RESUMEN
In this study, polysaccharides were isolated from Ganoderma lucidum (Polyporaceae) and their antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities were investigated using in vivo models. Potential antitumor activity was shown by G. lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) against solid tumor induced by Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma cells. GLP at 100 mg kg(-1) body mass showed 80.8 and 77.6% reduction in tumour volume and tumour mass, respectively, when administered 24 h after tumour implantation. Again, GLP at the same dose but when administered prior to tumour inoculation, showed 79.5 and 81.2% inhibition of tumour volume and tumour mass, respectively. GLP showed significant dose-dependent activity in carrageenean-induced (acute) and formalin-induced (chronic) inflammation assays. At 100 mg kg(-1), GLP exhibited 57.6 and 58.2% inhibition in carrageenean-induced and formalin-induced assays, respectively.
Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Edema/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Polisacáridos/farmacología , Reishi/química , Animales , Antiinflamatorios/química , Antiinflamatorios/aislamiento & purificación , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/aislamiento & purificación , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Carragenina/toxicidad , Línea Celular Tumoral , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Ensayos de Selección de Medicamentos Antitumorales , Edema/inducido químicamente , Formaldehído/toxicidad , Liofilización , Frutas , Humanos , Masculino , Ratones , Neoplasias/prevención & control , Fitoterapia , Preparaciones de Plantas/aislamiento & purificación , Preparaciones de Plantas/farmacología , Polisacáridos/química , Polisacáridos/aislamiento & purificación , Polisacáridos/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Volatile oil from the rhizomes of Zingiber nimmonii (J. Graham) Dalzell was isolated, characterized by analytical gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Sixty-five constituents accounting for 97.5% of the oil were identified. Z. nimmonii rhizome oil is a unique caryophyllene-rich natural source with isomeric caryophyllenes, beta-caryophyllene (42.2%) and alpha-humulene (alpha-caryophyllene, 27.7%), as its major constituents along with traces of isocaryophyllene. The rhizome oil contained 71.2% sesquiterpenes, 14.2% oxygenated sesquiterpenes, 8.9% monoterpenes, 1.9% oxygenated monoterpenes and 1.3% non-terpenoid constituents. The antimicrobial activity of the oil was tested against human and plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi. The oil showed significant inhibitory activity against the fungi, Candida glabrata, C. albicans and Aspergillus niger and the bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. No activity was observed against the fungus Fusarium oxysporum.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos/química , Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Aceites de Plantas/química , Aceites de Plantas/farmacología , Rizoma/química , Sesquiterpenos/química , Zingiberaceae/química , Antifúngicos/química , Antifúngicos/farmacología , Bacterias Gramnegativas/efectos de los fármacos , Bacterias Grampositivas/efectos de los fármacos , India , Sesquiterpenos PolicíclicosRESUMEN
Essential oil from the fruits of Amomum cannicarpum (Wight) Bentham ex Baker (Zingiberaceae) was hydrodistilled and characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Major constituents of the oil were beta-pinene (14.00%), elemol (10.45%) and alpha-cadinol (8.50%). Thirty-three (91.48%) out of forty-one constituents were identified by GC-MS and subsequent data analysis. Antimicrobial activity of the oil against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and some fungi, was determined by the disc diffusion assay. The oil showed good antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus vulgaris and very good antifungal activity against Candida albicans and C. glabrata.