitary fibrous tumor(WHO III). Due to its rarity and similarities with meningioma, ISFT is often misdiagnosed as other types of brain tumors. ISFT is poorly understood and poses a diagnostic challenge. Our case report presents several features suggestive of meningioma, but histopathological examination after surgery confirmed the diagnosis of SFT. Knowledge of these tumors is crucial for neurosurgeons to include them in preoperative differential diagnosis.

Treatment of a Patient With Meningioma With Complicated Blood Supply.

Meningiomas account for ~30% of primary intracranial tumors, making them the second most common type of brain tumor. Most meningiomas are benign, and surgical resection is curative. By utilizing 3-dimensional slicer technology for multimodal image fusion, a wealth of 3-dimensional anatomic information can be obtained, enabling more effective treatment of meningiomas with complex tumor locations and surrounding structures. Guided by the 3-dimensional structural models, we conducted detailed preoperative planning for 1 case of highly vascularized meningioma and utilized combined surgery for complete tumor removal, effectively avoiding intraoperative bleeding and postoperative complications.

Slit Ventricle Syndrome.

Slit ventricle syndrome (SVS) is a complication after ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) or cystoperitoneal shunt(CPS), mostly due to excessive drainage of cerebrospinal. The disease is most often seen in children and has a complex pathogenesis. Clinical manifestations are mainly intermittent headache, slow refilling of the shunt reservoir, and slit-like ventricles on imaging. Surgery is the main treatment. We present a 22-year-old female patient with a previous 14-year history of CPS. The patient recently presented with typical symptoms but her ventricular morphology was normal. We performed VPS after diagnosis of SVS. After the surgery, the patient's symptoms improved and her condition was stable.

Intracranial Neuro-Enteric Cyst.

An intracranial nerve-enteric cyst is a relatively rare benign disease, and the main clinical manifestations are related to the location and size of the cyst. The main symptoms are caused by cyst compression. When the cyst is small without compression, it may have no obvious symptoms, and when the cyst increases to a certain degree, it may cause corresponding clinical manifestations. The diagnosis of this disease is mainly based on clinical manifestations, imaging examinations, and pathological examinations. The authors present a 47-year-old woman who was admitted to the hospital with "dizziness". Imaging was performed and revealed a small round lesion in the posterior cranial fossa in front of the brainstem. It was surgically removed and the postoperative pathology revealed an intracranial neuro-enteric cyst. The patient's dizziness disappeared after surgery and was reviewed 1 year later without recurrence.

Interference of sulfide with iron ions to the analysis of Cr(â ¥) by Method 3060a & Method 7196a.

When Cr(Ⅵ)-contaminated soil was remediated with sulfide, due to incomplete reaction and overdose, excess sulfide could remain in the soil inducing unacceptable underestimation of residual Cr(Ⅵ) analysis, which would get worse when iron ions were introduced in. Unfortunately, the quality control policy of Method 3060a cannot distinguish the difference between real zero and false zero residual Cr(Ⅵ) when their spike recoveries are zero. This paper systematically investigated the sulfide-induced Cr(Ⅵ) reduction in Cr(Ⅵ) analysis by Method 3060a & Method 7196a. Experimental results indicate that the sulfide-Cr(Ⅵ) reaction mainly occurs during alkaline digestion and pH adjustment processes, and iron ions as an electron transfer carrier between sulfide and Cr(Ⅵ) can catalyze the redox reaction during alkaline digestion. Besides, the high temperature in alkaline digestion significantly accelerates the redox reaction which usually is negligible at room temperature. Sulfur of high concentrations in remediated soils can also cause unacceptable underestimation of Cr(Ⅵ) due to the production of sulfide ions by disproportionation reaction in alkaline digestion. This paper also provides a method to eliminate sulfide ions from alkaline digestion solution before pH adjustment and suggests some possible solutions to the ferrous or sulfide-induced Cr(Ⅵ) analysis bias.

Mir-29c Expression in Glioma and Its Effects on Tumor Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis.

