RESUMEN
Oncogenic mutations in the RAS gene account for 30% of all human tumors; more than 60% of which present as KRAS mutations at the hotspot codon 12. After decades of intense pursuit, a covalent inhibition strategy has enabled selective targeting of this previously "undruggable" target. Herein, we disclose our journey toward the discovery of MK-1084, an orally bioavailable and low-dose KRASG12C covalent inhibitor currently in phase I clinical trials (NCT05067283). We leveraged structure-based drug design to identify a macrocyclic core structure, and hypothesis-driven optimization of biopharmaceutical properties to further improve metabolic stability and tolerability.
Asunto(s)
Descubrimiento de Drogas , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas p21(ras) , Animales , Perros , Humanos , Ratones , Ratas , Administración Oral , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos/farmacocinética , Antineoplásicos/química , Disponibilidad Biológica , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas p21(ras)/antagonistas & inhibidores , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas p21(ras)/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas p21(ras)/metabolismo , Relación Estructura-ActividadRESUMEN
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is a type II arginine methyltransferase that catalyzes the post-translational symmetric dimethylation of protein substrates. PRMT5 plays a critical role in regulating biological processes including transcription, cell cycle progression, RNA splicing, and DNA repair. As such, dysregulation of PRMT5 activity is implicated in the development and progression of multiple cancers and is a target of growing clinical interest. Described herein are the structure-based drug designs, robust synthetic efforts, and lead optimization strategies toward the identification of two novel 5,5-fused bicyclic nucleoside-derived classes of potent and efficacious PRMT5 inhibitors. Utilization of compound docking and strain energy calculations inspired novel designs, and the development of flexible synthetic approaches enabled access to complex chemotypes with five contiguous stereocenters. Additional efforts in balancing bioavailability, solubility, potency, and CYP3A4 inhibition led to the identification of diverse lead compounds with favorable profiles, promising in vivo activity, and low human dose projections.
Asunto(s)
Aminoquinolinas/uso terapéutico , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Nucleósidos/uso terapéutico , Proteína-Arginina N-Metiltransferasas/antagonistas & inhibidores , Aminoquinolinas/síntesis química , Aminoquinolinas/metabolismo , Animales , Antineoplásicos/síntesis química , Antineoplásicos/metabolismo , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Diseño de Fármacos , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/síntesis química , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Ratones SCID , Simulación del Acoplamiento Molecular , Estructura Molecular , Nucleósidos/síntesis química , Nucleósidos/metabolismo , Unión Proteica , Proteína-Arginina N-Metiltransferasas/metabolismo , Relación Estructura-ActividadRESUMEN
[reaction: see text] Aldimines 2 underwent Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction with 1-(p-toluenesulfonyl)-1,3-butadiene (3) in the presence of 3-hydroxyquinuclidine (HQD) to afford adducts 4. The E-isomers of the products cyclized to the corresponding functionalized piperidines 8 under base-catalyzed conditions. Simultaneous equilibration of (E)-4 and (Z)-4 was effected by photoisomerization to improve the efficiency of the cyclization.