Enlarged Abdominal Lymph Node as a Cause of Polyhydramnios in the Course of Congenital Neonatal Leukaemia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature on Foetal Abdominal Tumours with Coexisting Polyhydramnios.

Polyhydramnios represents a complication found in 0.2-2% of pregnancies, and it is usually diagnosed between 31 and 36 weeks of pregnancy. Although most cases of polyhydramnios are idiopathic, maternal diabetes or foetal malformations constitute frequent causes of the excessive accumulation of the amniotic fluid. Considering the latter, polyhydramnios may rarely be caused by foetal abdominal tumours, with the incidence rate of 2-14 cases per 100,000 live births. Congenital neonatal leukaemia (CNL) is a rare disease with a reported incidence rate of 5-8.6 cases per million live births. In the prenatal period, the ultrasound abnormalities associated with CNL include hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. In this paper, we presented a case of polyhydramnios caused by mechanical pressure on the foetal gastrointestinal tract by an enlarged lymph node in the course of CNL, as well as reviewing the available literature on foetal abdominal tumours with concurrent polyhydramnios.

Palliative treatment of intestinal obstruction in patients with gynecologic malignancies - single center experience.

OBJECTIVES: One of the common symptoms in patients with advanced gynecologic tumors is intestinal obstruction. Palliativemanagement may include pharmacological treatment, stenting as well as surgical removal of obstruction cause.Selection of appropriate treatment should be based on careful and individual assessment of advantages, disadvantagesand possible complications. The aim of the study was to analyze the effectiveness of non-invasive treatment in patientswith gynecologic malignancies suffering from intestinal obstruction. MATERIAL AND METHODS: It was a retrospective analysis of factors associated with primary non-invasive intestinal obstructiontreatment effectiveness. Data were collected from medical records of 17 patients managed and followed-up in a singlegynecologic oncology center due to endometrial cancer, fallopian tube cancer, uterine leiomyosarcoma, and ovarian canceradmitted to the ward because of symptomatic intestinal obstruction. Mean observation time lasted 40.6 months. Non-invasivetreatment included fluid therapy, dexamethasone, buscolysin, mebeverine, ranitidine, simethicone, omeprazole,magnesium sulphate, semi-liquid diet, and parenteral nutrition. Characteristics including age, BMI, comorbidities, oncologicaltreatment, histology type, stage, grade, presence of ascites, location of primary tumor and metastases were analyzed. RESULTS: The number of obstruction episodes varied from 1 to 5. Mean time between multiple episodes lasted 3.2 months. 5 patientsrequired surgical treatment. For the rest of the patients primary non-invasive treatment was sufficient. CONCLUSIONS: Most cases of bowel obstruction in patients with advanced gynecologic malignancies can be successfullymanaged without invasive treatment. Moreover, non-invasive obstruction management can be applied multiple times incase of recurrence.