BACKGROUND: To investigate the expression of microRNA-29c (miR-29c) in glioma and its effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 76 glioma patients in People's Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China from May 2013 to June 2017 (experimental group) and 63 healthy subjects in the same period (control group). qRT-PCR was used to detect the miR-29c expression. Changes of serum miR-29c expression level and the correlation of miR-29c of glioma patients with the degree of tumor differentiation and pathological type were observed. Cells were grouped before transfection into blank group (no transfection), negative control group (transfected with miRNA NC) and experimental group (transfected with miR-29c mimics). CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell proliferation, flow cytometry to detect apoptosis. RESULTS: Expression of miR-29c in serum was significantly lower in experimental group than that in control group (P<0.05). The expression level of miR-29c of glioma patients increased with the degree of tumor differentiation (P<0.05). miR-29c in serum was not significantly correlated with the pathological type. CONCLUSION: miR-29c could inhibit the proliferation of glioma cells and promote apoptosis. miR-29c is lowly expressed in glioma, and the overexpression of which in glioma cells can inhibit tumor cells proliferation and promote apoptosis. It may be a tumor suppressor miRNA of glioma, and the expression level of which can be used as reference for evaluating the grade of glioma. It is indicated that the abnormal expression of miR-29c may be a key factor in the occurrence and development of glioma.

Ubiquitin-specific protease 28 is overexpressed in human glioblastomas and contributes to glioma tumorigenicity by regulating MYC expression.

The transcription factor MYC, which is dysregulated in the majority of gliomas, is difficult to target directly. Deubiquitinase ubiquitin-specific protease 28 (USP28) stabilizes oncogenic factors, including MYC. However, the contribution of USP28 in tumorigenesis, particularly in glioma, is unknown. Here, we determined the expression of USP28 and assessed its clinical significance in human glioma. We found that USP28 is overexpressed in human glioma but not in normal brain tissue. The level of USP28 protein expression in human glioma tissues was directly correlated with glioma grade. Meanwhile, the level of USP28 protein expression in human glioblastoma tissues was inversely correlated with patient survival. Enforced USP28 expression promotes SW1783 glioma cell proliferation. Moreover, gliomas that arose from USP28-transfected SW1783 cells displayed tumorigenicity in nude mouse model systems. Inhibition of USP28 expression in glioblastoma U373 cells suppressed anchorage-independent growth in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo. Furthermore, USP28 regulates the expression of MYC protein, which is essential in USP28-induced cell growth in glioma cells. These results showed that USP28 is overexpressed in human glioblastomas and it contributes to glioma tumorigenicity. Therefore, USP28 could be a new target of therapy for human malignant glioma.

[Clinical analysis of 42 cases of chronic expanding intracerebral hematoma].

OBJECTIVE: To summarize our own experiences of managing chronic expanding intracerebral hematoma (CEICH) and discuss its diagnosis and treatment. METHODS: The courses of CEICH, clinical and imaging features, intraoperative findings, pathological examinations and follow-up outcomes were reviewed retrospectively. The relevant literatures were reviewed simultaneously. RESULTS: The course of CEICHs ranged from 22 days to 10 years. Twenty-three cases (54.8%) were misdiagnosed as cystic gliomas, cystic gliomas, brain cysticercoses, brain abscesses and tumor strokes, etc. The misdiagnostic rate had decreased to 19.0% since June 1997. Thirty-eight patients underwent surgical operations and 4 had puncture drainage of hematoma. There was no operative death. Thirty-three cases achieved an excellent recovery and 9 cases had varying degrees of nervous dysfunctions. The follow-up period was 1-21 years. One patient had recurrence after 10 years. Among the cases of multiple CEICH, two lesions underwent no surgical treatment. One increased obviously after 7 years and another disappeared. CONCLUSION: The following five points may be used as the diagnostic criteria of CEICH: (1) intracerebral cystic space-occupying lesions on brain images; (2) circular or circle-like enhancement around lesions; (3) a mixed signal of concentric circular lamellar structures on MRI T1WI; (4) abnormal vascular lesions on CTA, MRA or DSA; (5) clinical signs and symptoms of slow progress of intracranial pressure. CEICHs with clinical symptoms of local mass effect shall be obliterated surgically. The abnormal tissues in cyst wall of hematoma should be resected. Small hematomas (< 2 cm) may be followed up.

[Clinical study on blood salvage technique in spine orthopaedic operation].

To evaluate the application of blood salvage techmque in spine orthopaedic operation. 26 cases of spine orthopaedic operations were divided into two groups. Group A received homologous blood transfusion. Group B received intraoperative blood salvage by cell saver in spine orthopaedic operations. No complications of transfusion and dysfunciton were found in all pateints. The results showed that blood salvage technique can decrease effectively the need of homologous blood transfusion in spine orthopaedic operation and can be used safely in clinical practice.